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Nutraceuticals for Athletes
*Corresponding author: Charu Gupta*, Dhan Prakash and Sneh Gupta
1Amity Institute for Herbal Research and Studies, Amity University, Noida, UP 201313, India
2Department of Zoology, RGPG College, Chippi Tank, Meerut, UP 250001, India
Gupta C, Prakash D, Gupta S. Nutraceuticals for athletes. Adv Food Technol Nutr Sci Open J. 2016; 2(2): 73-82. doi: 10.17140/AFTNSOJ- 2-133
©2016 Gupta C. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
It is widely known that athletes used to rely on training and good nutrition to provide maximum results. But now to maintain a competitive edge, athletes are switching to nutraceuticals. They are dietary supplements that provide health benefits. Nutraceuticals and dietary supplements are now commonly used to enhance and improve the health and performance of athletes. This has triggered the sale of nutraceuticals in the market and stores and gyms are selling hundreds of different supplements. These nutritional supplements usually claim to improve strength, performance and stamina, help build lean muscle, and help to burn excess fat. There are many health and nutritional supplements available in the market for the athletes. It is a difficult choice to choose the suitable and appropriate nutraceutical for oneself. The present article will introduce the athlete to a variety of different nutritional health supplements available in the market including fat burners, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), numerous essential fatty acids (EFAs), creatine, whey proteins, glutamine, Tribulusterrestris, beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), methoxyIsoflavone, and Cordyceps.
CLA: Conjugated Linoleic Acid; EFAs: Essential Fatty Acids; HMB: Betahydroxy beta-methylbutyrate; NHIS: National Health Interview Survey; FDA: Food and Drug Administration; IOC: International Olympic Committee; RDA: Recommended Dietary Allowance; BCAAs: Branched Chain Amino Acids; GMP: Glycomacropeptide; TGF-β: Transforming Growth Factor-Beta; PUFAs: Polyunsaturated fatty acids; CLA: Conjugated Linoleic Acid; DHA: Docosahexaenoic acid; EPA: Eicosapentaenoic acid; ATP: Adenosine triphosphate.
The demand for sports nutraceuticals is increasing day-by-day due to the greater consumer awareness and increasing acceptance of nutraceutical supplements in the market. This increasing consumer demand for supplements geared towards sports nutrition will continue to see strong sales in coming years. According to BCC Research, the global market for sports nutrition products is expected to grow at a rate of 24.1%, and is projected to reach $91.18 billion this year.1
The major reasons for explosive growth of such types of athlete performance supplements are due to changing product market focus. Traditionally, sports endurance supplements mainly target towards body-building and other professional athletes. However, sales of sports nutrition products have now been promoted and have been classified into multiple fitness categories. The sports industry has expanded to include the individuals that also participate in recreational workouts and other physical activity. Although athletes performance products have been geared towards male consumers, now-a-days the sports performance nutritional supplements are popular in both the genders. There has also been growth within the youth segment for athletes performance nutritional supplements. A survey performed by the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) shows that 1.6% of kids, are now users of sports performance formulations. These changing demographics of the typical sports endurance supplement user have been responsible for the growth of the base market for sports supplements and nutraceuticals.1
The term nutraceutical is a hybrid of the words ‘nutrient’ and ‘pharmaceutical’. Nutraceuticals are generally dietary supplements derived from food sources with added health benefits. They are defined as any extract (derived from plant or animal origin) that has health-related benefits beyond those obtained by normal nutritional means. Some common examples include elk velvet antler, Tribulus while caffeine and androstenedione does not belong to the nutraceutical group. They are not Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-regulated and their therapeutic value has been debated for years, including their potential in the prevention of several chronic diseases like diabetes, slowing the ageing process, mitigate addiction tendencies, relieve anxiety, improve mental acuity and rally antioxidant defenses. As quoted by Greek physician Hippocrates, a proponent of using food as medicine, probably recognizes their potential.
Nutraceuticals can be developed for the benefit of the athletic community. They can be used to influence the athlete’s performance either directly or indirectly since nutraceuticals are not drugs; they are natural and healthy and they compromise the health of the athletes. Moreover, nutraceuticals use is also not banned by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) athletes commission. There is no ethical and legal dilemma. So such form of nutritional therapy cannot be denied to the athletes. However, there might be certain problems with the use of nutraceuticals by the athletes. As nutraceuticals can induce positive drug tests, it can result in disqualification.
Gurley et al2 reported in a study that 11 out of 20 ephedra supplements that claimed to contain the particular amount of ingredient (active phytochemical) as labeled on their container, they either failed the quality test or had more than 20% difference from the actual amount. It was also reported in another meet that Tribulus is often contaminated with testosterone, nortestosterone and sometimes androstenedione also; around 25% of Gingko biloba preparations failed to qualify the quality tests. Thus to make nutraceuticals acceptable for the athletes, the issue should be addressed with valid scientific investigations.
The scientific issues can be resolved by scientific validation of the nutraceuticals with respect to quality controls. Controlled clinical trials should be conducted in order to determine if nutraceuticals can influence athletic performance or drug tests. In the present paper, the role and functions of nutraceuticals in enhancing athletic performanceis studied.
Thus, from the above discussion it can be safely concluded that the contribution of nutraceuticals towards athlete’s health is appreciable. Nutraceutical market is therefore consistently growing and has turned into a billion dollar industry. But it is advisable that an athlete should research a supplement before using to ensure the most appropriate effect on their training and performance. However, the banned nutritional supplements should be avoided by the athletes. The athlete should always choose the product based on its quality and effectiveness, not necessarily on what an advertisement states. The use of nutraceuticals/dietary/ functional supplements to improve athletic performance will likely to remain in the forefront of the nutritional and dietary supplement industry in the coming years.
Nutraceutical Types for Athletes
Organic Fat burners
These are one of the largest sold supplements to athletes. Fat burners serve a variety of functions that includes enhancing basal metabolic rate and energy levels of the body, suppresses appetite, and reduces excess water levels. Athletes typically use fat burners to improve their energy levels to enhance their training and performance. There are numerous ingredients and their combinations present in fat burners. Some of the common and popular ingredients present in organic fat burners are guarana and/or kola nut (natural sourced caffeine), Citrus aurantium (bitter orange), and cayenne pepper. These are majorly used to increase metabolism and energy. Chromium and Garciniacambogia are amongst some most frequently used appetite suppressants, while Dandelion root is a common diuretic.1
Fat burners, while providing benefit for many people, are also the most abused supplements in the market. Exceeding the recommended dosage is a common practice by many people in the hope of obtaining quicker and more profound results. This practice poses a danger to many people and they can have serious consequences on their health. The recent ban of the herb Ephedra by Health Canada is a prime example. Ephedra was commonly used by athletes as a fat burner for many years. The abuse of this supplement in recent years has caused serious side effects in many people, which prompted Health Canada to ban this product from the market. Fat burners that are used correctly can be an excellent addition to a work out regime.1
The natural fat burners most commonly used are Garciniacambogia, green coffee bean and raspberry ketone. Raspberry ketone is a primary aroma compound present in red raspberries. It regulates the release of a protein called adiponectin (used by body to regulate the metabolism). The raspberry ketone compound causes the breakdown of fat cells more effectively, which in turn helps to burn the fats in the body. The raspberry ketone is very effective when combined with regular work out along with a nutritious diet. The recommended intake is 100 mg per day.1
Another natural fat burner is a plant Garciniacambogia whose fruits are utilized in making weight loss products. This small pumpkin shaped fruit prevents the storage of fat while controlling the appetite. Unlike other supplements, garcinia does not require any special diet but in order to have better results, a sensible balanced diet along with regular exercise is preferred.
