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RR Racing has pioneered Lexus ECU tuning. We were the first to release a tune for Lexus ISF in 2015, then the first to tune the RCF and GSF, we then developed the tune for Lexus IS350 2006 to 2013 and finally IS350 2014 through 2017. Last year we introduced the best tune for Lexus IS250 available anywhere. So needless to say, we know a thing or two about Lexus tuning. We would like to clear some misconceptions customers have regarding tuning a Lexus, as well as answer some FAQs. Some of these are based on experience they may had with older cars, and many of these are based on erroneous information they get from other tuners.Continue reading “Tuning Facts and FAQs”
I just thought I would share with you some of our experience with KCLV and some ideas of how to improve it. For those of you who haven’t heard of it, KCLV stands for “Knock Correction Learn Value.” It is simply a long term ignition correction factor. After you flash your car or reset your ECU, the KCLV goes to 15. Once you start driving the car, particularly doing long pulls at high load, the ECU starts bumping the KCLV up in small incremental steps until some knock is detected.Continue reading “Improving Knock Learning and Power on Lexus ECU’s”
Our brake kits are engineered from the best-in-class components, carefully designed, selected, and/or manufactured by us right here in the United States to the highest quality standards. Our goal is to meet and exceed all quality, performance, aesthetic characteristics of top brands such as Brembo and AP Racing at an affordable price. All of our braking systems are track tested in very demanding conditions (please refer to our News page for latest track testing articles).
Big Brake System Components:
RR Racing is using DBA two-piece floating rotors for all our GT86 (FRS/BRZ) Stage 4 front BBKs. We have found out that the DBA two-piece STi compatible rotors are the best rotors for track applications.
For our Lexus and Porsche customers, we offer the racing grade rotors available — the GiroDisc racing rotors. These rotors have been proven by many race teams again and again on the track. They can also be used for road applications.
After testing a variety of calipers for our high-end brake kits, we concluded that Wilwood calipers offer the best performance at a great value. RR Racing Wilwood calipers were carefully selected and extensively tested with our braking systems. We utilize several four and six piston calipers with varying sizes ranging from FNSL6R in our Stage I kit and FSL6R in our high end and Competition kits. We also use Aero6 for our large disc Competition kits (e.g., ISX competition brake kit).
The Wilwood Forged Superlight 6R series is the benchmark in street and track applications. It also enjoys prominence in a variety of road-race, rally and sport driving. The new FSL6R model series is the latest innovation to this Superlite family of calipers. It has been redesigned with internal fluid ports that eliminate the external fluid cross-over tubes. The transfer tube has been replaced with two additional bleed screw assemblies which allow differential bore models to have a left hand and right hand orientation, but no leading or trailing configuration is required.
The Forged Narrow Superlite 6R (FNSL6R) is Wilwood’s newest version for the venerable Superlite caliper series adds the versatility and convenience of radial mounting to this widely popular caliper group. Radial mounting simplifies adaptation and provides two planes of adjustment for accurate alignment over the disc. These calipers integrate “Big Brake” style with Wilwood’s latest technology to generate big stopping power in extreme environments over a broad range of vehicle applications.
The new Aero6 forged six piston caliper delivers heavy duty stopping power for the road or track. The caliper incorporates race technology into a body design with widespread adaptability. Radial mounting, multiple options for piston volume, and large rotor diameter (we use it in our 14 inch kits) give this caliper the versatility necessary to suit all types of heavy weight braking requirements.
In most of our kits we offer Wilwood calipers in black or red powder coated colors. Wilwood calipers offer both superior performance and great aesthetic looks. Our competition kits feature black anodized calipers to withstand the extreme temperature conditions associated with track use.
Update September 2015: We now offer the calipers on variety of standard colors and any custom colors that could be selected from www.g2usa.com. Calipers are painted using a two component high temperature paint. We found this paint very durable even after repeated track uses (although we recommend the anodized version for heavy track/racing applications). Painted calipers get a great looking RR Racing logo, or our customers can specify no logo for applying their favorite car logo (as shown on the GS350 application photo below).
Offering custom calipers colors is a unique feature in the market today, and we feel it provides an important service to our customers looking for a unique look. We engineer our brake systems for best quality, variety of flexible options at a great price!
We offer Wilwoods BP10 through BP40 pads as well as Carbotech 1521pads as an option for some of our high-end braking systems. Temperature range and overall friction value are the primary considerations for pad selection. The pads must be capable of maintaining the proper amount of friction for stopping power within the temperatures that will be realized during demanding road applications or on the track. Then, overall wear rate must be considered. For most asphalt and road race applications, compounds in the high temperature ranges over 1000°F range are usually necessary. Dirt track, drag race, and street performance applications usually operate at temperatures between 500° and 1000°F. The best indicator for pad selection will always be on track performance – this is why we test our brake systems on the track.
Carbotech 1521 pads are the best pads for low dust and low noise applications. We do not recommend them for track applications.
We also like the Winmax brake pads. Winmax offers a variety of pad options starting at high performance street use through tracking and racing. We like Winmax pads for their temperature and friction characteristics. We feel they fit well with certain OEM and RR Racing brake systems.
Please refer to our Pad Guide for more technical information about our brake pad options: Brake Pad Selection Guide
For selected racing applications we offer our own designed and manufactured Titanium Pad Shims. In race applications, it is common to use titanium backing plates to reduce heat transfer between the brake pad to the caliper pistons. Titanium is superior to common steel backing plates due to its lower thermal conductivity. It acts as an insulator to prevent heat transfer to the caliper pistons and brake fluid.
Please note that these shims are only available for Lexus ISF and RCF/GSF calipers.
We exclusively use Goodridge USA stainless steel brake lines. High speed heavy braking puts great strains on competition hydraulic systems, where failure can be disastrous. Goodridge stainless steel hose strongly resists expansion under high pressure and temperature, provides consistent brake pedal pressure giving firmer and more efficient operation without that spongy feeling. These brake line systems offer protection against abrasion and fire. Its microbore construction can give increased line pressure and more responsive and sensitive brake feel.
RR racing designs and manufactures caliper mounting brackets needed for each of our big brake kits. Mounting brackets are made of high strength aircraft aluminum for both durability and light weight. We machine our brackets using the latest CNC milling machines to high quality standards right here in United States. As with all our aluminum components, we black anodize our brackets to give them superior strength and corrosion resistance.
For more information about our brake systems products, please visit our on-line catalog for your model.
Selecting the right brake pad for your application can be a difficult task. Going with a street pad at the track or fast canyon road may ruin your day. Conversely, a dedicated race pad may overpower your tires and result in premature triggering of the ABS system, thereby reducing the overall performance of your braking system. At RR-Racing, we have experimented with most of the compounds detailed in the charts below. We can order ANY pad compound available for your application, but based on our experience, we keep the following compounds in stock, as we have found they will meet 90% of our customer’s needs. If you have any questions please do not hesitate to call or email us.
|Co. of Friction
|Up to 800F
|Excellent pad for street performance applications, but not recommended for aggressive track day use. Available for our big brake kits.
|Up to 1100F
|Our pad recommendation for someone looking for a dual purpose street & track pad. This pad is not noisy, normal dust levels, and performs well at HDPE track days. Available for our big brake kits.
|Up to 1300F
|Due to the extremely high coefficient of friction, we recommend this pad for track day use only with semi-slick or full race slicks. This pad is easy on rotors, and works very well when cold, but we have found that it is simply too aggressive for street tires. Available for our big brake kits.
|Up to 842F
|Non steel material pad, low dust, street use only.
|Up to 932F
|Ceramic based pad, low dust, high performance street use, light track.
|Up to 1112F
|All purpose street/track pad. Increased dust/noise compared to W2’s
|Up to 1200F
|Track pad that can be used on the street.
|Up to 1382F
|Primarily a dedicated track pad, high metal pad not recommended for street use.
|Up to 1292F
|Great pad for both street and track use.
|Hawk HPS 5.0
|Up to 750F
|Great overall street performance pad, low noise and dust. This pad is available for OEM applications only.
|Up to 900F
|HP-Plus is our recommended dual use pad for street performance, autocross, and track days. This pad has a very high friction coefficient that is very consistent across the temperature range. This pad is available for OEM applications and our big brake kits.
Figure 1a: Wilwood street compound friction coefficient vs. temperature chart.
Figure 1b: Wilwood race compound friction coefficient vs. temperature chart.
Figure 2: Windmax W1/W2 friction coefficient vs. temperature chart
Figure 3: Windmax W3 friction coefficient vs. temperature chart
Figure 4: Windmax W4 friction coefficient vs. temperature chart
Figure 5: Windmax W5 friction coefficient vs. temperature chart
Figure 6: Hawk Performance friction coefficient vs. temperature chart.
Figure 7: Endless MX72 characteristics chart
Our suspension kits were engineered in cooperation with Penske Shocks and
manufactured by Penske and us right here in the United States to the highest quality standards. All of our suspension products were track tested in very demanding conditions (please refer to our News page for latest track testing articles).
After introducing our Penske coilover suspension for the IS-F and RCF, many of our customers were amazed at the improved handling and at the same time the comfort of this suspension. Many expect sport suspension to be harsher and uncomfortable, but they were surprised that our suspension is as comfortable (or some say, even more comfortable) than the OEM suspension. This page explains from a technical perspective our suspension performance and design principles that make this suspension the best suspension available for these cars. We also explain the major differences between our suspension tuning philosophy and design versus other suspension systems offered for the Lexus RCF, ISF, IS, and RC models (i.e. KW-V3, Ohlins R&T, and RSR coilovers).
The following topics are covered here:
1. Spring Rate Selection – Advantage of Using High Spring Rates.
2. True Rear Coilover Conversion for the 3rd generation Lexus IS/RC platform.
3. Advantages of Using Articulating Upper Spherical Bearing Top Mounts.
4. Advantages of Using Dual Springs vs. “Preloaded” Springs.
5. Penske 7500 Series shocks vs Ohlins R&T, KW V3, and other shocks — this is why they are superior.
6. Taking advantage of the Penske 7500 double independent compression & rebound adjustment to fine tune your handling.
1. Spring Rate Selection
Let’s start with spring rate choices. We utilize spring rates that are significantly higher than our competition. Higher spring rates allow for:
- Better weight transfer dynamics,
- Reduced body roll,
- Reduced understeer as you approach the limit, and
- Linear and more predictable handling behavior.
Figure 1 below is a good *estimate* of what happens in the IS/GS front suspension during cornering. We illustrate the amount of force that is required to compress the suspension (bump travel) for a sample 900lb spring (16kg), 560lb spring (10kg), and the bump stop. Looking at the curves, it is clear that the bump stop behaves very different compared to a spring – spring force increases linearly with deflection, while bump stops behave linearly at first, but as we approach the limit of travel, force required to compress the bump stop increases exponentially. The two vertical green dashed lines indicate how much compression of the front suspension we can expect under about 0.9g of cornering force and 750lbs of lateral weight transfer for the two spring choices.
(Note: This is just a good estimate of the amount of increase in loading and displacement you would see on an RCF under about 0.9g cornering force, the precise calculation depends on knowing the exact weight of the car, front/rear weight distribution, center of gravity height, track width, motion ratio of the suspension, and shock inclination angle).
Figure 1: Graphical representation of spring and bump stop curves
If we take the spring force/deflection curve and combine it with the bump stop force/deflection curve, we get two curves for each spring/bump stop combination (curves “a” and “b”), as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2: Comparison of force/bump curves for 900lb vs. 560lb springs
The following are important differences in the behavior of the softer vs. stiffer suspension derived from the graphical illustration above (and from actual track testing):
(1) When the lateral weight transfer of 750lbs is applied, the suspension with the stiffer springs (curve “a”) behaves completely linearly as the combined spring/bump stop curve closely follows a linear behavior (line “c”). The increase in loading on the wheels is more predictable and the driver has a better feel for the behavior of the car. Even as more than 750lbs load is applied to the spring/bump combo, we only see a minor deviation from linear spring loading. In the more softly spring suspension, you can see that after about 0.55″ of travel (see Figure 1), the force of the bump stops is starting to ramp up very quickly (beginning an exponential rather than linear ramp up). Any further increase in weight transfer and corning force results in non-linear bump travel and rapid non-linear increase in the effective spring rate (where the bump stop effectively takes over from the spring). This type of behavior typically induces severe at-the-limit understeer.
