pietrolesci/pubmed-200k-rct · Datasets at Hugging Face

labels class label 5 classes	text stringlengths 3 1.81k	uid int64 0 2.21M
1CONCLUSIONS	These data suggest that , provided strict guidelines to improve tolerance and metabolic control are used , almost all patients with acute renal failure as part of multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome can be treated with intermittent haemodialysis .	2,211,800
0BACKGROUND	This study clinically evaluates the 10-year results of connective tissue graft ( CTG ) and guided tissue regeneration ( GTR ) therapies using bioabsorbable barriers for root coverage ( i.e. , the reduction of recession depth ) .	2,211,801
2METHODS	In 15 patients , 38 Miller Class I and II recessions were treated .	2,211,802
2METHODS	Recession defects received a CTG or GTR by random assignment .	2,211,803
2METHODS	At baseline ( immediately prior to surgery ) and 6 and 120 + / - 12 months after surgery , clinical parameters were obtained .	2,211,804
4RESULTS	Nine patients , who contributed 24 recession defects , were available for re-examination at 120 + / - 12 months .	2,211,805
4RESULTS	Six and 120 + / - 12 months after receiving a CTG , statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) root coverage was observed compared to baseline root coverage ( 6 months : 3.07 + / - 1.74 mm ; 120 + / - 12 months : 2.07 + / - 1.89 mm ) .	2,211,806
4RESULTS	The GTR therapy resulted in statistically significant root coverage compared to baseline root coverage only after 6 months ( 2.28 + / - 1.77 mm ; P < 0.05 ) .	2,211,807
4RESULTS	Both groups experienced a statistically significant loss of coverage from 6 to 120 + / - 12 months ( CTG : -1.0 + / - 0.78 mm ; GTR : -2.03 + / - 2.24 mm ) .	2,211,808
4RESULTS	At 120 + / - 12 months after CTG surgery , the stability of root coverage was statistically significantly better than 120 + / - 12 months after GTR surgery ( P = 0.002 ) .	2,211,809
4RESULTS	The CTG caused more post-surgical discomfort ( P < 0.05 ) , but it resulted in a better treatment outcome ( P < 0.05 ) than GTR as perceived by patients .	2,211,810
1CONCLUSIONS	The long-term stability of root coverage ( i.e. , the reduction of recession depth ) and esthetic results perceived by patients were significantly better 10 years after CTG surgery , statistically , than after GTR surgery using bioabsorbable barriers .	2,211,811
3OBJECTIVE	To compare the quality of real-time sonographic images obtained from the examinations using two different sound media , ultrasound gel and olive oil .	2,211,812
2METHODS	A randomized controlled trial was conducted on the study population recruited from the routine ultrasound service with written informed consent .	2,211,813
2METHODS	Each patient underwent scan using both ultrasound gel and olive oil as sound media , but only one media at a time .	2,211,814
2METHODS	During each patient examination , the first type of sound media was randomly used and then followed by the other media .	2,211,815
2METHODS	The sonographic images of the same plane were recorded as video clips for each type of sound media .	2,211,816
2METHODS	The quality of images were blindly evaluated by one experienced sonographer and the quality of ultrasound images was rated as 0 ( very poor ) , 1 ( poor ) , 2 ( fair ) , and 3 ( good ) , respectively .	2,211,817
4RESULTS	Of 346 cases ( 692 video clips ) , the image quality scores in ultrasound gel group and olive oil group were poor , fair , and good quality in 7 , 182 , and 157 and 9 , 190 , and 147 cases , respectively .	2,211,818
4RESULTS	The difference of quality scores between both groups was not statistically significant .	2,211,819
4RESULTS	( Chi square test ; p = 0.687 ) .	2,211,820
1CONCLUSIONS	The quality of images obtained from the scan using olive oil is similar to that using ultrasound gel .	2,211,821
1CONCLUSIONS	Therefore , the olive oil may be used as alternative sound media for ultrasound examination .	2,211,822
1CONCLUSIONS	Furthermore , it could possibly be a preferred media because of its lower cost , pleasant smell , and it facility of cleaning .	2,211,823
0BACKGROUND	Because the source of protein may play a role in its satiating effect , we investigated the effect of different proteins on satiation and short-term satiety .	2,211,824
2METHODS	Two randomized single-blind cross-over studies were completed .	2,211,825
2METHODS	In the first study , we investigated the effect of a preload containing 20 g of casein , whey , pea protein , egg albumin or maltodextrin vs. water control on food intake 30 min later in 32 male volunteers ( 25 4 yrs , BMI 24 0.4 kg/m ( 2 ) ) .	2,211,826
2METHODS	Subjective appetite was assessed using visual analogue scales at 10 min intervals after the preload .	2,211,827
2METHODS	Capillary blood glucose was measured every 30 min during 2 hrs before and after the ad libitum meal .	2,211,828
2METHODS	In the second study , we compared the effect of 20 g of casein , pea protein or whey vs. water control on satiation in 32 male volunteers ( 25 0.6 yrs , BMI 24 0.5 kg/m ( 2 ) ) .	2,211,829
