investigating the effects of blended learning using the community of inquiry framework
The Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework is a popular lens for studying the effects of blended learning. The CoI framework suggests that effective learning occurs when there is a balance between three elements: cognitive presence (the ability to think and reason together), social presence (the ability to build relationships and collaborate with others), and teaching presence (the ability of the instructor to guide and support learning). By studying the effects of blended learning using the CoI framework, researchers can gain insight into how different learning environments impact student engagement, collaboration, and learning outcomes.
  Title: Investigating the Effects of Blended Learning on Student Learning Outcomes: A Study Using the Community of Inquiry Framework

Introduction:
Blended learning, which combines traditional face-to-face instruction with online learning, has become increasingly popular in higher education. However, the effectiveness of blended learning remains a topic of debate. The Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework, which emphasizes the importance of cognitive presence, social presence, and teaching presence in online learning, provides a useful lens for investigating the effects of blended learning on student learning outcomes. This study aims to investigate the impact of blended learning on student learning outcomes using the CoI framework.

Research Questions:

1. How do blended learning and traditional face-to-face instruction differ in terms of student learning outcomes?
2. How do the cognitive, social, and teaching presences of blended learning impact student learning outcomes?
3. How do the individual differences of students (e.g., motivation, prior knowledge) moderate the impact of blended learning on student learning outcomes?

Methodology:

1. Sample: A sample of 100 students will be recruited from a blended learning course in a higher education institution.
2. Data Collection: Data will be collected through a pre-post test design, which will assess