Green coffee beans are another group of natural fat burners. These include the coffee beans before they are roasted. This is because the amount of active phytochemical called chlorogenic acid gets reduced after roasting. Chlorogenic acid has various health benefits like it aids in weight loss, reduces heart disease risk, diabetes and boosts the immune system. The green coffee beans regulate blood sugar and metabolism that helps in weight reduction.1
Thus, organic fat burners are more preferable than the artificial fat burners as they are natural and have no side effects. This should be accompanied with balanced diet and regular exercise. Just to cite an example, one of the commercially available fat burners is T5 fat burner marketed by Biogen. This nutraceuti cal in addition to promoting healthy fat burning capabilities, it also increases the body’s natural production of metabolic hormones T4 (thyroxine) and T3 (tri-iodothyronine). Both these hormones are produced by thyroid gland and are primarily responsible for the regulation of metabolic rate and increase the levels of focus and mental alertness. It contains more thermogenic ingredients that aids in increased fat cell lipolysis, supercharged metabolism, extreme fat loss, enhanced energy levels, greater concentration and maximum thermogenesis.1
Muscle Building Supplements
These supplements are the important component of an athlete’s diet. There are many essential nutrients that are required to stimulate growth hormone, testosterone and maintain metabolic rate. Some of the important muscle building supplements are:
Whey proteins (WP): As per recommended dietary allowance (RDA), the daily protein intake of a normal person should be 1-1.5 g of protein per kg body weight.1 This amount cannot be recovered from the diets alone. Protein is essential for athletes to build and repair muscle that is broken down during exercise. Protein supplements in the form of whey proteins are widely recommended. Whey proteins are considered to have the highest nutritional values of all food proteins as they contain all the essential and important amino acids required by humans, in the right proportions. Whey proteins are rich in branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), a major component that provide energy for people undergoing intense or prolonged periods of exercise and help prevent loss of body mass and muscle. They are also readily digestible and completely bio-available. Whey proteins supply additional nutritional benefits, for example, α-lactalbumin, the second most abundant whey protein, has a high content of the amino acid tryptophan, a precursor of the vitamin niacin.3
Whey protein is a complete protein containing all the essential amino acids with a high biological value. Biological value is actually a measure of protein quality, measuring the amount of protein that is retained from the absorbed protein in the body for maintenance and growth. This means that the absorbed whey protein is retained in the body and not quickly excreted. This will help the athlete by allowing them to use the components of whey protein to aid muscle recovery after a workout and would also promote their skeletal muscle growth. Whey protein is an excellent choice to promote muscle growth and used as a high protein meal replacement. It enhances the workout of athletes and also improves the effectiveness of many other supplements, like creatine.1
Several researches have also focused on soy and whey protein in athletes diets. For example, Kalman et al4 studied the effects of soy- and milk-based proteins on circulating androgens and changes associated with exercise-induced body composition. For 12 weeks, 20 subjects took 50 g of one of four protein sources (soy isolate; soy concentrate; soy isolate and whey blend; or whey blend only)/day during their participation in a resistance training program.4 Protein supplementation resulted in a significant increase in lean body mass independent of the protein source.4
There are several categories of whey protein ingredients that are commonly used in food and nutrition products, including whey powder, whey protein concentrate and whey protein isolate.3 The variation in their composition is due to the difference in extent and method of processing.
Whey powder is prepared from whey, a by-product of cheese manufacture. Whey is then clarified, pasteurized and dried to provide a fine white powder known as whey powder.
Whey concentrate typically uses ultra-filtration membrane technology to filter or concentrate various whey components on the basis of the membrane pore size and/or molecular wt. The fluid whey is allowed to pass through a semi-permeable membrane thereby removing lactose and ash and concentrating the protein content.3
Whey protein isolate have a protein content of 90% or more and is produced through a variety of processes like microfiltration and ion exchange. Microfiltration removes additional lactose and fat to increase protein concentration up to 90% or higher. The advantage of this process is that it maintains the various important naturally occurring bioactive components in whey. Advanced chromatography technology can be used to further separate the individual protein components such as lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase from the main whey proteins (alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactglobulin and bovine serum albumin). Advanced membrane technology is used for the enrichment of whey concentrate with whey bioactive components such as sphingolipids, lactoferrin, immunoglobulins, glycomacropeptide (GMP) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β).5 The whey solids are used as concentrated whey for human and animal food, as rich source of proteins.3
BRANCHED CHAIN AMINO ACIDS (BCAA)
Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) account for 14-18% of amino acids in skeletal muscle proteins and are the most widely used supplements among natural bodybuilders.6 It helps to stimulate protein synthesis and promote muscle building and a faster recovery from exercise. The examples of BCAAs are amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine and valine but out of all BCAAs, leucine is of particular interest because it stimulates protein synthesis to an equal extent as a mixture of all amino acids. However, it has been observed that ingestion of leucine only can decrease the level of plasma valine and isoleucine; therefore, all 3 amino acids need to be consumed to prevent plasma depletion of any 1 of the BCAAs.7 The presence of leucine in the muscles has a direct effect on protein synthesis pathway. Studies have shown that BCAAs are metabolized in the muscle to manufacture glutamine, a precursor to GSH and another important component of the immune system.8
The safe upper limit of leucineis 550 mg/kg bodyweight/ day in adult men; however, future studies are needed to determine the safe upper limit for other populations.9 Intake of BCAAs before and after the workout reduces the amount of muscle damage and muscle soreness post-workout. It has been suggested a daily intake of 10-15 g of 2:1:1 ratio of BCAAs before and after the workouts for best results.10
The body can synthesize most of the required fats from the diet. However, the 2 essential fatty acids, linolenic and linoleic acid as they cannot be synthesized in the body, must be obtained from food. These basic fats, found in plant foods, are used to produce specialized fats in the body called omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.