2METHODS	The preload was consumed as a starter during an ad libitum meal and food intake was measured .	2,211,830
2METHODS	The preloads in both studies were in the form of a beverage .	2,211,831
4RESULTS	In the first study , food intake was significantly lower only after casein and pea protein compared to water control ( P = 0.02 ; 0.04 respectively ) .	2,211,832
4RESULTS	Caloric compensation was 110 , 103 , 62 , 56 and 51 % after casein , pea protein , whey , albumin and maltodextrin , respectively .	2,211,833
4RESULTS	Feelings of satiety were significantly higher after casein and pea protein compared to other preloads ( P < 0.05 ) .	2,211,834
4RESULTS	Blood glucose response to the meal was significantly lower when whey protein was consumed as a preload compared to other groups ( P < 0.001 ) .	2,211,835
4RESULTS	In the second study , results showed no difference between preloads on ad libitum intake .	2,211,836
4RESULTS	Total intake was significantly higher after caloric preloads compared to water control ( P < 0.05 ) .	2,211,837
1CONCLUSIONS	Casein and pea protein showed a stronger effect on food intake compared to whey when consumed as a preload .	2,211,838
1CONCLUSIONS	However , consuming the protein preload as a starter of a meal decreased its impact on food intake as opposed to consuming it 30 min before the meal .	2,211,839
0BACKGROUND	Irregularity measures have been suggested as risk indicators in patients with atrial fibrillation ( AF ) ; however , it is not known to what extent they are affected by commonly used rate-control drugs .	2,211,840
0BACKGROUND	We aimed at evaluating the effect of metoprolol , carvedilol , diltiazem , and verapamil on the variability and irregularity of the ventricular response in patients with permanent AF .	2,211,841
4RESULTS	Sixty patients with permanent AF were part of an investigator-blind cross-over study , comparing 4 rate-control drugs ( diltiazem , verapamil , metoprolol , and carvedilol ) .	2,211,842
4RESULTS	We analyzed five 20-minute segments per patient : baseline and the 4 drug regimens .	2,211,843
4RESULTS	On every segment , heart rate ( HR ) variability and irregularity of RR series were computed .	2,211,844
4RESULTS	The variability was assessed as standard deviation , pNN20 , pNN50 , pNN80 , and rMSSD .	2,211,845
4RESULTS	The irregularity was assessed by regularity index , approximate ( ApEn ) , and sample entropy .	2,211,846
4RESULTS	A significantly lower HR was obtained with all drugs , the HR was lowest using the calcium channel blockers .	2,211,847
4RESULTS	All drugs increased the variability of ventricular response in respect to baseline ( as an example , rMSSD : baseline 171 47 milliseconds , carvedilol 229 58 milliseconds ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline , metoprolol 226 66 milliseconds ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline , verapamil 228 84 ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline , diltiazem 256 87 milliseconds ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline and all other drugs ) .	2,211,848
4RESULTS	Only - blockers significantly increased the irregularity of the RR series ( as an example , ApEn : baseline 1.86 0.13 , carvedilol 1.92 0.09 ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline , metoprolol 1.93 0.08 ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline , verapamil 1.86 0.22 ns , diltiazem 1.88 0.16 ns ) .	2,211,849
1CONCLUSIONS	Modification of AV node conduction by rate-control drugs increase RR variability , while only - blockers affect irregularity .	2,211,850
0BACKGROUND	Internal medicine residents must be competent in Advanced Cardiac Life Support ( ACLS ) for board certification .	2,211,851
3OBJECTIVE	The purpose was to use a medical simulator to assess baseline proficiency in ACLS and determine the impact of an intervention on skill development .	2,211,852
2METHODS	This was a randomized trial with wait-list controls .	2,211,853
2METHODS	After baseline evaluation in all residents , the intervention group received 4 education sessions using a medical simulator .	2,211,854
2METHODS	All residents were then retested .	2,211,855
2METHODS	After crossover , the wait-list group received the intervention , and residents were tested again .	2,211,856
2METHODS	Performance was assessed by comparison to American Heart Association guidelines for treatment of ACLS conditions with interrater and internal consistency reliability estimates .	2,211,857
4RESULTS	Performance improved significantly after simulator training .	2,211,858
4RESULTS	No improvement was detected as a function of clinical experience alone .	2,211,859
4RESULTS	The educational program was rated highly .	2,211,860

1CONCLUSIONS

These data suggest that , provided strict guidelines to improve tolerance and metabolic control are used , almost all patients with acute renal failure as part of multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome can be treated with intermittent haemodialysis .