(2) Comparing points “e” and “f” under similar weight transfer, you can see that the more softly sprung car will roll more (more bump travel for the applied load). The only way to reduce roll without using stiffer springs is by either increasing the bump stop stiffness, or using a larger roll bar. Unfortunately, increasing the bump stop stiffness will only make the situation described in above worse (more non-linear behavior). Likewise, increasing roll bar stiffness has negative consequences as well, such as reducing the independent movement of the suspension and inducing inside wheel lift.
Ok, so some may ask, “doesn’t increasing the spring rate so much result in a harsh ride?”
No, not necessarily. This is where careful consideration of wheel rates and spring frequencies come into play. But the real advantage we have in designing a suspension that is both track-worthy and comfortable is the quality of the shocks we use, our ability to tune shock valving, and the incredible resource we have with our close interaction with Penske race engineers.
When you are traveling on a bumpy road, the shock is actually playing a more important role than the spring in terms of what you feel. Bumps on the road force the shock to travel at a high speed, due to the sudden impact of hitting something. Penske has done an amazing job at assisting us with shock valving. We achieved what is known as “digressive” rate curve, where the shock valving is set relatively soft at high shock travel speeds, making the ride over bumps very comfortable. Digressive valving also means that the shock valving at low shock speeds (low shock speeds occur when you change the direction of the car) is relatively hard, resulting in handling behavior that feels very responsive. There are other advantages to using the Penske 7500 shocks which we outline later in Part 5.
That said, some may ask, “Well, if increasing spring rates so much is so good, why doesn’t ever aftermarket coilover manufacturer do this?”
The higher you go with spring rates, the more energy the shock must absorb. More energy equals more heat and more stress. So now you need to use better materials to make the shock, and machine everything to higher tolerances and higher quality control procedures. All these things are what make Penske Shocks more expensive (not to mention their proprietary shock pistons designs and internals which are the same as found on their uber-expensive full race shocks). Utilizing higher spring rates on a lower quality shock results in reduced shock life/durability and inability to control the rebound energy of the suspension, thereby resulting in a bouncy ride.
There are other things that make our suspension better (other than the Penske shocks), such as our “True Rear Coilover” conversion, and the fact that we use an articulating upper spring perch to maintain co-axial spring loading of the shock absorber.
2. The True Rear Coilover Conversion
When Lexus re-designed the IS/GS/RC platform (3rd generation) they changed the rear suspension design from a rear coilover shock, to a divorced spring setup as shown in Figure 3 below. In a divorced spring setup, the spring no longer sits on the shock absorber, rather it is wedged between the lower control arm and the floor pan of the rear trunk. Manufacturers most likely do this out of space and noise considerations, but certainly not for performance!
Figure 3: Stock RCF Rear Suspension with “Divorced” Rear Springs
The main problem with a divorced spring rear suspension is the inability to adequately increase spring rates in the rear due to the reduced motion ratio of the inboard spring location. High spring rates are essential in taming the weight of a 3900lb Lexus RCF. In Figure 4 we illustrate the motion ratios of the spring when it is placed at the “divorced” inboard location, versus at the shock absorber (“the True Rear Coilover”).
Figure 4: Illustration of the Motion Ratios of the RCF Rear Suspension
Given our road and track testing on the RCF with our true rear coilovers, we found that a good spring rate choice for overall comfort and road/track performance was about 14kg at the rear shock absorber. If we plug into our motion ratio equation (see Figure 4), that would require a 22kg spring placed at the divorced spring location! To put that into perspective, one of our competitors makes an RCF “coilover” that utilizes 14kg rear divorced springs. Plugging into our motion ratio equation, we see that a 14kg divorced rear spring is equivalent to only 8.75kg at the shock absorber! That is nearly 40% softer then what we use on our coilover kit. While a 14kg divorced spring is stiffer than stock, it is inadequate and will result in a lowered suspension that relies on bump stops to reduce body roll. As we learned in Part 1, keeping the suspension off the bump stops maintains linear, predictable, and neutral handling behavior at the limit of tire adhesion.
So why can’t you just use a 22kg spring at the divorced spring location?
The problem becomes that in order to fit a spring with a rate that is so much higher than the stock spring, you have to make the spring much shorter in order to achieve lowering of the rear suspension. Problem is, when you shorten the springs, you also shorten the rear “droop” travel. Sufficient droop travel is essential in order to maintain stability over large bumps. Also, cars with insufficient droop travel tend to lift inside wheels during cornering, something that is not good for traction or stability. The other problem with shorter and stiffer springs is the high mismatch angle between the lower control arm and the spring, resulting in excessive bowing of the spring, and non-linear spring behavior. Spring bowing is much more problematic in very stiff springs compared to soft OEM springs.
3. Advantage of Using Articulating Upper Spherical Bearing Top-mounts and Lower Mounts.
Figure 5: Articulating vs. fixed top-plates
Another advantage of the RRRacing/Penske Coilover System is our top-plate design, which allows the spring to compress co-axially with respect to the shock absorber by utilizing an articulating top-plate to accommodate changes in the shock angle as the suspension moves. Making sure that the spring does not bow is essential in terms of maintaining spring rate linearity, shock absorber response, and long-term durability of the shock. Figure 5 above shows our articulating top-plates versus a competitor’s fixed upper top plates.
At stock ride height the upper top-plate is perpendicular to the shock motion axis. But as we lower the car, or as the suspension moves during cornering or bumps, a misalignment angle develops between the shock axis, and the upper top-plate. Figure 6 illustrates what happens when a spring bows due to angular displacement of the shock absorber when upper top-plates are fixed. If we make a quick approximation of the amount of lateral loading experienced by the shock at full compression with a simple vector analysis, we can see that the shock can easily see lateral loads of up to 47lbs. Lateral loading restricts the movement of the shock piston and results in reduced sensitivity, and increased wear/deterioration of shock performance over time.
Figure 6: Approximate calculation of lateral shock load component induced by spring bow & misalignment
(Note: In reality, a spring axis of force is not perfectly co-axial even when the upper and lower perches are aligned).
Another contribution to lateral shock loading is the rubber mounted lower mount bushing used by our competitors. While we offer polyurethane lower shock mounts, we recommend that our customers retain the Aurora spherical bearings that are standard with our coilover kits. For most performance minded enthusiasts, the slight increase in noise over rough roads is easily worth the added performance benefit of the spherical bearing lower shock mounts.
4. Advantage of Using Dual Springs versus “Pre-loaded” Springs.
When designing height adjustable coilovers, there are two options: (1) Single preloaded spring with height adjustable lower collar, and what we use (2) Dual main & helper springs (see Figure 5).
Pre-loaded coilovers are typically used for mass-market street applications because they allow use of a single shock body over a wide product range (since the shock body can be lengthened or shortened per the application rather than making many different length shocks). The other advantage of the pre-loaded setup for mass-market application is that it only requires 1 spring per shock, thereby saving cost of helper springs and spring couplers.
The problem with pre-loaded coilovers is that as you increase the spring rates for reasons we outlined in Part 1, you reduce the suspension’s “droop” travel. Droop travel is defined as the distance that your wheel drops when your car is lifted. OEM suspension springs are typically pre-loaded, but they are very soft, so they maintain sufficient droop travel.
Let’s take an example of an OEM suspension with 450lb spring versus an aftermarket high performance suspension with 900lb springs. If the sprung corner weight of the car is 900lbs, then we would expect that the OEM spring will compress 2 inches under the weight of the car, while the high performance suspension will compress about 1 inch. Consequently, the aftermarket suspension will have about ½ the droop travel of the OEM suspension. In reality, the suspension with 900lb pre-loaded springs will have less than 1” droop travel (measured at the shock) because some travel is taken up by the pre-load compression of the spring.
All our coilovers use helper springs in addition to main springs. The helper spring has a relatively low spring rate, about 50-100lbs and is designed to allow the main spring to completely de-compress when the wheel is at full droop, without the main spring coming loose. In most cases, using helper springs increases droop about 1-1.5” over a pre-loaded single spring setup.
Sufficient droop travel is critical to maintain stability and wheel contact with the road over large road bumps and track curbing. In some cases droop is so limited that wheels will actually lift under hard cornering as shown in Figure 6 below.
Figure 7: Insufficient droop travel results in wheel lift during hard cornering
The bottom line is that a road car needs ample droop travel to maintain traction and stability over uneven roads, more than most aftermarket coilovers allow, but maybe not as much as the rally car in Figure 7!
5. The Penske 7500 Series Shock vs. the Competition
Unfortunately, in recent years, the coilover market has become saturated with cheap low cost imported coilovers. These coilovers have lots of features on paper, but ultimately do not come close to the performance achieved with the Penske 7500 series shock.
To try to counteract the cheap coilover trend, certain Swedish, Japanese, and German companies market premium “road and track” coilovers. Unfortunately, their street offerings are actually designed around lower cost shocks which are colored the same as their uber-expensive racing products, but ultimately lack the standout design features that give them their racing reputation!
The way we view it, it’s kind of like a “bait and switch” tactic…. but if you are in the market for a $3000 coilover, shouldn’t you get the real thing?
So what makes Penske 7500 series shocks the “real thing?”:
- The 7500 shock internals, from their piston design to their head valve are the same as used in their high end 8760 and 8780 championship winning racing products. The 7500 series shocks, while designed as a road & track offering, are actually raced in many forms of professional motorsports.
- Many professional racing teams can get imported “race” shocks for free, but they choose to buy Penskes.
- Penske shocks are 100% hand built and manufactured in the USA. Penske 7500 Series shocks are built in the same facility, and by the same techs who build IndyCAR, NASCAR, and all their race product – no “bait and switch” Psst… those “Swedish” road and track shocks are actually made in Thailand.
- Every Penske 7500 series shock is dyno tested after assembly. This ensures that every shock behaves precisely per the specification sheet – no mass production here.
- Durability and spares support: In the event of an accident or damage to your shock, the Penske Racing Shocks Headquarters in Reading, PA stocks ALL the spare parts necessary to rebuild and repair your shocks. With that kind of support, your shocks will outlast your car!
- Penske 7500DA shocks offer independent compression and rebound adjustment. This feature is critical to perfectly dialing in your car for the track, or for street comfort.
- At RR-Racing we spec out our 7500DA shocks to custom lengths. Our completion uses a “stock” length shock with a threaded lower shock mount. By maximizing the lengths of our shocks, we increase the oil volume for improved durability and performance over a large temperature range.
- Penske shocks utilize a dual flow valve similar to other high end monotube shocks, but in addition to that, Penske shocks feature a unique head valve (see Figure 8) allows for reduced internal gas pressure. In a conventional monotube gas pressurized shock, high gas pressure is used in order to reduce aeration of the shock fluid, also known as “cavitation.” However, while gas pressure is beneficial in reducing cavitation, excess pressure can reduce the response time and sensitivity of the shock. The Penske 7500 shock is designed with a head valve and effectively acts as an inline dual reservoir shock. The head valve and inline reservoir design allow Penske engineers to use lower gas pressures for increased sensitivity, reduced internal friction, improved damping performance over a wider temperature range, improved durability, and reduced weight.
6. Adjusting your Penske 7500DA shocks
Track Tuning for Road Racing
This adjuster is typically used when looking to improve the car over bumps. If your vehicle is hitting a certain bump that is causing the vehicle to “unload” the tire, simply soften the compression adjustment. This will allow the shock to absorb the bump, there keeping the vehicle more stable and making the car more controllable.
You can also use this adjuster to help in controlling the “platform” of the car, or the body roll. Example‐ If you are entering a corner and under braking the front of the car is diving to quickly or the weight being transferred from the back to the front is too much, simply close the compression adjuster on the front to slow that weight transfer down.
The rebound adjuster is a great tool for tuning body roll. This is a much more driver sensitive adjustment than the compression. If you want to slow the pitch of your car from the back to the front, simply close the rebound off, this will slow the weight transfer.
When you are accelerating off a corner, getting weight transfer to the rear tires is very important for grip or “forward bite” as its referred to sometime. By softening the front rebound, this will allow for quicker weight transfer to the rear tires, resulting is better rear grip. Be careful though, by allowing to much weight transfer to the rear, you may cause a loss of front grip, resulting in an “under steer” or “tight” condition.
Important!! You can over adjust. Always have a baseline to go back to!!!
Track Tuning for Drag Racing
Normal adjustment steps for Drag Racing:
Compression: Adjust 5 clicks at a time.
Rebound: Adjust ¼ turn at time.
To Increase Rear Traction:
Soften rear compression and stiffen rear rebound. Soften front rebound. This will allow your car to “squat” transferring traction to the rear wheels!