Research has shown that essential fats helps in speedy recovery, support the immune system, promote the production of testosterone, improve muscle function and helps to maintain lean muscle mass. Another example of essential fats is fish liver oil. Fish oil is high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Omega-3 fatty acids are popular amongst athletes and non-athletes alike for their ability to improve blood vessel (endothelial) function, anti-inflammatory, and increase provision of energy from fat. Fish oil supplementation decreases the oxidative stress in response to strenuous exercise. This is positive in that it reduces exercise-induced inflammation, reduces the risk for infection due to immuno-deficiency, decreases delayed-onset muscle soreness, and increases the rate of recovery. Fish oil can reduce heart rate during rest and exercise implying a more efficient heart. This effect is due to direct effect on electrophysiological function of the heart.1
Approximately consumption of 1-2 g of fish oil in a ratio of 2:1 eicosapentaenoic acid: docosahexaenoic acid or EPA:DHA per day improves cardiovascular function and exercise performance.1 Most studies have shown that this regimen reduces exercise-induced muscle soreness and many have shown a lowering of blood pressure and improved blood flow during exercise.10
VITAMINS AND MINERALS
Micronutrients play a vital role in energy production, hemoglobin synthesis, and maintenance of bone health, adequate immune function, and protect body against oxidative damage. They also assist in synthesis and repair of muscle-tissues during recovery from exercise and injury. During exercise, body is stressed and requires various micronutrients in their metabolic pathways, and training during exercise may result in muscle biochemical adaptations that increase micronutrient needs. The routine exercise may also increase the turnover and loss of these micronutrients from the body. As a result, greater intakes of micronutrients may be required to cover increased needs for building, repair, and maintenance of lean body mass in athletes.11
Most athletes are deficient in essential micronutrients. Training alone can deplete minerals and vitamins, due to sweating and fuels muscle contraction. Thus it is essential to fortify the food with vital micronutrients to unleash the energy from the food consumed.12
The most common vitamins and minerals found to be of concern in athletes diets are calcium and vitamin D, the B vitamins, iron, zinc, magnesium, as well as some antioxidants such as vitamins C and E, β-carotene, and selenium.11-13Iron is critical for athletes because it helps the body use and carries oxygen to active muscles. Iron from plant sources such as beans, lentils, seeds, soy, whole grain or fortified cereals, breads and pastas is not well absorbed, so a source of vitamin C like citrus fruit and juices, strawberries, bell peppers or broccoli should be included in the diet to help absorb the iron.
B vitamins are needed for releasing energy in the body, building and repairing tissues and for healthy red blood cells. There is scientific evidence that athletes may need higher amounts of B-complex vitamins, alternatively, eating foods from all 4 food groups and taking enough calories will ensure to meet these needs.
Besides, there are a variety of antioxidants that help protect the body’s cells from damage. The antioxidants from nutrient-rich foods, especially plant foods like vegetables, fruit, nuts, whole grains and legumes. The antioxidant rich nutrients are beta-carotene, found in brightly coloured vegetables and fruit like sweet potatoes, carrots, pumpkin and apricots; vitamin E is present in vegetable oils, avocado, wheat germ, nuts and seeds; vitamin C is found in many vegetables and fruits such as citrus, strawberries, bell peppers, tomatoes and broccoli.Selenium is found in meat, fish and poultry, milk and milk alternatives such as cheese and yogurt, whole grains, mushrooms, nuts, seeds and legumes.12,13
Therefore, reviewer suggest that athletes should not take supplements to get antioxidants but they should be essentially obtained from the diet.
Specific Nutraceuticals Supplements for Athletes
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) is another supplement often labeled as a fat burner and is a potent antioxidant. It is a mixture of different types of isomers of linoleic acid, primarily position and geometric isomers, which is found preferentially in dairy products and meat.14 Current research findings suggest that CLA has many advantages both for bodybuilders and any type of athlete. CLA is also unique because it is present in foods obtained from both animal and dairy sources, besides it also possess anticancer activity and is expressed at concentrations close to human consumption levels. CLA appears to reduce the body’s ability to store fat and increase the body’s use of fat for energy. Another advantage of CLA is that once it is soaked into muscle cells, it can trigger an increase in muscle mass. It is also a potent anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogen, and anti-catabolite, as well as a powerful immune system enhancer.14 Some of the common accolades of CLA are assistance in fat burning, building and retention of lean muscle, and is anti-cancer. Some of the most common benefits of CLA supplementation are that it increases metabolic rate, lowers cholesterol and triglyceride level, enhances muscle growth, lowers insulin resistance, reduces food-induced allergic reactions, and enhances immune system. This would obviously be a positive benefit for any type of athlete that is trying to lose weight and improve body composition. CLA supplementation was also shown to improve the lean mass to body fat ratio, decreases fat deposition, especially on the abdomen, and enhances muscle growth. CLA achieves this reaction by reducing body fat and by enhancing insulin sensitivity so that fatty acids and glucose can pass through muscle cell membranes and away from fat tissue. This results in an improved muscle to fat ratio. Compelling evidence also indicates that CLA also promotes youthful metabolic function and reduces body fat. The unique mechanism by which this fatty acid protects against disease makes it an important addition to any supplement program (Table 1).16
Table 1: Common food sources and the amount present of CLA.
Table 1: Common food sources and the amount present of CLA.
Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs)
Omega-3’s are the essential fatty acids, because they are necessary for health and must be included in diet (because the human body cannot manufacture them on its own). There are mainly 3 types of fatty acids that are collectively referred to as omega-3: alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).18
ALA is found in foods of plant origin. The richest source of ALA is flaxseed, but it is also found in hempseed, canola oil, soybeans, soybean oil, pumpkin seeds, pumpkin seed oil, linseeds, walnuts, and walnut oil.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is found in seafood, algae, and cold water fish such as salmon, sardines and albacore tuna.
Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) is found in many of the same foods as DHA, including cold-water fish such as salmon, and sardines, including cod liver, anchovies, halibut, herring and mackerel.
