Kopsualveool
Kopsualveoolid ehk kopsusombid (ka õhutaskud; ains alveolus pulmonis, mitm alveoli) on paljudel selgroogsetel loomadel kopsude koes talitlevad sopised, mille seina läbi toimub gaasivahetus[1][2].
Kopsualveoolide seinad on õhukesed ning koosnevad vaid ühest rakukihist (milles on Type I cells, Type II cells, alveolaarmakrofaagid) ja neid ümbritseb verekapillaaride võrk, läbi sellise membraani toimub gaasivahetus[3] (süsinikdioksiid lahkub ja hapnik saabub verre).
Alveoolid on täidetud õhuga. Nende kogumikud moodustavad alveolaarkotikesi. Tagavad efektiivse gaasivahetuse. Verest liigub alveooli õhuruumi süsihappegaas, sissehingatust õhust liigub verre hapnik.
Ühes inimkopsus on tavaliselt vähemalt 300 miljonit alveooli, mille läbimõõt on 0,25 mm, nende kogupind väljahingamisel on ligikaudu 30 m2 ja sissehingamisel 100–120 m2.
Madudel ei kata alveoolid kogu kopsu.
Kopsualveoolid on kantud järgmistesse anatoomianomenklatuuridesse:
- Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria: Alveolus pulmonis[4];
- Terminologia Histologica: H3.05.02.0.00026: Alveolus pulmonis. Kopsualveool.
Arvatakse, et tuberkuloosi mükobakterid satuvad sissehingamisel just kopsualveoolidesse, kus nad kohtavad alveolaarmakrofaage.
Vaata ka[muuda | muuda lähteteksti]
Viited[muuda | muuda lähteteksti]
- ↑ "Meditsiinisõnastik", 368:2004
- ↑ Respiratory system, Sissekanne Encyclopædia Britannica-s
- ↑ Meeli Roosalu. "Inimese anatoomia", Kirjastus Koolibri, lk 125, 2010, ISBN 978-9985-0-2606-9.
- ↑ NOMINA ANATOMICA VE.
<|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>

Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 26 Jul 2024

<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>

Below is an extract from a web page. Evaluate whether the page has a high educational
value and could be useful in an educational setting for teaching from primary school to
grade school levels using the additive 5-point scoring system described below. Points are
accumulated based on the satisfaction of each criterion:
- Add 1 point if the extract provides some basic information relevant to educational top-
ics, even if it includes some irrelevant or non-academic content like advertisements and
promotional material.
- Add another point if the extract addresses certain elements pertinent to education but
does not align closely with educational standards. It might mix educational content with
non-educational material, offering a superficial overview of potentially useful topics, or
presenting information in a disorganized manner and incoherent writing style.
- Award a third point if the extract is appropriate for educational use and introduces key
concepts relevant to school curricula. It is coherent though it may not be comprehensive
or could include some extraneous information. It may resemble an introductory section of
a textbook or a basic tutorial that is suitable for learning but has notable limitations like
treating concepts that are too complex for grade school students.
- Grant a fourth point if the extract highly relevant and beneficial for educational purposes
for a level not higher than grade school, exhibiting a clear and consistent writing style. It
could be similar to a chapter from a textbook or a tutorial, offering substantial educational
content, including exercises and solutions, with minimal irrelevant information, and the
concepts aren’t too advanced for grade school students. The content is coherent, focused,
and valuable for structured learning.
- Bestow a fifth point if the extract is outstanding in its educational value, perfectly suited for
teaching either at primary school or grade school. It follows detailed reasoning, the writing
style is easy to follow and offers profound and thorough insights into the subject matter,
devoid of any non-educational or complex content.
The extract: Kopsualveool
Kopsualveoolid ehk kopsusombid (ka õhutaskud; ains alveolus pulmonis, mitm alveoli) on paljudel selgroogsetel loomadel kopsude koes talitlevad sopised, mille seina läbi toimub gaasivahetus[1][2].
Kopsualveoolide seinad on õhukesed ning koosnevad vaid ühest rakukihist (milles on Type I cells, Type II cells, alveolaarmakrofaagid) ja neid ümbritseb verekapillaaride võrk, läbi sellise membraani toimub gaasivahetus[3] (süsinikdioksiid lahkub ja hapnik saabub verre).
Alveoolid on täidetud õhuga. Nende kogumikud moodustavad alveolaarkotikesi. Tagavad efektiivse gaasivahetuse. Verest liigub alveooli õhuruumi süsihappegaas, sissehingatust õhust liigub verre hapnik.
Ühes inimkopsus on tavaliselt vähemalt 300 miljonit alveooli, mille läbimõõt on 0,25 mm, nende kogupind väljahingamisel on ligikaudu 30 m2 ja sissehingamisel 100–120 m2.
Madudel ei kata alveoolid kogu kopsu.
Kopsualveoolid on kantud järgmistesse anatoomianomenklatuuridesse:
- Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria: Alveolus pulmonis[4];
- Terminologia Histologica: H3.05.02.0.00026: Alveolus pulmonis. Kopsualveool.
Arvatakse, et tuberkuloosi mükobakterid satuvad sissehingamisel just kopsualveoolidesse, kus nad kohtavad alveolaarmakrofaage.
Vaata ka[muuda | muuda lähteteksti]
Viited[muuda | muuda lähteteksti]
- ↑ "Meditsiinisõnastik", 368:2004
- ↑ Respiratory system, Sissekanne Encyclopædia Britannica-s
- ↑ Meeli Roosalu. "Inimese anatoomia", Kirjastus Koolibri, lk 125, 2010, ISBN 978-9985-0-2606-9.
- ↑ NOMINA ANATOMICA VE.
After examining the extract:
- Briefly justify your total score, up to 100 words.
- Conclude with the score using the format: "Educational score: <total points>"<|eot_id|>
<|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>

The extract provides basic information about alveoli in the lungs, relevant to educational topics in biology and health. It introduces key concepts, is coherent, and has a clear writing style, making it suitable for educational use. However, the content may be too complex for primary school students and lacks exercises or solutions. 

Educational score: 4