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Tuning your car with a TDI-Tuning Box
The TDI-Tuning Box is compatible with most modifications. This is because sensor readings are adjusted before going to the ECU. The vehicle ECU is programmed by the manufacturer, so they are ultimately deciding what performance levels the car is capable of. A TDI-Tuning Box is an ideal performance modification for your vehicle, but, what modifications are compatible with the tuning box?
So what types of modifications are compatible?
A lot. A TDI-Tuning Box does come programmed for a standard engine, but some modifications will not prevent the use of a chip tuning box. Most of the modifications below ARE compatible with a TDI-Tuning Box. If you would like to inform us of any modifications we will also be able to adjust the tune on the TDI-Tuning Box.
Suspension and chassis modifications:
These types of modifications will not affect the TDI-Tuning Box and how it performs. It goes without saying that changing something mechanical like a spring on a suspension component, will not be an issue with a TDI-Tuning Box. The tuning box we offer alters sensor readings under the bonnet using an OEM harness.
Just like suspension and chassis modifications, these types of modifications can be used with a TDI-Tuning Box. We are referring to spoilers, splitters, wind deflectors, and everything that can be stuck on to your vehicle. They do not alter the fuelling or air ratios of your engine, so they are perfectly fine to use.
Airflow and fuelling modifications:
Non-standard air filters like K&N Panel Filters and other branded panel filters will work fine with a TDI-Tuning Box. This also includes cone filters and full air intake systems. The TDI-Tuning Box does adjust boost pressures, and needless to say, this involves air. But the increased airflow only benefits the TDI-Tuning Box.
Exhaust upgrades are perfectly fine, this includes cat-back systems, sports cat systems, and everything in between. Yes, you can have a straight pipe exhaust and a TDI-Tuning Box. It's so un-restrictive that the TDI-Tuning Box will actually work better with this type of modification. Less restriction of airflow = more power. While we are on the topic of exhausts, EGR and DPF deletes, all work with the TDI-Tuning Box.
Upgraded intercoolers will work fine with a TDI-Tuning Box. The intercooler in your vehicle is there to cool the inlet gas, densifying the air. Denser air will optimise combustion, so this type of upgrade is ok to use with a TDI-Tuning Box. With the denser air and the optimised sensor readings, the TDI-Tuning Box will normally perform even better.
Some modifications will not work with a TDI-Tuning Box. If you have upgraded your turbocharger or supercharger from the one that was factory fitted. These types of modification would be considered quite a big change. So, if you are adjusting or upgrading these, then we would suggest getting a full ECU remap.
Software modifications / ECU modifications (Stage 1, 2 and 3):
We offer the same results as a Stage 1 remap, but if your car is already remapped, it does not make it a Stage 2. The parameters of the engine are carefully mapped out by the manufacturer; our tuning box would not create any more power if you already have the ECU tuned. Lots of security systems are hard wired into the car, the TDI-Tuning Box will work with upgraded security systems. These include upgraded alarm, and any ghost systems you can buy.
All the modifications below are compatible with a TDI-Tuning Box.
Air intake system / filters
Suspension and chassis upgrades
DPF and EGR deletes
Do you have a modified car and want to tune it with a TDI-Tuning Box? You simply need to ask our knowledgeable team if we can tune it. There is a very good chance that we can. Even if we have to modify the performance mapping on the TDI-Tuning Box.