EFAs include both omega 3 and 6, which play an important role in the functioning of the human body. A balanced intake of these 2 EFAs is essential for healthy cellular function and optimal athletic performance.19 Studies have proved that EFAs can improve stamina and endurance, decrease recovery time and inflammation after exercise, and improves amino acid utilization to help build and maintain lean muscle mass. Many athletes include EFAs as a staple in their diet to receive these benefits.20
Creatine is another supplement that is extremely popular with athletes. It is naturally synthesized in the human body from amino acids primarily in the kidney and liver and transported in the blood for use by muscles. Approximately 95% of the body’s total creatine content is located and concentrated in skeletal muscle. It is required for the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cellular fuel that runs the body. ATP that is stored in the muscle is the only fuel available for energy and the only fuel source capable of generating 100% muscle contraction. Muscle contraction by stored ATP is most effective for building strength and once it has been depleted, the other fuel sources will dominate and muscle contraction will decline. Vigorous exercise will deplete muscles from their routinecreatine supply. Creatine supplementation re-energizes tired muscles, allowing the athlete to work out harder for a longer duration, and also increases muscle and strength. Taking 30 to 40 grams of mixed sugars with each dose will aid and enhance in muscle uptake of creatine.1 The sugars stimulate insulin, which is essential to push creatine through the cell membranes. Creatine should be cycled and not taken on a continuous basis. It has maintained a consistent popularity amongst body builders and also remains a top choice for athletes looking to build lean muscle.1
The benefits of creatine include an increased strength, enhanced performance, increased testosterone levels, improved brain activity, and also helps in regeneration of muscle cells. Washington State University (WSU) study concluded that creatine supplements can increase muscle mass and strength to the participants and also provides an opportunity to power through intense workouts. Another study conducted by Australian researchers determined that intake of 5 g of creatine daily over a period of 6 weeks, the neurological performance of the participants improved significantly including the speed in which information was processed as well as it also increased the memory. However, creatine may not benefit to those participating in lower- intensity exercises, such as aerobics. So supplement distributors should focus on other formulations and ingredients to target average consumers.1
It is the most abundant free amino acid found in the muscles of the body and is readily available for the synthesis of skeletal muscle proteins. This amino acid helps to build and maintain muscle, and therefore nutritional supplements containing glutamine is useful for athletes. L-glutamine is the natural form of the amino acid glutamine and it is therefore one of the top sports supplements sold on the market. L-glutamine can naturally boost the level of human growth hormone and has gained a lot of recognition as a supplement used to enhance muscle recovery. 21 Major dietary sources of glutamine are plant and majority animal proteins such as beef, pork and poultry, milk, yogurt, ricotta cheese, cottage cheese, raw spinach, parsley and cabbage. Glutamine is found in many foods high in protein, such as beans, fish, meat and dairy products. Free L-glutamine is also present in vegetable juices and fermented foods such as yogurt.
Glutamine is a non-essential amino acid and the major part of the de novo synthesis in the human body. However, during strenuous physical exercise, critical illness, injury or heavy stress loads, the need for glutamine can increase beyond the body’s known ability to synthesize it, and therefore it becomes ‘conditionally essential’.
The other key benefits of glutamine are22 :
• Increasing glutamine in muscle tissue to produce an anabolic effect for body builders and other athletes.
• Glutamine prevents muscle wasting in post-surgical patients and for those with trauma and with conditions causing muscle catabolism.
• Glutamine stimulates and supports the immune system.
• It increases mental alertness and supports neurological health.
• It helps to promote proper glucogenic function necessary for balancing low blood sugar levels.
• It also affects the appetite center to help reduce cravings for sugar and alcohol.
• It also supports the proper intestine function.
Athletes who undergo intense, prolonged exercise have an increased risk of infections, apparently as a result of immunosuppression. Glutamine plays an important role in immune function, and plasma glutamine levels decline after intense, prolonged exercise.23
In a double-blind trial, supplementation with 10 g of glutamine after a marathon or ultra-marathon run significantly decreased the incidence of infections over the next 7 days. In a double-blind fashion study, 151 marathon and ultra-marathon runners received 5 g of glutamine or placebo in 330 ml of water immediately after completing the run and again 2 hours later (total glutamine dose, 10 g). In the 7 days following the event, infections occurred in significantly fewer individuals in the glutamine group than in the placebo group (19.2% vs. 51.2%; p<0.001).24
L-Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid that is though body has the ability to manufacture this amino acid, sometimes additional supplementation may be necessary. This is to increase the natural benefits of this amino acid. L-Arginine is a precursor to nitric oxide and necessary for the synthesis of creatine.1
“NO supplements” containing arginine are widely known as a vasodilator and are consumed by bodybuilders to increase blood flow to the muscle during exercise, increase protein synthesis, and improve exercise performance. These supplements are very popular among professional athletes and the body building sportspersonsas it increases the blood flow and oxygen throughout the entire body.
However, there is little scientific studies to support these claims. In a research, healthy young men were supplemented with 7 g arginine or a placebo prior to exercise and were observed with no significant change in blood flow following exercise. 25
However, the effects of arginine supplementation on performance are still controversial. Approximately one-half of acute and chronic studies on arginine and exercise performance have found significant benefits with arginine supplementation, while the other one-half has found no significant benefits.26
In another study, it was found that arginine supplementation significantly reduced muscular endurance by 2-4 repetitions on chin up and pushes up endurance tests.27 Based on these results, the authors of a review concluded that arginine supplementation had little impact on exercise performance in healthy individuals.28
Tribulus Terrestris (Puncture Vine)
Tribulus Terrestris is a nutritional supplement that has been growing in popularity over the last few years. Traditionally, it was used by men to improve libido but recently has gained recognition as a muscle builder. Tribulus Terrestris functions by enhancing testosterone levels by increasing luteinizing hormone levels. Increasing testosterone levels also promote protein synthesis and positive nitrogen balance. The benefits for the athlete are muscle cell growth, increase in body strength, and faster recovery from injury. Tribulus Terrestris is an extremely powerful medicinal plant with a strong effect on testosterone along with muscle building, restorative sleep, protection of cardiovascular system and pain reduction. It is famous amongst athletes because it significantly increases endurance and is anabolic. The plant fruit has been well documented and used in both traditional Chinese Medicine and in Indian Ayurvedic medicine for more than 3000 years.
Tribulus Terrestris is composed of large number of active elements including steroidal saponins such as dioscin, diosgenin and protodioscin. These elements are the active phytochemicals responsible for the fitness and building of muscle mass (natural anabolic). Tribulus also contains phytosterols especially beta-sitosterols that act on the different problems associated with the prostrate, urinary and cardiovascular systems. It is a very powerful plant and does not have side-effects within the recommended dosage. It is a safe plant, but is not recommended to exceed a maximum of 1200 mg/day.1 In strong doses, Tribulus can damage liver, eye and its retina.1
Beta-hydroxy Beta-methylbutyrate (HMB)
The leucine metabolite beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) has been extensively used as an ergogenic aid; particularly among bodybuilders and strength/power athletes to promote exercise performance and skeletal muscle hypertrophy. It decreases muscle protein catabolism and increase muscle protein synthesis.29,30 HMB may also decrease blood pressure, total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, especially in hypercholesterolemic individuals. HMB is particularly effective in catabolic populations such as the elderly and patients with chronic disease.31While numerous studies have supported the efficacy of HMB in exercise and clinical conditions, there have been a number of conflicting results.32
In a recent study, the effect of 12 weeks of HMB supplementation on skeletal muscle hypertrophy, body composition, strength, and power in trained individuals were studied. The effectsof hydroxyl methyl butyrate (HMB) on muscle damage and performance during an overreaching cycle were also determined and it was concluded that HMB enhances hypertrophy, strength, and power following chronic resistance training, and prevents decrements in performance following overreaching.33
β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a supplement that was once quite popular with athletes but has now faded into obscurity. HMB is a metabolite of the normal breakdown product of the amino acid leucine and enhances the effects of vigorous exercise by building muscle and reducing body fat. Studies have shown a pronounced effect of HMB on decreasing protein breakdown while increasing nitrogen retention by the body. This results in an increase in lean muscle mass and strength. However, its results are visible along with regular exercise.