2,211,800

0BACKGROUND

This study clinically evaluates the 10-year results of connective tissue graft ( CTG ) and guided tissue regeneration ( GTR ) therapies using bioabsorbable barriers for root coverage ( i.e. , the reduction of recession depth ) .

2,211,801

2METHODS

In 15 patients , 38 Miller Class I and II recessions were treated .

2,211,802

2METHODS

Recession defects received a CTG or GTR by random assignment .

2,211,803

2METHODS

At baseline ( immediately prior to surgery ) and 6 and 120 + / - 12 months after surgery , clinical parameters were obtained .

2,211,804

4RESULTS

Nine patients , who contributed 24 recession defects , were available for re-examination at 120 + / - 12 months .

2,211,805

4RESULTS

Six and 120 + / - 12 months after receiving a CTG , statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) root coverage was observed compared to baseline root coverage ( 6 months : 3.07 + / - 1.74 mm ; 120 + / - 12 months : 2.07 + / - 1.89 mm ) .

2,211,806

4RESULTS

The GTR therapy resulted in statistically significant root coverage compared to baseline root coverage only after 6 months ( 2.28 + / - 1.77 mm ; P < 0.05 ) .

2,211,807

4RESULTS

Both groups experienced a statistically significant loss of coverage from 6 to 120 + / - 12 months ( CTG : -1.0 + / - 0.78 mm ; GTR : -2.03 + / - 2.24 mm ) .

2,211,808

4RESULTS

At 120 + / - 12 months after CTG surgery , the stability of root coverage was statistically significantly better than 120 + / - 12 months after GTR surgery ( P = 0.002 ) .

2,211,809

4RESULTS

The CTG caused more post-surgical discomfort ( P < 0.05 ) , but it resulted in a better treatment outcome ( P < 0.05 ) than GTR as perceived by patients .

2,211,810

1CONCLUSIONS

The long-term stability of root coverage ( i.e. , the reduction of recession depth ) and esthetic results perceived by patients were significantly better 10 years after CTG surgery , statistically , than after GTR surgery using bioabsorbable barriers .

2,211,811

3OBJECTIVE

To compare the quality of real-time sonographic images obtained from the examinations using two different sound media , ultrasound gel and olive oil .

2,211,812

2METHODS

A randomized controlled trial was conducted on the study population recruited from the routine ultrasound service with written informed consent .

2,211,813

2METHODS

Each patient underwent scan using both ultrasound gel and olive oil as sound media , but only one media at a time .

2,211,814

2METHODS

During each patient examination , the first type of sound media was randomly used and then followed by the other media .

2,211,815

2METHODS

The sonographic images of the same plane were recorded as video clips for each type of sound media .

2,211,816

2METHODS

The quality of images were blindly evaluated by one experienced sonographer and the quality of ultrasound images was rated as 0 ( very poor ) , 1 ( poor ) , 2 ( fair ) , and 3 ( good ) , respectively .

2,211,817

4RESULTS

Of 346 cases ( 692 video clips ) , the image quality scores in ultrasound gel group and olive oil group were poor , fair , and good quality in 7 , 182 , and 157 and 9 , 190 , and 147 cases , respectively .

2,211,818

4RESULTS

The difference of quality scores between both groups was not statistically significant .

2,211,819

4RESULTS

( Chi square test ; p = 0.687 ) .

2,211,820

1CONCLUSIONS

The quality of images obtained from the scan using olive oil is similar to that using ultrasound gel .

2,211,821

1CONCLUSIONS

Therefore , the olive oil may be used as alternative sound media for ultrasound examination .

2,211,822

1CONCLUSIONS

Furthermore , it could possibly be a preferred media because of its lower cost , pleasant smell , and it facility of cleaning .

2,211,823

0BACKGROUND

Because the source of protein may play a role in its satiating effect , we investigated the effect of different proteins on satiation and short-term satiety .

2,211,824

2METHODS

Two randomized single-blind cross-over studies were completed .

2,211,825

2METHODS

In the first study , we investigated the effect of a preload containing 20 g of casein , whey , pea protein , egg albumin or maltodextrin vs. water control on food intake 30 min later in 32 male volunteers ( 25 4 yrs , BMI 24 0.4 kg/m ( 2 ) ) .

2,211,826

2METHODS

Subjective appetite was assessed using visual analogue scales at 10 min intervals after the preload .

2,211,827

2METHODS

Capillary blood glucose was measured every 30 min during 2 hrs before and after the ad libitum meal .