domain: automotive


text: Welcome to our online car seat cover shop, where we offer a wide selection of high-quality, custom fit car seat covers for various makes and models. In this category, we are proud to present our range of Hyundai Ioniq custom fit car seat covers. Designed specifically for the Hyundai Ioniq, our custom fit car seat covers are the perfect way to protect and enhance the interior of your vehicle. Whether you are looking to preserve your car's seats from daily wear and tear or simply want to give your Hyundai Ioniq a stylish makeover, our seat covers are the ideal solution. We understand that every car owner has unique preferences and requirements. That's why we offer a diverse range of car seat cover options for the Hyundai Ioniq. From sleek and elegant designs to sporty and vibrant patterns, you are sure to find the perfect seat covers to match your personal style. Crafted with precision and attention to detail, our Hyundai Ioniq custom fit car seat covers are made from high-quality materials that are durable, comfortable, and easy to clean. We believe in offering only the best products to our customers, and our seat covers are no exception. They are designed to withstand the rigors of daily use while providing a snug and secure fit for your Hyundai Ioniq seats. Not only do our custom fit car seat covers protect your car's interior, but they also provide additional comfort and support. With added padding and ergonomic designs, our seat covers ensure a pleasant driving experience, even on long journeys. Moreover, they are engineered to be airbag compatible, guaranteeing your safety and peace of mind. Ordering your Hyundai Ioniq custom fit car seat covers from our online shop is quick and hassle-free. Simply select your desired design, choose your preferred color, and provide the necessary details about your Hyundai Ioniq model. Our team will then carefully customize your seat covers to perfectly fit your vehicle. At our online car seat cover shop, we are committed to providing exceptional customer service. Our knowledgeable and friendly team is always ready to assist you in finding the right seat covers for your Hyundai Ioniq or address any queries you may have. Enhance the comfort, protection, and style of your Hyundai Ioniq with our custom fit car seat covers. Explore our extensive collection today and give your car's interior a personalized touch that reflects your unique taste.


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- This Mini Tire Pressure Gauge with easy-to-read LCD screen is used to monitor your tyre pressure, thereby extending tire life, increasing fuel efficiency and ensuring your safety.
- It is suitable for measuring tire air pressure of cars, motorcycles, etc.
- LCD screen display with backlit for easy reading
- Three units available: PSI, KPA, BAR
- Small portable design, easy to hold and operate
- Accurate and quick measuring, reliable to use
- With anti-skid rubber handle
- Manual power on/off and auto power off for power saving


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Active park assist with parktronic system, AMG speed sensitive sports steering, Attention assist, Bluetooth system, Collision prevention assist plus, DYNAMIC SELECT with a choice of driving modes (ECO, Comfort, Sport, Sport+ and Individual), Low fluid warning light, Outside temperature gauge, ...
location_onBradford, England, West Yorkshire, BD8 9AA, United Kingdom
2019 Mercedes-Benz CLA Cla 200 Amg Line 4Dr Tip Auto
Adjustable Steering Column/Wheel,Air-Conditioning,Climate Control,Electric Windows (Front/Rear),In Car Entertainment (Radio/Cassette),Seats Electric (Driver),Automatic Transmission with Cruise Control,Sports Suspension Setting,Alloy Wheels (16in),Mirrors External
location_onStockport, Woodford, England, SK7 1RA, United Kingdom
2013 MERCEDES-BENZ CLA 2.1 CLA220 CDI AMG SPORT 4DR AUTO 170 BHP
Finished in a stunning cosmos metallic black styled with 18" alloys. Upon opening the drivers door you are presented with half black leather interior, full service history, bluetooth, heated sport seats, cruise control, xenon lights, AMG styling package, multi functional steering ...
location_onManchester Road, Stockport, England, Greater Manchester, SK4 5EA, United Kingdom


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We will ask you a few questions to match you with the best local pros
Where do you need the service?
Are you the owner of this business?
Your claimed business gives you total control of managing your profile.
MX-TECH MOTORSPORTS is also now a Lucas Oil Products Distributor and Rocky Mountain ATV/MC parts dealer
Pick up service is now available!! Ask for rates and information
Do you need suspension work done, do you need a top end rebuild or something as simple as a Carb rebuild or valve adjustment for the 4 stroke thumpers! If so I possess the skills and knowledge to get you back on the road or the track! I have 17 years experience with motocross bikes, 2 and 4 stroke and 9 years of street bike experience, that includes Harley Davidson. I am professional, customer service oriented and work with high expectations and integrity.
Prices starting as low as:
Fork seal replacement $75
Carb Rebuild $50
Top End Replacement $100
Valve Adjustment $50
Call today and let's do business to get you back on the bike!