In case an athlete is not on a regular routine of strenuous exercise, it is unlikely that there would have been not many noticeable results. However, the safety of HMB supplementation has also been studied with no adverse effects on liver enzymes, kidney function, cholesterol, white blood cells, hemoglobin, or blood glucose have been observed.34 In another study, 2 metaanalysis on HMB supplementation have concluded that HMB is safe and does not result in any major side effects.34 HMB is actually advantageous by decreasing blood pressure, total and LDL cholesterol, especially in hyper-cholesterolemic individuals.
Research has shown that HMB is particularly effective in catabolic populations such as the elderly and patients with chronic disease.31 However, studies on the effectiveness of HMB in trained, non-calorically restricted populations have been mixed.
The reasons for discrepancies in the results of HMB supplementation studies in healthy populations may be due to many factors including clustering of data in this meta-analysis to include many studies from similar groups, poorly designed, non-periodized training protocols, small sample sizes, and lack of specificity between training and testing conditions.32 However, overall HMB appears to beeffective in a majority of studies with longer-duration, more intense training protocols and may be beneficial to bodybuilders, particularly during planned over-reachingphases of training.35
Methoxy-isoflavone (M), another supplement, is a non-hormonal member of the isoflavone family. It is highly anabolic (increases protein synthesis) with no androgenic effects. Methoxy-isoflavone partiallysuppresses the catabolic hormone, cortisone, while improving nitrogen retention by the body. Thus, it is suitable for athletes looking to gain more lean muscle. The long term effects of its higher dosing are unknown, with no short-term effects.
In a study, the effect of M, along with other supplements such as 20-hydroxyecdysone (E), and sulfo-polysaccharide (CSP3) were analyzed on the athletes as dietary supplements that improve strength and muscle mass during resistance training. However, little is known about their potential ergogenic value. The purpose of this study was to determine whether these supplements affect training adaptations and/or markers of muscle anabolism/catabolism in resistance-trained athletes. The results indicated that M, E, and CSP3 supplementation do not affect body composition or training adaptations nor do they influence the anabolic/catabolic hormone status or general markers of catabolism in resistance-trained males.36
Smilax officinalis (SO) is a plant that contains plant sterols purported to enhance immunity as well as provide an androgenic effect on muscle growth.37 Some data supports the potential immune enhancing effects of SO. However, there is no data available to show that SO supplementation increases muscle mass during training.
Growth Hormone Releasing Peptides (GHRP) and Secretagogues
Research has indicated that growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRP) and other non-peptide compounds (secretagogues) help to regulate growth hormone (GH) release. These observations have served as the basis for development of nutritionally-based GH stimulators (amino acids, pituitary peptides, pituitary substances,Mucunapruriens, broad bean, alpha-GPC). Although there is clinical evidence that pharmaceutical grade GHRP’s and some non-peptide secretagogues can increase GH and IGF-1 levels at rest and in response to exercise, it has not been demonstrated that such increases lead to an increase in skeletal muscle mass.38
Cordyceps Sinensis (Caterpillar Fungus)
The caterpillar fungus is a traditional medicine that was widely used as a tonic and/or medicine by the Chinese for hundreds of years. Cordyceps was traditionally used to combat fatigue and promote vitality. It improves athletic performance by opening up the breathing passages, thereby allowing more oxygen flow into the body. Oxygen is essential for energy production, thereby enhancing the athlete’s training and performance.
The use of this fungus was relatively unknown in this country until it was known and credited for the success of a Chinese women athlete at the National Games in Beijing, in 1993. Three Chinese track runners set new world records during that Games at 3 different distances, 10,000 m, 15,000 m and 30,000 m. Their coach, Mr. Ma Zunren, attributed the athlete’s success to intensive training as well as a stress-relieving tonic prepared from the caterpillar fungus. Since then Cordycepsis on an upward trend and as athletes see more positive results; it will become a mainstream supplement.
The various mode of action of Cordyceps are firstly it increases ATP level as one of the active ingredient of cordyceps is adenosine, a nucleic acid that is a crucial component of ATP; secondly it boosts testosterone levels thereby increasing the ability to add muscle mass; thirdly it improves oxygen utilization by up to 50% and finally cordyceps also boosts perceived energy levels.
A number of studies have also shown that supplementing cordyceps can lower the heart-rate, which explains why people report being able to train harder for longer duration of time when using this supplement. Another study published in 1999 also pointed to long-term cardiovascular health benefits from cordyceps, indicating that it can lower total cholesterol by 10-20% and increase HDL by a quarter.37
Cordyceps creates the effect similar to caffeine, but without the side effects of jitters or an inability to sleep several hours later. This is because cordyceps attaches to the same receptors as caffeine, providing a noticeable feeling of enhanced energy and thus it is used as a popular anti-aging supplement in China.37
OKG is commonly administered through enteral feeding and has been shown to significantly shorten wound healing time and improve nitrogen balance in severe burn patients.39 OKG has the ability to improve nitrogen balance, thus itis helpful for athletes engaged in intense training.
A scientific study reported that OKG supplementation (10 g/day) during 6-weeks of resistance training promoted greater gains in bench press. However, no significant differences were observed in squat strength, training volume, gains in muscle mass, or fasting insulin and growth hormone. Therefore, additional research is needed before conclusions can be drawn.40
Declaration by the Authors
This article is intended for general reading only and is based on the data available from the scientific literature and as reported in blogs, posts and some unofficial sources. The authors do not claim any efficacy of the above cited products. In addition, the authors do not promote or advertise any commercial products/ supplements mentioned in the article.
There is none to be declared.
The authors are grateful to Dr. Ashok K. Chauhan, Founder President and Mr. Atul Chauhan, Chancellor, Amity University, Noida, UP, India for their encouragement, research facilities and financial support.
Conflicts of interest
The authors confirm that this article content has no conflicts of interest.