2,211,828

2METHODS

In the second study , we compared the effect of 20 g of casein , pea protein or whey vs. water control on satiation in 32 male volunteers ( 25 0.6 yrs , BMI 24 0.5 kg/m ( 2 ) ) .

2,211,829

2METHODS

The preload was consumed as a starter during an ad libitum meal and food intake was measured .

2,211,830

2METHODS

The preloads in both studies were in the form of a beverage .

2,211,831

4RESULTS

In the first study , food intake was significantly lower only after casein and pea protein compared to water control ( P = 0.02 ; 0.04 respectively ) .

2,211,832

4RESULTS

Caloric compensation was 110 , 103 , 62 , 56 and 51 % after casein , pea protein , whey , albumin and maltodextrin , respectively .

2,211,833

4RESULTS

Feelings of satiety were significantly higher after casein and pea protein compared to other preloads ( P < 0.05 ) .

2,211,834

4RESULTS

Blood glucose response to the meal was significantly lower when whey protein was consumed as a preload compared to other groups ( P < 0.001 ) .

2,211,835

4RESULTS

In the second study , results showed no difference between preloads on ad libitum intake .

2,211,836

4RESULTS

Total intake was significantly higher after caloric preloads compared to water control ( P < 0.05 ) .

2,211,837

1CONCLUSIONS

Casein and pea protein showed a stronger effect on food intake compared to whey when consumed as a preload .

2,211,838

1CONCLUSIONS

However , consuming the protein preload as a starter of a meal decreased its impact on food intake as opposed to consuming it 30 min before the meal .

2,211,839

0BACKGROUND

Irregularity measures have been suggested as risk indicators in patients with atrial fibrillation ( AF ) ; however , it is not known to what extent they are affected by commonly used rate-control drugs .

2,211,840

0BACKGROUND

We aimed at evaluating the effect of metoprolol , carvedilol , diltiazem , and verapamil on the variability and irregularity of the ventricular response in patients with permanent AF .

2,211,841

4RESULTS

Sixty patients with permanent AF were part of an investigator-blind cross-over study , comparing 4 rate-control drugs ( diltiazem , verapamil , metoprolol , and carvedilol ) .

2,211,842

4RESULTS

We analyzed five 20-minute segments per patient : baseline and the 4 drug regimens .

2,211,843

4RESULTS

On every segment , heart rate ( HR ) variability and irregularity of RR series were computed .

2,211,844

4RESULTS

The variability was assessed as standard deviation , pNN20 , pNN50 , pNN80 , and rMSSD .

2,211,845

4RESULTS

The irregularity was assessed by regularity index , approximate ( ApEn ) , and sample entropy .

2,211,846

4RESULTS

A significantly lower HR was obtained with all drugs , the HR was lowest using the calcium channel blockers .

2,211,847

4RESULTS

All drugs increased the variability of ventricular response in respect to baseline ( as an example , rMSSD : baseline 171 47 milliseconds , carvedilol 229 58 milliseconds ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline , metoprolol 226 66 milliseconds ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline , verapamil 228 84 ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline , diltiazem 256 87 milliseconds ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline and all other drugs ) .

2,211,848

4RESULTS

Only - blockers significantly increased the irregularity of the RR series ( as an example , ApEn : baseline 1.86 0.13 , carvedilol 1.92 0.09 ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline , metoprolol 1.93 0.08 ; P < 0.05 vs. baseline , verapamil 1.86 0.22 ns , diltiazem 1.88 0.16 ns ) .

2,211,849

1CONCLUSIONS

Modification of AV node conduction by rate-control drugs increase RR variability , while only - blockers affect irregularity .

2,211,850

0BACKGROUND

Internal medicine residents must be competent in Advanced Cardiac Life Support ( ACLS ) for board certification .

2,211,851

3OBJECTIVE

The purpose was to use a medical simulator to assess baseline proficiency in ACLS and determine the impact of an intervention on skill development .

2,211,852

2METHODS

This was a randomized trial with wait-list controls .

2,211,853

2METHODS

After baseline evaluation in all residents , the intervention group received 4 education sessions using a medical simulator .

2,211,854

2METHODS

All residents were then retested .

2,211,855

2METHODS

After crossover , the wait-list group received the intervention , and residents were tested again .

2,211,856

2METHODS

Performance was assessed by comparison to American Heart Association guidelines for treatment of ACLS conditions with interrater and internal consistency reliability estimates .

2,211,857

4RESULTS

Performance improved significantly after simulator training .

2,211,858

4RESULTS

No improvement was detected as a function of clinical experience alone .

2,211,859

4RESULTS

The educational program was rated highly .

2,211,860