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Select Rental City BANGALORE CHENNAI HYDERABAD KOLKATA MUMBAI NEW DELHI PUNE AGRA AHEMADABAD AMRITSAR AURANGABAD BHAVNAGAR BHOPAL BHUJ CALICUT CHANDIGARH COCHIN COIMBATORE Карта Нью-Дели. Национальный флаг Индия.Расстояния от Нью-Дели, Индия. Информационные материалы - Индия. Денежная единица Индия, Индийская рупия. Car Rental in New Delhi: Fascinating District of the Capital of India.Hire an automobile and take to the streets to get to know the frustrations and splendor of city living in India most intimately, with visits to the old city markets, colonial-era government buildings, and the Gurgaon. We do not support landscape mode, Please use the app in portrait mode for best experience. Car Hire in New Delhi. Map of New Delhi rental locations.In India, cars with a mechanic transmission and a petrol engine are less expensive than vehicles with an automatic transmission and a diesel engine. New Delhi, Old Delhi, Agra, Noida etc. IndiaCarRents.Com, 3/0975, Bellimaran Street, Chandni Chawk, Delhi - 110006 Delhi, INDIA Reservation Phone : (91)9447001010. OUR NEW TOURS View All.Car Rental India - Bhavya Holidays Pvt Ltd.
Tour Operators and Travel Agents based in New Delhi. Search for car rental. Top Locations in India.So what will you get for your money when booking your New Delhi Airport car hire? Indian Car Rental do provide luxury vans, bus, coach, cars for day trips, family outings, airport transfers, railway transfers, school outings, group tours, corporate travel, and explore different cities of India, such as, New DelhiTaxi Hire Gurugram. Car hire in Udaipur. Jodhpur Car Rental Service. Сar hire in New Delhi. You can see more if you have a car.New Delhi When traveling through India be sure to visit its capital! New Delhi is one of the most ancient cities in the world, along with Jerusalem, of course. Car Rental Agency from India offers booking of all India tour by car, India travel, India car rental services, rent a car or taxi in India, India tours, cars in India along with Delhi airport taxi service Punjabi dropping. Book your Delhi car rental now pay at pick up! Expedia partners with 55 suppliers for the lowest prices.The LaLiT New Delhi. WelcomHotel Dwarka - Member ITC Hotel Group. Radisson Blu Plaza Delhi Airport. Our Car Rental Services. Hire Car in Delhi.Short About Us. We are simply a team of Car and Drivers service providers and package booking transportation options in New Delhi India Cheap car rental Delhi: Search and compare all car hire companies and car rental brokers for Delhi car rentals. Save time and money on your India trip.Nederland. Bolivia. New Zealand. Brasil. Norge. Thus, self-drive car rental Delhi is not a new culture in the capital city.
Hiring a self-drive car from Avis is an easy and a simplified process. Just log in on Avis India website or mobile app, enter your origin destination, select your preferred car from the list of available cars and make your booking at Car Rental India Delhi is a friendly and reliable travel agency which has been providing the best services to the travelers ever since its inception in the year 1988.Car Hire in Delhi is one of the most reliable car rental agency that assures you a comfortable and safe journey. With a number of hire car locations available throughout India, car rental with holiday autos couldnt be easier. Holiday autos provides car rental locations from all major airports and downtown offices in and around New Delhi airport allowing you the opportunity and freedom to explore India. Wedding car hire Delhi is one of the New Delhi car Rental Company certified with ISO 9001 2015 and recognized by Ministry of Tourism (Govt. of India) State Govt. of Delhi. We are providing luxury wedding car rental services in the country hire, Delhi budget car hire, Cheap Car Hire Delhi is our daily routine work.Car Hire New Delhi has its own Luxurious cars Deluxe Buses and Volvos both air-conditioned and non air-conditioned for traveling in India with 24x7 online booking facility. Query Form. Car rental in India is very different than renting a car in many other parts of the world.We were the first to introduce Mercedes Benz S500 car for rent in Delhi and you can hire Audi carsSo really thank you very much And may be in the future we will meet again for a new tour. Cheap car rentals in New Delhi, India. Search for a car rental.Were surprised you havent picked out that car rental already, with New Delhis good people, good food, and plentiful things to experience. Volercars is Indias most trusted and recommended car rental services with doorstep car delivery! Hassle free booking No hidden Charges. All India Permit|247 Road Assistance.You can choose and rent a car in Delhi, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Pune, Ahmedabad and Mysore. India Car Rental, Нью-Дели: просмотрите отзывы (9 шт.), статьи и 4 фотографий India Car Rental, с рейтингом 296 на сайте TripAdvisor среди 581 достопримечательностей в Нью-Дели.Doug H New York, New York, United States. Car on rent in delhi. Zoomcar allows you to hire a rental or self-drive car of your choice at an affordable rate. Sign up on our website or mobile app, and decide on the rental duration, pickup location, and car type.budget cars, luxury or deluxe taxi rental with unmatched quality and experience at best prices at New Delhi, Agra, Bangalore, Goa, Jaipur, Mumbai, Kolkata andWe offer experienced English speaking chauffeur driven car rental services and guaranteed coach tours in India. Hiring of Car available for You can compare offers from leading car hire suppliers like Avis, Europcar, Sixt or Thrifty as well as budget rental deals from Holiday Autos, Budget, Economy, EasyCar, or 121 carhire.Length of your New Delhi, Delhi, India car rental. Sometimes it is not possible to rent a car for less then three days. Why use Airport Rentals Car Hire?New Delhi Airport. India. Compare 1 car rental brands. All New Delhi Restaurants. Restaurants near Car Travel India.Our elegant car rental services command an exclusively opulent fleet of vehicles comprising of sedan, MUV, SUV cars, buses, and coaches. Compare prices on car hire in New Delhi from all the major brands and find the best deals.The city is centrally located in the northern part of India and was built between 1912 and 1929. In 1931, New Delhi officially the capital and took over the status of Calcutta. Car Rental Delhi!Rental Packages. Remember, you should always hire a car from a reputed, licensed and registered rental agency.Weather Info on Delhi Car Rental. New Delhi Weather Forecast, India. What to Know Before You Rent a Car? Дели (New Delhi). При бронировании аренды автомобиля в Дели, вы можете взять напрокат авто с водителем. Дели (New Delhi) - второй по величине мегаполис Индии, имеющий статус союзной территории (Национальный столичный округ Дели). New Delhi is a major transport gateway into India and visitors will find a range of convenient and affordable travel options.In general, most car rental firms hire vehicles for periods of three days or more. Our company Car rental Delhi India agency to help you find the best car hire for your journey with a selection of car sizes and proper pick-up andmodel luxury cars, mini vans, buses coaches with trustworthy and experienced drivers for travel around in New Delhi, Agra, Rajasthan all over India. Our company offers cost effective car rental packages in the most hassle free manner.We specialize in providing economical travel solutions and also organize group travel for our clients operating from Delhi, India. New Delhi Car Hire - Did You Know?The capital of India, New Delhi has a population of over 20 millionMonsoons are common in New Delhi and the climate varies a lot throughout the year Driver India Private Tours provides affordable car rental services in New Delhi. Get our relaible Delhi Agra taxi services at the best prices.Why hire car from Driver India Private Tours. New Delhi- the capital city of India.The easiest and the most comfortable way to get around the city is hire a car with Cars Rental India which is one of the renowned car hiring companies of the country. Why book New Delhi Airport car rental at VIP Cars? All Inclusive Pricing. Rent a car at New Delhi Airport with pricing inclusive of CDW, Theft Waiver, Unlimited Mileage etc. We are Car Rentals Delhi, a Travel Agency delivering customers with premium and reliable tour packages and car rental services since 1995.We offer a variety of trips to North India, south India and Sri Lanka and you can customize your trips according to your needs. Места Нью-Дели Путешествия и транспорт Car Rental India Delhi.Carrentalindiadelhi.com offer car hire/rental in delhi with driver deals discounts for cheap rental car taxi/car hire service in delhi India, car rental in new delhi, rent a car delhi, car rental in delhi india, find the best car rental Транспортное движение в Нью-Дели регулируется внутренними ощущениями каждого водителя. Прокат авто в Нью-Дели — услуга не для слабонервных, так как движение в столице можно назвать неконтролируемым.


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12V 5A Motorcycle Car Battery Charger
- CHARGE DEAD BATTERIES: The car battery charger built with strong pulse repair technology to reverse the damaging effects when batteries are left uncharged for extended periods to improve battery performance and longevity.
- WIDE APPLICATION: Charge fully drained 12V Pb/SLA/GEL/AGM/VRLA/sealed lead-acid batteries and WET/FLOODED, the Automatic battery Charger is a great choice for Car, Motorcycle, ATV, RV, UTV, Powersport, Boat, Ride-on Toy, Golf Cart, Lawn Mower, and more devices. NOTE: Only work with a 12-volt battery, not compatible with 24-volt and 6-volt battery.
- LCD SCREEN: Using a backlit LCD display, clearly and visibly shows charging voltage, current, battery type, charging mode, and the percentage of power remaining. Allow quick and easy to use the trickle charger in the dark or at night.
- BEYOND MAINTENANCE: It's a trickle charger and also an advanced battery maintainer, a fully-automatic, worry-free car battery charger for daily use.
- SAFETY GUARANTEE: Multi-protection against Reverse Polarity, Short Circuit, Over Voltage/Current, over Charge/Discharge, overload, overheat; Spark proof during lead connection, the automatic battery trickle charger is full-loaded and burn-in test proves its stable performance and high reliability.
Select the required charging voltage(6v/12v) and the microprocessor-controlled charger will automatically complete the rest of the work until the completion of the charging cycle and to trickle up the battery.
We are committed to providing the best customer services to our customers. If you have any questions about the 6v/12v 5a smart battery charger, just contact us and we will give you the most satisfactory solution! We attach great importance to every customer. Your satisfaction will be our greatest impetus.
- Automatic Stop after Full Charged:
- Stops charging automatically when the battery is fully charged or topped off, switching to float mode monitoring.
- Good Cooling System:
- 16-layer fin cooling aluminum sheets and fans are used for cooling, which makes the cooling performance more powerful!
- Smart protection:
- The battery charger offers safety features including reverse-polarity protection, over-current protection, overload protection, over-voltage protection, over-charge protection, and over-temperature protection.
ABS Flame-retardant Shell:
Made of ABS flame-retardant material, insulated, flame retardant, and high-temperature resistance, ensure charging safety.
Pure Copper Alligator Clips:
Ensured a constant output and non-heating for a long time charging.
Convenient store and carry.
Use: Standard Battery
Quick charge: Yes
Display screen: Yes
Intelligent Charge: Yes
Model Number: FBC1205D


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Tires are a driver’s first and only contact with the road, transferring actions such as steering, braking, accelerating, and turning. They are specifically chosen for each vehicle, making tires one of the most important safety features on a car, truck, or crossover. They mainly determine the braking distance (also called the stopping distance, is the distance a vehicle covers from the time of the full application of its brakes until it has stopped moving. This is often given as a 100-0kph distance, e.g. 56.2m, and is measured on dry pavement.) or the success of a sudden maneuver.
MC PLUS Gdańsk offers a wide range of summer, winter and all-season tires, also for a specific tire dimension. Are you interested in 14 inch summer tires, 16 inch all-season tires, or maybe 15 inch winter tires? In MC Plus Gdańsk Tire Service you will find models for every season for almost every type of vehicle. Regardless of whether you are driving a passenger car, SUV, off-road car or delivery van. In addition to the standard equipment for the most popular vehicles, we also have tires for luxury, exclusive cars and run-flat tires.
Tire tread patterns and their many uses:
- TIRES WITH SYMMETRIC TREAD PATTERN – The most common tread pattern in use on passenger tires is the symmetric tread pattern. In these types of patterns, the outer and inner sides of the tread are symmetric—that is, they are mirror images of one another. The tread blocks form continuous ribs around the tire. Tires with a symmetric tread may use any type of rotation method – front-to-back, modified X or full X.
- TIRES WITH ASYMMETRIC TREAD PATTERN – Another tread type found on passenger tires is the asymmetric pattern. In these types of patterns, the inner and outer halves of the tread are designed with different channels and tread blocks. This design is intended to enhance performance such as water dispersal or dry grip and snow traction.
- TIRES WITH DIRECTIONAL TREAD PATTERNS – Some tire tread patterns are designed for rolling in a unidirectional way, meaning in only one direction. These are called directional tread patterns and are often found in high-performance tires and winter tires. This V-shaped tread pattern helps move water more efficiently from under the contact patch to help boost hydroplaning resistance at higher speeds. Since the channels only work if mounted with the V’s oriented correctly, once the tire is mounted, directional tires can only be rotated using a front-to-back and back-to-front pattern. Directional tires will feature an arrow on the sidewall indicating which direction they need to roll when mounted on the car.
If you are looking for tires from your favorite manufacturer, you will find them here. Barum, Bridgestone, Continental, Dayton, Dębica, Dunlop, Fulda, Goodyear, Hankook, Kleber, Michelin, Nokian, Pirelli, Uniroyal – these are just a dozen brands from among many present in our offer. Apart from the premium class offer, you can also choose cheap tires from less known brands. If you plan to replace the whole wheels, you can also buy steel or aluminum rims at MC Plus Gdańsk Tire Service.
In the offer of our store you will find not only popular sizes, such as: 205/55 R16, 195/65 R15, 225/45 R17, 175/65 R14, 185/65 R15, 205/60 R16, but also less common sizes valued by automotive specialists.
We offer only the highest quality products, supplying ourselves with the most modern factories from all over Europe. MC Plus Gdańsk is not only tire repair service, but also a knowledge base about tires. Thanks to us, you will travel safer.


text: Loveland Ford Lincoln is offering this 2013 Cadillac Escalade ESV and in Black Raven and Ebony/Ebony Accents Leather. GPS Nav! AWD! There is no better time than now to buy this attractive 2013 Cadillac Escalade ESV. The quality of this terrific Escalade ESV is sure to make it a favorite among our educated buyers. Located in Loveland CO, but also serving the greater Denver area, including Highlands Ranch, Broomfield, Longmont, Boulder, Parker, and Thornton.