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Males have to work harder than females. As a result, males get old at an early age. There are various male habits that adversely affect their love life. Smoking, workload, stress and alcohol consumption can affect the virility of men. Besides that, they can even face the low sperm count with these habits.
Optimal Rock is the organic male enhancement for curing various male disorders. It is developed by topnotch medical team and doctors. It may cure male problems within just a few weeks.
Key ingredients of Optimal Rock
Optimal Rock includes a combination of 7 ingredients. They include extracts of Horny goat weed, Asian red ginger, Muira Pauma and Ginko Biloba. Apart from that, this product contains Bioperine and L-arginine. It does not include artificial preservatives, colors, flavors or gluten.
Further, this product may not cause side effects in the body like migraine or body pain. The ingredients of this male enhancement are tested in the labs by good medical doctors. The long term use of this product may not cause negative side effects in the males. It may work deeper in the body to cure male problems.
How does this formula work?
Optimal Rock may increase the passion and desire in the males. It may supply blood to the penile areas and give harder erections. Apart from that, the males may not feel tired or fatigued while performing on the bed.
Further, this supplement may decrease stress and depression. It may boost mood patterns in males for better performance. The ingredients such as saw palmetto berry and horny goat weed may give better orgasms.
In addition to that, this supplement may increase stamina and energy in the body. It may keep you going on the bed. Furthermore, this organic supplement may increase the levels of testosterone in the body. It may boost libido in males.
Optimal Rock supplement may increase penile size by length as well as girth. It may make you more desirable for your woman.
What do customers say?
Many males started using Optimal Rock male enhancement. They say that this product is effective in getting good orgasms. Some customers say that this supplement increases the size of the penile by length and girth.
Few customers say that the Optimal Rock keeps them happy always. They do not get stress or tension after taking these capsules. Most of the males got an increase in desire and passion. They now perform better on the bed than before. Few customers say that this product boosts their mood patterns.
How to buy this product?
Optimal Rock is sold only on the official site of the manufacturer. You can order this product after filling the online form. You have to give personal details in the form like name, address, and email ID. Then you have to make payment using cash or credit or debit card. The product will reach your home within a few business days.

domain: health


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The page you are looking for might have been removed or had its name changed, or is temporarily unavailable.
Always read the label. Follow the instructions for use. Ask your pharmacist – they must decide if this product is right for you.
EPIPEN is not a substitute for emergency medical/hospital care. Call 000 immediately after administering EPIPEN. An additional dose of EPIPEN may be needed while waiting for emergency care. EPIPEN is available from pharmacies with a prescription, or without a prescription as part of a formal anaphylaxis action plan provided by a health practitioner.


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During menopause, the estrogen level drop that occurs in women may lead to really nasty symptoms. Nutraliant BREEZE Menopause Relief formula contains eleven carefully and purely selected herbs and extracts to help restore hormonal balance with the following benefits:
•Soy Isoflavones – estrogen receptor modulators commonly found in beans and legumes.
•Black Cohosh – supports healthy menstruation before menopause or perimenopause, improves dopamine and serotonin levels, associated with the healthy management of mood, hot flashes, and night sweats during menopause.
•Dong Quai – helps reduce high blood pressure, joint aches and pains, cramps, menstrual problems, infrequent periods, and premenstrual syndrome – PMS.
•Licorice – a soothing demulcent, a gentle hormone balancer and a support to the adrenal glands.
•Red Clover – reduces symptoms due estrogen loss, such as hot flashes, insomnia, weight gain, bone loss, cardiovascular problems, and inflammation of the joints.
•Sage – helps reduce the frequency and severity of menopause symptoms.
•Chasteberry – alleviates PMS and known for its hormone-balancing properties.
•Blessed Thistle – diuretic and fights colds, cough, fever, bacterial infections and diarrhea.
•Red Raspberry Powder – uterine tonic, balances hormones, helps improve energy levels.
•Wild Yam – used to treat vaginal dryness, PMS, menstrual cramps and supports against osteoporosis.
• Trans-Resveratrol – powerful antioxidant found in red grape skin. You don’t have to suffer through the emotional and physical pain of menopause.
WITH NUTRALIANT, YOU CAN MAKE MENOPAUSE A BREEZE!
- POTENT MENOPAUSE RELIEF FORMULA – Nutraliant’s BREEZE Menopause Relief supplements contains all powerful natural ingredients to help women minimize menopause symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, moodiness, tiredness and weight gain — especially around the mid-section. It is effective in reducing perimenopause and menopause related symptoms due to a shift in hormone balance.
- HELPS TO PREVENT WEIGHT GAIN AND SUPPORTS WEIGHT LOSS – During menopause, hormonal changes can cause you to gain more weight — especially belly fat. Your body becomes very sensitive and should be treated with utmost care. Our herbal blends and extracts target those problems to naturally balance hormones for best relief.
- THE CHANGE? If you’re in menopause or at the age where you worry about the change then you may already be experiencing the roller coaster ride of highs and lows with your feelings & emotions as well as the furnace like torment of hot flashes and night sweats. BREEZE was formulated by WOMEN WHO KNOW HOW YOU FEEL. On edge, irritated by everything & everyone, easily exhausted, feeling like you’ve lost your groove. While saying goodbye to cramps & periods is great menopause isn’t. BREEZE CAN HELP!
- SAFE, NON GMO & ESTROGEN FREE MENOPAUSE VITAMINS FOR WOMEN – BREEZE Menopause Relief is all natural, contains no GMO, gluten or estrogen ingredients. BREEZE is the perfect natural solution to hormone imbalance if you’re looking to avoid dangerous medications with harmful side effects and increased health related risks. You can ensure that you are getting the safest and purest vitamins, herbs and extracts into your body without the risks associated with estrogen hormone replacement treatment.
- 100% MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE – Try Nutraliant BREEZE Menopause Relief for yourself with total confidence because it is backed by our 100% Satisfaction. We are confident that you will love our formula that we back it with a 60-day money back guarantee, no hassle. MADE IN USA – You can always Trust Nutraliant. BREEZE is made at a FDA registered facility under the strict Good Manufacturing Practice requirements. Click Add to Cart and BUY NOW.


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Are you facing hair fall ? AloeLab is the best solution. Buy on waw.shopping Hair-Savior Rejuvenating Scalp & Hair Mask with the best pure botanical essences for the hair & scalp. 100% pure Peppermint, Flaxseeds, and Rosemary essences!
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For those with oily and acne-prone skin, the salicylic acid is a beneficial ingredient that helps exfoliate the skin and refine the appearance of pores. Buy on waw.shopping Salicylic Acid Acne-Control Aloe Serum that provides skin clarity and youthful looking.
