-computer iteratively recalculates the system state as it changes over time  -macro-level: system dynamics models  micro-level: agent-based models, cellular automate, micro-simulation. sometimes called spatial simulation models
-computer iteratively recalculates the system state as it changes over time  -macro-level: system dynamics models  micro-level: agent-based models, cellular automate, micro-simulation. sometimes called spatial simulation models
extends the spreadsheet modeling approach by replacing the use of single values for parameters with a probability distribution of possible values.