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The Toyota Tacoma is a top midsize pickup vehicle, but it’s not complacent. The 2024 Toyota Tacoma has a new look, interior, electronics, and, most notably, hybrid drivetrain. All about the 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid.
2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid Engine & Power
The 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid is a new model featuring a turbocharged 2.4-liter four-cylinder engine, 1.9-kWh battery pack, and 48-hp electric motor. Its 326 horsepower and 465 lb-ft of torque make it the most powerful Tacoma and one of the most powerful midsize trucks. While improving performance and towing, the hybrid system minimizes pollutants and fuel consumption.
The 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid is offered in TRD Sport, TRD Off Road, Limited, TRD Pro, and the new Trailhunter trims. The hybrid system replaces the 278-hp, 265-lb-ft 3.5-liter V6 engine.
Positive of the 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid?
The 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid outperforms the gasoline-powered model in various ways.
The hybrid system adds approximately 50 horsepower and 200 lb-ft of torque to the Tacoma, improving acceleration, passing, and towing.
Toyota claims the hybrid technology boosts Tacoma fuel economy by 20%. We anticipate the V6’s 19 mpg city and 24 mpg highway EPA numbers to be far higher.
People Also Reading This : Best Hybrid Cars
The Tacoma’s hybrid powertrain minimises CO2 emissions and exhaust pollutants. At low speeds or while coasting, the Tacoma can operate on electric power alone, conserving fuel and decreasing noise.
Off-road performance: The hybrid system delivers fast torque, superior traction control, and smoother power delivery to the Tacoma. The hybrid system works with the four-wheel-drive, transfer case, locking differentials, and crawl control to handle any terrain.
2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid features?
Features like: A new external design with a bigger grille, LED headlights, reworked bumpers, fender flares, and wheel choices.
A redesigned interior with greater room, comfort, and technology, including a bigger touchscreen infotainment system with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, wireless charging, a digital instrument cluster, a head-up display, heated and ventilated seats, a panoramic sunroof, and more.
Also Read : 2024 Chevy Equinox EV: This is Perfect EV
A new Trailhunter grade with skid plates, tow hooks, all-terrain tyres, Bilstein shocks, rock rails, and snorkel. The unique i-Force MAX insignia separates the hybrid Tacoma from others.
Adaptive cruise control, lane keep assist, blind spot monitor, rear cross traffic alert, front collision warning, automated emergency braking, and more.
2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid release date in US?
US sales of the 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid are scheduled in late 2023 or early 2024. We anticipate it to cost more than V6-powered Tacomas.
When will the 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid be available?
The 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid is expected to go on sale in late 2023 or early 2024 in the US market. The exact pricing and availability details are not yet announced, but we expect it to be slightly more expensive than the current V6-powered Tacomas.
How does the 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid compare to its rivals?
The 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid faces some tough competition from other midsize trucks in the market, such as:
|Ford Ranger Raptor
|3.0-liter twin-turbo V6
|Chevrolet Colorado ZR2
|Nissan Frontier Pro-4X
|Honda Ridgeline RTL-E
As you can see, the 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid has a crucial advantage over its rivals in terms of power and torque, and likely in terms of fuel economy as well. The only truck that comes close is the Ford Ranger Raptor, which is not yet available in the US market and may be more expensive than the Tacoma. The Tacoma also has a reputation for reliability, durability and resale value that is hard to beat.
The 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid is a game-changer for the midsize truck segment, offering a combination of power, efficiency and capability that is unmatched by its competitors. The Tacoma also benefits from a new design, a new interior, a new off-road trim and a new hybrid badge that make it more attractive and modern than ever. If you are looking for a versatile, comfortable and powerful truck that can handle any road or trail, the 2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid should be on your radar..


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Scott Drake 6-Bolt 14" Wood and Aluminum Corso Feroce Shelby-Style Steering Wheel for all 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972 and 1973 Mustangs.
Your steering wheel is the focal point of your classic, 1965-1973 Mustang’s interior. It is also the area that sees the most daily wear and tear since it can get grimy from years of handling. If you are still driving around with your original, dingy steering wheel, it might be time to get a replacement. CJ Pony Parts caries a Scott Drake S1MS-3600-WG146 reproduction 6-Bolt 14-inch Wood and Aluminum Corso Feroce Shelby-Style Steering Wheel, which fits all 1965-1973 Mustangs. Whether you’re replacing the steering wheel in your 1965 Shelby GT350 or adding a little something different to your classic ‘Stang, this almost-exact reproduction is an easy way to clean up your vehicle’s interior.
Features and Benefits:
- High-quality, Scott Drake reproduction of the 1965 Shelby GT350 steering wheel
- Improved, functional horn button
- 14-inch diameter wheel
- Made with polished aluminum and hand-rubbed marine mahogany
- Handcrafted in the U.S.A exclusively for Scott Drake
- Works on any 1965-1973 Mustang
- Requires 6-bolt steering wheel adapter
This high-quality, Scott Drake reproduction of the original, factory 1965 Shelby GT350’s steering wheel is an almost exact replica. Scott Drake made a huge improvement to the original design by making the horn button more functional. With a 14-inch diameter, this steering wheel is made with polished aluminum spokes and hand-rubbed marine mahogany on the wheel. The steering wheel was handcrafted in the U.S.A. exclusively for Scott Drake. Though it is a reproduction of the 1965 Shelby GT350 steering wheel, it works on any 1965-1973 Mustang with an installable 6-bolt steering wheel adapter.
Please Note: This steering wheel can be used on any 1965-1973 Mustang when used with the correct, matching, 6-bolt steering wheel adapter.
*Column adapter, horn button and horn button emblem sold separately.
*Mounting hardware NOT included.
Order a Scott Drake S1MS-3600-WG146 6-Bolt 14" Wood and Aluminum Corso Feroce Shelby-Style Steering Wheel for your 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972 or 1973 Mustang from CJ Pony Parts today!
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Regular Price: $219.95
Special Price: $186.96
Scott Drake Steering Wheel Kit Corso Feroce Shelby Style Wood and Aluminum 14" 6-Bolt With Billet Adapter/Horn Button/Emblem 1965-1966
Regular Price: $335.99
Special Price: $285.59
Scott Drake Steering Wheel Kit Corso Feroce Shelby Style Wood and Aluminum 14" 6-Bolt With Billet Adapter/Horn Button/Emblem 1967-1973
Regular Price: $340.99
Special Price: $289.84
From:CJ's Low Price:$514.99
From:CJ's Low Price:$514.99
This steering wheel is the perfect part to finish off the restoration of your '65 Shelby Mustang or can be installed in any other classic Mustang, as well. The wheels are sold individually. We also offer them in kit form with the required adapters and horn buttons.