Did you know that the lactic acid found in the milk, which is very good for the skin ? For a smooth and clean skin, buy on waw.shopping AloeLab 10% Lactic Acid +HA Peeling Night Serum and get a radiant skin.
Brighten your skin with the most advanced antioxidant-rich product Aloe C Ferulic ! Buy on waw.shopping AloeLab C Ferulic® Aloe With 15% L-Ascorbic Acid that provides advanced environmental protection by neutralizing damaging free radicals.
Reduce the appearance of skin blemishes and congestion with our AloeLab Anti-Blemish Serum ! Buy on waw.shopping Niacinamide +1% Zinc which is the best ingredient and the most effective to be used for acne and scars.
Looking for a concentrated facial serum with pure retinol ? We have got you covered with AloeLab retinol night serum based on purest and freshest quality organic Aloe Vera extract. Buy online on waw.shopping natural beauty products at the best price in Lebanon.
A concentrated night serum with pure retinol improves the appearance of visible signs of aging and pores while minimizing breakouts. Buy online on waw.shopping AloeLab organic Retinol Night Serums at the best price in Lebanon.
A high-concentration pure retinol serum for experienced retinol users to improve the appearance of visible signs of aging and pores while minimizing breakouts. Buy online on waw.shopping pure retinol serums extracted from the Aloe Vera plant at the best price in Lebanon.
This gentle facial wash for normal to oily skin effectively cleanses away dirt and oil while respecting skin's pH balance. Cleanses and purifies skin without over-drying. Buy online on waw.shopping organic facial wash gel extracted from the Aloe Vera plant at the best price in Lebanon.
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Restore your skin’s surface and let your skin feel soft by AloeLab Gentle Cream Cleanser. Shop online on waw.shopping organic cream cleanser extracted from the Aloe Vera plant at the best price in Lebanon.
A patented daytime vitamin c antioxidant face serum that delivers advanced environmental protection. Buy online on waw.shopping The AloeLab Discoloration Corrector CL Vitamin C Serum at the best price in Lebanon.
The Mineral Shield Sunscreen is a weightless fluid. It combines 100% mineral filters which makes it suitable for all skin types. Buy online on waw.shopping The ALoeLab Mineral Shield UV Defense Sunscreen at the best price in Lebanon.
It's 100% mineral-based tinted fluid sunscreen that provides broad spectrum SPF 50 UVA/ UVB protection. Buy online on waw.shopping The AloeLab Tinted Mineral Shield UV Defense Sunscreen at the best price in Lebanon.
Glycolic Acid 10% Toning Solution is an exfoliant targeted at the surface of the skin. It helps improve skin clarity. Buy online on waw.shopping The AloeLab 10% Glycolic Acid Toning Solution at the best price in Lebanon.
This Rose Mist is a soothing, multipurpose freshening solution that instantly hydrates and dampens the skin any time of the year. Buy online on waw.shopping The AloeLab Rose Mist at the best price in Lebanon.
For people that have very dry and dry sensitive skin, This night cream is the best remedy, especially during cold times. Buy online on waw.shopping The AloeLab Night Cream at the best price in Lebanon.


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Lipton Tulsi Natura Green Tea Bags 25 Pc
Lipton Tulsi Natura Green Tea Bags now come with the goodness of green tea and tulsi for a fitter body and calmer mind. It is one of the oldest known sources of antioxidants and helps improve digestion, removes bloating and increases the body's immunity state. Made from green, unoxidised tea leaves, it contains high concentrations of catechins (the powerful ingredient in tea). It has no extra calories if you consume it without sugar or milk and is the first step towards a healthy lifestyle.
- It is rich in polyphenols and antioxidants.
- It helps reduce stomach bloating and weight management.
- It helps in calming the mind and relieves stress.
- It helps in improving digestion and metabolism.
- It helps in increasing stamina.
- It has zero calories if consumed without sugar and milk.
- It hydrates the body and improves skin and hair.
- Regular consumption reduces the risk of diabetes and obesity.
- It flushes out toxins from the body.
- It increases the body's natural immunity power.
- Green Tea (Camellia sinensis)
- Tulsi (Ocimum Tenuiflorum)
- Green tea is one of the richest sources of antioxidants and helps in fighting diseases.
- It reduces stomach bloating and flushes out toxins.
- When coupled with regular exercises, it helps in weight management.
- It has zero calories if consumed without sugar or milk.
- It helps in increasing stamina for a healthy lifestyle.
How to Use
- Put one tea bag in a cup.
- Pour boiling water.
- Brew for 2 min by dipping.
- Remove the teabag.
- Drink immediately.
- Tastes best without sugar or milk.
- Store the product at room temperature and in airtight containers.
- Do not place it in direct sunlight.
- Keep away from kids.
- Read the expiry label before consuming.
Q1. Can I drink green tea if I am pregnant?
Ans: Yes, you can. However, since the product contains caffeine, it is best to limit it to two cups a day.
Q2. Does it help in weight loss?
Ans: Green tea is an excellent source of antioxidants and helps cure stomach bloating and fat burning. Thus, if consumed without milk or sugar, it helps in weight management.
Q3. How many times can I drink green tea?
Ans: Consume it without sugar or milk at least twice a day to get all the benefits of green tea.
Q4. Are there any side effects?
Ans: Lipton Tulsi Natura Green Tea side effects are pretty rare. Those allergic to the ingredients may show signs of stomach distress, nausea, diarrhoea, etc. Please stop consuming the product immediately if you face any side effects and consult with your doctor.
Q5. What Lipton Tulsi Natura Green Tea Bags precaution should I take?
Ans: Green tea contains caffeine, so you should measure your intake, especially if you are pregnant.


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What is Myogenix Hardcore Test?
As men age, their natural testosterone production in their bodies decline. With this decline, these men will experience a host of different symptoms which affects them physically, mentally, emotionally, and sexually.
Some of the effects of declining testosterone production include slower metabolism, fatigue, sluggishness, and a decline in sexual performance. Men who have lower levels testosterone levels can also experience male sexual performance issues such as premature ejaculation, lack of sex drive, and impotence.
Men who are suffering from low testosterone production often feel very depressed and angry at their situation because they feel as if they are less of men.
Being unable to perform sexually and to satisfy their partners makes them feel their manliness is being challenged, and this kind of negative emotion can also affect their daily lives and the relationship with the people around them.
It’s no surprise, then, that many men resort to using supplements to help them restore their former vigor and virility. One such product is the Hardcore Test from Myogenix.
About Myogenix Hardcore Test
Myogenix Hardcore Test is a supplement that’s designed for men which gives them five-in-one benefits.