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Suv Demo Models For Sale 2018 Dodge Reviews. XClose. Previous. Next.Honda Crv For Sale Perth Wa New Honda Cr V 2015 Australia. XClose. Previous. Showcase your best models and deals in the right light.Get your sales through the roof and generate new leads by purchasing one of our Car Dealer Website Templates.Live Demo. ProCar - Car Parts Multipage HTML. Search our stock to get the best price on new Ford, demonstrator and quality used cars for sale.Browse Our Demo Cars. What Is My Car Worth Perth WA. Sell or Trade My Car .Model. Huge range of used private and trade cars for sale near you.
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2004 KTM 65 SX specifications, pictures, reviews and rating
Picture credits - KTM. Click to submit more pictures.
|KTM's profilation of this bike|
|So uncompromising like the big bikes, not only in appearance. For junior world champions ages 9 and up. With adequate competition chassis, disc brakes front and rear, liquid cooled racing engine with 6-gear shift mechanism and hydraulic clutch.|
|Model:||KTM 65 SX|
|Rating:||73 out of 100. Show full rating and compare with other bikes|
|Engine and transmission|
|Displacement:||64.89 ccm (3.96 cubic inches)|
|Engine type:||Single cylinder, two-stroke|
|Bore x stroke:||45.0 x 40.8 mm (1.8 x 1.6 inches)|
|Chassis, suspension, brakes and wheels|
|Frame type:||Chromium molybdenum central-type frame|
|Rake (fork angle):||25.5°|
|Front suspension:||USD Marzocchi Ø 35 mm|
|Rear suspension:||WP monoshock|
|Front brakes:||Single disc|
|Front brakes diameter:||216 mm (8.5 inches)|
|Rear brakes:||Single disc|
|Rear brakes diameter:||216 mm (8.5 inches)|
|Physical measures and capacities|
|Dry weight:||55.6 kg (122.6 pounds)|
|Seat height:||750 mm (29.5 inches) If adjustable, lowest setting.|
|Alternate seat height:||675 mm (26.6 inches) If adjustable, highest setting.|
|Ground clearance:||290 mm (11.4 inches)|
|Wheelbase:||1,137 mm (44.8 inches)|
|Fuel capacity:||3.30 litres (0.87 gallons)|
|Parts and accessories||Check out parts and accessories from our other partners.|
|Ask questions||Join the 04 KTM 65 SX discussion group.|
|Insurance, loans, tests||Check out approximate insurance costs here. Search the web for dealers, loan costs, tests, customizing, etc.|
|Related bikes||List related bikes for comparison of specs|
Sell or buy used bikes?Bikez.biz has an efficient motorcycle classifieds. Ads are free. Click here to sell a used 2004 KTM 65 SX or advertise any other MC for sale. You can list all 2004 KTM 65 SX available and also sign up for e-mail notification when such bikes are advertised in the future. Bikez has a high number of users looking for used bikes.
Before you buy this bike, you should view the list of related motorbikes Compare technical specs. Look at photos. And check out the rating of the bike's engine performance, repair costs, etc.
|Rating sample for this KTM bike|
Racing track capabilities for the 2004 KTM 65 SX:
(84.5 out of 100)
Click here for complete rating. You can also compare bikes.
Pictures, trademarks and logos of third parties are exclusive property of the respective owners. Technical specifications are subject to change without notice. Bikez.com has been developed by low-cost software development company ObjectLabs.


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Against market expectations, 6% more new cars and 20% more used cars were sold on finance in January than the year before, according to new statistics from the Finance & Leasing Association, the trade body for the motor finance industry.
Many dealers were offering low and zero percent finance deals on cars in January, helping people to buy new and used cars and reduce the impact of the VAT rise. But this growth needs to be seen against the particularly low level of sales in January 2010 in both the new and used car markets.
Dealer finance is still the most popular way to buy a new car, with 53% of buyers choosing this option in the last 12 months, up 0.9% on last month and the highest penetration rate since June 2009.
Commenting on January’s motor finance figures, Paul Harrison, Head of Motor Finance, said:
“New and used car finance sales in January exceeded market expectations. In addition to the flexibility offered by dealer finance, there were good, low-interest rate deals available which contributed to the unexpected growth. January’s figures should, however, be viewed with caution, as the economic outlook in 2011 remains uncertain.
“More and more customers are turning to personal contract purchase agreements because of the flexibility this provides. Customers do not have to commit to buying the vehicle outright if they do not want to, and can hand the keys back and walk away once all payments have been made. PCP deals accounted for 60% of the credit advanced for new cars in 2010.”


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Approved used cars with 12 months warranty and roadside assistance
The smartest way to buy a Used Volvo - we select only the best available cars, we improve them through Volvo approved checks and then make them even better with the latest software upgrades.
The multi-award winning compact SUV
Meet the new Volvo XC40
The small SUV that’s big on innovation. With expressive design, ingenious storage and smart technology.
Tony Jones - General Manager
Welcome to Kastner Barnstaple, for Sales and Aftersales care of New and Used Volvo cars set in the heart of Devon
Welcome to Kastner Barnstaple - For all your Volvo needs and for Sales and Aftersales care of New and Used Volvo cars.
We have a dedicated Business Sales Manager for all your Business car and Fleet requirements.
We carry out Servicing, Repairs, Bodywork, Tyre fitment and MOT's with free collection and delivery within our area and courtesy cars by appointment.
In 1927, the founders of Volvo established a commitment to safety that was born of a simple observation: Cars are driven by people. Over time, this commitment established three core Volvo values: Safety, Quality and Respect for the environment. Today, these values define everything that was Volvo, is Volvo and will be Volvo.
Our Aftersales team includes two factory trained Technicians. Their extensive experience ensures that your Volvo is in the best of hands whether it is with us for competitively priced servicing and repairs or seasonal checks. We have advanced Volvo diagnostic equipment on site which enables us to link your Volvo to the Volvo technical centre in Sweden if required. Our investment in training and technology will help keep your car as Volvo intended.
How much does it cost to service your Volvo?
Regularly servicing your Volvo at an authorised Volvo Dealer ensures a trouble-free ownership. This application helps you to get a price indication of what the cost will be for your next service with us. Start by selecting this link SERVICE PRICE INDICATOR :- MY VOLVO.
To Book a Service, Seasonal check or a Free Health check get in touch today on 01271 311900
Our dealership prides itself with the fact that a number of staff have been with the Franchise for over 30 years, giving the Company a wealth of experience. Kastner Barnstaple are offering our customers the opportunity to experience the latest Volvo Cars with a 24hr Test Drive, to book yours simply phone Barnstaple 01271 311902 where you will get through to our sales department to book a convenient time and date.
Get a quote and order your tyres from our specialist Volvo Tyre website now by CLICKING HERE


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Cheap Work Trucks for Sale Typestrucks.Com Already know used work trucks for sale? Or want know used trucks for sale?
The Hidden Truth About Cheap Work Trucks for Sale
Should you need trucks to aid you with snow removal, then used plow trucks for sale are best for you. Or assortment of trucks for sale is certain to aid you in finding what you are searching for to grow your commercial small business. Purchasing a used truck from a private seller usually means that you’re able to buy the truck at a less expensive price and you may save on taxes also.
If you want to sell or trade your truck, please get in touch with us. Trucks under 20000 are perfect if you’re searching for an industrial truck to fit within your financial plan. Box trucks are utilized to haul cargo that’s too big for the typical vehicle. With Ford, you can get as much truck as you require.
When you’re interested in getting a traditional truck, it can be difficult to locate a wide selection all gathered together in 1 place. Thus a well-chosen used truck can be a really cost-effective selection.
Cheap Work Trucks for Sale
Depending on the degree of difficulty you may manage, it’s simplest to restore a car that already starts and runs and that you are able to test drive before you get it so that it is possible to evaluate which problems need fixing in the engine and mechanics of the vehicle.
Assuming you don’t rely on your automobile for everyday transportation, it’s possible to find a perfectly good vehicle for a little investment. Contemplating the fact that you’re likely to be dealing with cars, you might need a wide region for those displays. Before you purchase a classic vehicle, you ought to be sure you really need to restore it lest it becomes a junker sitting on your front lawn gathering dust.
Before you opt to determine to buy a used car it important to find that car inspect from the technical person who might have very superior information about the automobile components and its efficiency. There are plenty of great used cars out there, and a small bit of research and preparation will go a ways toward a thriving purchase.
Vehicles must have the exact MSRP. If you don’t observe a specific vehicle, click on CarFinder and finish the form. Though it could be stylish, a two-door vehicle doesn’t let for fast access towards the back seats, which might lead to difficulty if you’re transporting elderly passengers or little children.
Cheap Work Trucks for Sale – old pickup trucks for sale by owner
The Number One Question You Must Ask for Cheap Work Trucks for Sale
Check your Attitude at the door if you need something a little nicer, and step in the Dodge Vision. So, obtaining the fantastic sense to buy a late model, used, diesel powered light-duty pickup for all your work and play requirements makes you appear to be a borderline genius. If you own a passion for old trucks, you are going to be able to discover all you need here at FossilCars.com.
The solution is in the method by which the truck bed articulates. If your response is yes, then Ultimate Rides is where to be. You’re likely to do great! The remainder of the list is a distinctive identifier. When promoting an auto, on the opposite hand, it can be worth greater than that.
Cheap Work Trucks for Sale – the Conspiracy
Many jobs need big vehicles. Our team would be pleased to arrange test drives and answer any questions that you may have about specs and features. Our team is devoted to finding the very best Southern Pickup Trucks for Sale available.
Cheap Work Trucks for Sale – cheap trucks for sale under $1,000
The Most Popular Cheap Work Trucks for Sale
Japanese manufacturers have a tendency to create the most dependable cars. The organization has released its very first official images of trucks together with basic requirements, and even though it is promising on paper, it appears to be just a small number of things.
Also, the final customer won’t be refunded for original price of shipping. Car buyers just have to have to become conscious of what things to hunt for. You will discover that our network of sellers have an extensive inventory of roll back tow trucks that will fulfill your demands, at a price that you can’t believe!
Other purchasers might be at a particular benefit over the other folks in they could possibly a particular awareness of how points perform at a particular auction and for that reason, they may would love to understand once they will need to take care of a related scenario. The person who owns the truck needs to be in a position to offer all documentation of the truck.
How to Choose Cheap Work Trucks for Sale
Some auto repo auctions accept money or verify only and won’t take charge cards. Sales will start in mid-2019. Consult a used truck value guide like the Kelley Blue Book so you can estimate what price you need to pay for a used truck and precisely what models you are able. The offer also has the usage of the rear wheel and AWD. Ford offerings enable the buyer to choose from among several standard configurations and capacities. You’ll discover advantages and pitfalls of acquiring from a dealer together with a private seller.


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Griot's Garage 11102 Car Wash - 16 oz.
This is the most important step for paint preservation, yet many people overlook this crucial element when caring for their finish. With Griot's Garage car wash, the first thing you'll notice is how slippery it acts between your wash mitt and the paint. This is an important characteristic of the Griot's Garage car wash and contributes to its ability to lift away contaminants while protecting the finish during your washing therapy. Many of the mild scratching you see in your finish is from aggressive washing. The dirt acts like sand paper, scratching the finish while you're rubbing the surface of your vehicle. Be gentle while washing and frequently rinse out your mitt or brush during the cleaning process. Car wash is gentle on your wax, yet removes more dirt and road grime than any car wash. Safe for all paints. There is a unique measuring scale right on the label and an easy pour spout to reduce waste.
Every good car detail starts with a proper wash, and Griot’s Garage Car Wash is the safest, most effective way to do the job. Lifts dirt away from your paint and creates a slippery surface so that it glides away without scratching. Car Wash is pH-balanced, rich in lubricants, free of detergents, and safe for all paints and exterior surfaces.
Features of Griot's Garage 11102 Car Wash - 16 oz.
- Safe for all paint finishes
- High lubricity formula safely lifts dirt and grime off the surface
- Leaves finish glossy and rich
- 1 ounce per 2 gallons of water
Specifications of Griot's Garage 11102 Car Wash - 16 oz.
|Item Weight||1 pounds|
|Product Dimensions||8 x 3 x 3 inches|
|Item model number||11102|
|Manufacturer Part Number||11102|
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A small hatch with a big idea! How about improving your drive? How hard is it to find a small car with a smooth drive? The WT, the first of Fords series of Fiesta's to introduce the 'Poweshift' Dual-clutch automatic transmission. Say goodbye to those noisy erratic small-car gearbox setups, this smooth changing, easy accelerating hot hatch is one impressive little car!
This vehicle is well equipped with:
- Bluetooth with music streaming
- Alloy wheels
- Under-seat shoe compartment
- 5 Star ANCAP safety rating
- Electric steering
- a host of active and passive safety features!
- RDS setting and trip computer
We invite you to get behind the wheel to experience our Drive it Your Way program - a test drive tailored to your needs and wants. We are located just off the Westgate Freeway only a short drive or tram ride from Melbourne CBD and are equipped with everything you need for purchase and ownership, from car care options, servicing deals to same day finance approvals!
Contact us TODAY!


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||5.4L 8 Cylinders
||Four Wheel Drive
||300 hp @ 5000 rpm
||365 lb-ft @ 3750 rpm
Our 2007 Lincoln Navigator Ultimate 4WD in Black offers a smooth, luxurious ride and is surprisingly lively. Powered by a 5.4 Liter V8 generating 300hp while paired with a 6 Speed Automatic transmission for amazing towing or passing requests. This Four Wheel Drive SUV has a commanding presence but displays a softer, more sophisticated look than other large SUVs while showing off near 18mpg. Our Lincoln Navigator combines the smooth and pleasant driving experience you want in a luxury sedan and presents room for the whole family.
Our Navigator Ultimate is calling for you to take that long-awaited family vacation. Enjoy a color touchscreen display, leather front seats with memory, HomeLink, and more to keep everyone happy! The cabin is as attractive as it is comfortable and luxurious.
Lincoln is equipped with safety features for your peace of mind that include ABS, airbags, and so much more. That should make it exactly the right choice for you! Print this page and call us Now... We Know You Will Enjoy Your Test Drive Towards Ownership!
Prices are subject to change at any time. Any errors on posting of options on a vehicle are completely done in error pricing, final contract sale and delivery assumes customer has inspected the vehicle. PRICING IS VALID BY APPOINTMENT ONLY through our Internet Department and BDC department and cannot be combined with any other offers. Advertised internet price assumes primary lender approval 720+ score all fees due from the customer except for state, local and/or county sales tax, motor vehicle, documentary fees when and where applicable. ‘Buy it Today’ price includes all available offers, incentives, must qualify for all prime lenders qualifications Buy it . Prior sales are excluded. All radio advertisements are based off of Lot Pricing and are not to be combined with Internet pricing. *All prices are including dealer financing only *All third party web pricing is pulled from dealer website and restrictions apply **Final dealer pricing is subject to market adjusted value and dealer accessories, all internet pricing may not be reflective of additional installed options and/or accessories in conjunction with market based pricing There is a $489.00 Doc. Advertised price assumes primary lender approval with a 720+ credit score. **With approved credit. Terms may vary. Monthly payments are only estimates derived from the vehicle price with a 72 month term, 5.9% interest and 20% down-payment.


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View Escort Limo Customer Reviews >
Our team here at Reman Auto Electronics aims to provide quality new and remanufactured automotive electronics and diesel components to our customers in a quick and affordable manner.
RAE customers can count on receiving quality parts and fast service. Parts are manufactured and remanufactured in house in our ISO TS 16949 and ISO 14001 certified facility. Even with over 40 years in the electronics industry and over 30 years of remanufacturing experience, we continue to grow and pursue a standard of excellence.View RAE Customer Reviews >
AutoEQ.ca is a True Canadian Online Store for Cars, SUVs and Pickup Trucks Accessories. We are committed to provide you the top quality products from trusted name brands such as WeatherTech, BAK Industries, Clazzio, Thule, Extang, BedRug, U-DRIVE, and Rage Powersports. Based in Ontario and we serve every cities in Canada such as Vancouver, Montreal, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Winnipeg, Halifax and much more. Buy Local, Buy from Auto EQ!View AutoEQ.ca Customer Reviews >
Mobile Home Parts Store launched its online store with another goal in mind- to deliver exceptional customer service. At MHPS we understand exactly what parts and supplies you need for all your mobile home improvement projects. In fact, 97 percent of our customers say they're pleased doing business with us!
We are more than happy to accommodate our shoppers, so as you look around our site, if you can't find what you're looking for... call us, and we'll try to find it for you!
We invite you to visit Mobilehomepartsstore.com home of the largest selection of competitively priced mobile home improvement products available on the internet.
GPS Trackit serves thousands of businesses, offering customized fleet management solutions tailored to the needs of each individual client. Their powerful suite of fleet management tools includes GPS tracking devices, real-time monitoring, detailed reporting, and cloud-based information management. These solutions help users reduce expenses and maximize profits with driver monitoring, route optimization, and many other features designed to help every business realize its potential.View GPS Trackit. Customer Reviews >
SpeedTech Lights is a BBB A+ Rated Manufacturer & Distributor of emergency vehicle LED warning lights, police lights, emergency vehicle sirens, off-road LED light bars, LED Flashlights and more. With the lowest pricing, top quality products and longest warranties, SpeedTech Lights is the best value on the emergency vehicle lighting market.
As a trusted name in the industry for many years, SpeedTech Lights offers the most affordable LED emergency vehicle lighting and equipment out there. We carry a variety of LED light bars, strobe lights, LED flashlights, off road/work light bars, sirens and speakers for police, fire, ems, construction, security and other emergency public safety vehicle lighting needs.
Since 2004, SpeedTech Lights focused strictly on providing top quality products at an extremely affordable rate by creating strategic partnerships worldwide. By forming quality partnerships in the United States, Asia, Central and South America, we have built a reputable company that allows us to provide our customers with the best service and offer the best value when it comes to emergency vehicle lighting and equipment on both a national and international level. Please feel free to contact us for any of your emergency vehicle lighting and equipment needs and we guarantee your satisfaction.View SpeedTech Lights A+ Customer Reviews >
Welcome to Brennan Bodyworks, Orlando's trusted premier auto collision center, certified by leading luxury car manufacturers. As craftsmen in the art of auto body collision repair since 1979, we believe you deserve not only quality repairs, but the highest level of personal service.
It begins with a free inspection and a realistic estimate. We work with your insurance company to make sure you get the full benefits of your coverage. While you go back to your life, our certified, experienced experts repair your car so well only you'll know it was damaged. From major collision damage to eliminating scratches, paintless dent removal and detailing, we've got you covered.
Because Brennan's is a collision repair shop certified by Mercedes-Benz, Audi, Honda/Acura, and Nissan GT-R, you can be sure we use only the best equipment and make repairs to like-new standards. Whether you own a Mercedes-Benz, Audi, Porsche, BMW, Acura, Honda, Lexus, Infiniti, Nissan or any American or import model, we promise to reward your trust with the best collision repair possible.


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Pro Armor X3/Max Sport Styled Front Bumper. Made from Aluminum this bumper combines strength with lightweight. This Can Am Sport bumper adds protection where needed but keeps the weight to a minimum. Our front bumper takes just minutes to install by mounting to the chassis using the included hardware.
- Made from lightweight 1.75 aluminum tubing
- Mounts to chassis for easy installation
- All hardware included
- Matching rear Sport bumper also available Fits 2018-2019 Can Am® X3 & Max