While the item is outlined as a dietary supplement for men of any age, it appears as though it is best for men who encounter manifestations that are related with low testosterone levels –, for example, trouble performing in the rec center and amid sexual exercises.
The supplement has been produced with particular ingredients keeping in mind the end goal to target five unique components that men, particularly when their testosterone levels begin to drop after the age of 30, frequently encounter.
By utilizing this supplement, the producer guarantees that men will have the capacity to encounter a few points of interest that have been connected to better testosterone generation –, for example, a critical increment in quality, the improvement of incline bulk, decreased muscle to fat ratio ratios in a few sections of their body and a superior sex drive.
Since these are the primary territories that men have a tendency to have issues with as they age, the item is the ideal supplement for the dynamic man that is beginning to see a decrease in their physical and sexual execution.
Myogenix Hardcore Test Claims & Features – What You Need To Know?
Hardcore Test is an all new supplement that has been made to give clients raised levels of testosterone, it contains just clinically explored ingredients which have no long haul sick impacts and give clients a wide assortment of advantages like:
- Boosted Testosterone Production: the item targets different key processes inside our framework which advance the quicker generation of testosterone.
- Increased Physical Strength: a few formula which brings about large amounts of quality and power.
- Weight Management: reduces the deposits of fats in key areas our body like our gut, thighs, midsection and trunk.
- BoostedSexual drive: because of the nearness of different vasodilators in the item it can build the general stream of blood in our framework. This outcome enhanced sexual incitement and sexual stamina.
- Estrogen Inhibition: the item restrains the creation of estrogen, a hormone that is fundamentally connected with ladies yet as one ages can significantly affect the physiology of men too.
What are the Ingredients in Myogenix Hardcore Test?
The whole scope of ingredients is served in an exclusive equation called the “T-Spike Blend”. This restrictive mix contains the accompanying ingredients:
- Fenugreek Extracts – These seeds are utilized for various therapeutic purposes. It is accounted for that they may likewise be compelling in expanding the measure of testosterone that is accessible in the male body. It is, in any case, critical to note that logical research has ended up being most gainful when brought with zinc and magnesium supplements.
- Tribulus Terrestris Extracts – Several sections of this plant is utilized for different purposes due to the restorative and execution upgrading properties it has. Men regularly utilize tribulus Terrestris concentrates to boost their charisma, however, it is additionally a successful normal concentrate that can improve continuance and stamina, while likewise expanding blood course.
This ingredient is likewise exceptionally well known among competitors and individuals who consistently take an interest in activities at the exercise center (or at home).
- Siberian Rhodiola Rosea – The foundation of this plant is utilized to make solution and to enhance general execution. It is frequently used to enhance the safe framework and to improve athletic execution. A few people additionally utilize Siberian Rhodiola Rosea as an adaptogen to help their bodies adjust to the day by day stretch that is available in their lives (synthetic, natural and physical anxiety).
What are the Benefits of Myogenix Hardcore Test?
Here are some of the benefits to using Myogenix Hardcore Test:
- May inhibit estrogen production
- Could help build lean muscle
- Might support brain and heart health
What are the Drawbacks of Myogenix Hardcore Test?
Here are some of the drawbacks to using Myogenix Hardcore Test:
- Not intended for users under the age of 18
- Should not be used if you are taking other medication
- Contains animal products, so this product is not for vegans
- No exact amounts of each ingredient
How Should You Take Myogenix Hardcore Test?
You should take four capsules per day. You should take two capsules in the morning, and two at night. Each dosage should be taken with a glass of water.
What Are The Possible Side Effects Of Myogenix Hardcore Test?
While there have been no side effects reported from this product, you should get the advice of your physician first before taking this product.
Where Can You Buy Myogenix Hardcore Test?
You can purchase Myogenix Hardcore Test directly from the manufacturer’s website.
Myogenix Hardcore Test Review – The Bottom Line
If you take the Myogenix Hardcore Test, you should be ready to commit to taking this product. You should continuously take this product for 3 months before you see any results, and it can add up, since you should take four capsules per day.
However, if you are prepared for the cost and effort, you can take comfort in the fact that there are good reviews about this product, and users have reported saying that it does work as intended. Make sure that you inquire about their money-back guarantee since there is no mention of it online.
Prostate health is of great concern for men today. Preventative measures may reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer and improve overall prostate health and function. A quality, premium prostate supplement may shrink the prostate, minimize frequent urination, promote sexual function and contain quality ingredients.
Below you’ll find some of the most effective prostate supplements on the market today, in our opinion.
Our Top Prostate Products


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Minerals are important for your body’s health.
To get minerals is to absorb them through diet. Minerals regulate your heart, muscles, bones, and brain to keep them healthy. They also play a key role in enzymes and hormones.
There are two types of minerals: trace and macro minerals. The only real difference between them is macro minerals must be consumed in higher amounts. Both typically come from food.
The body only needs a small amount of them but they are crucial for a healthy body. All minerals are considered toxic if consumed at high volumes for long periods.
Trace Minerals and Macro Minerals
Trace minerals and their impact on the body:
- Chromium - regulates blood sugar levels
- Copper - aids bone and cartilage formation
- Fluoride - assists in forming bones and teeth, and prevents tooth decay
- Iron - critical for making blood
- Manganese - reduces inflammation
- Molybdenum iodine - prevents toxins from building up
- Selenium - antioxidant helps prevent cell damage
- Zinc - helps enzymes make protein and heal wounds
Macro minerals and their impact on the body:
- Magnesium - critical for protein production, nerves, and immune system
- Sodium - fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction
- Chloride - aids with fluid balance and stomach acid
- Potassium - helps nerve function and muscle contraction
- Calcium - important for healthy bones and teeth
- Phosphorus - plays a role in how fats and carbohydrates are used
- Sulfur - protects cells from damage and forming cancer
These trace minerals are influential for enzyme function systems and health. To get these through a diet it's important to get plenty of bread, cereals, leafy green vegetables, fruits, nuts, dairy, fish, and meat in your diet.
If you are a vegan, you may need to supplement some minerals that come from meat
What Minerals Help With Pre Sleep?
In terms of minerals, magnesium and zinc make the biggest difference in sleep hygiene.
In a sentence, zinc and magnesium regulate neurotransmitters and hormones involved in sleep and deep relaxation.
For a longer in depth explanation, read on.
How Do Zinc and Magnesium Help With Sleep?
Magnesium interacts with GABA transmitters in the brain, triggering a calming and relaxing effect in the nervous system.
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) is what regulates the body's response to stress. When we're stressed HPA is overactive, and our bodies react by elevating cortisol levels. Zinc lowers cortisol levels creating a soothing effect, preparing your body for sleep.
Think of the nervous system as a system of wires. When the wires get jumbled up, we get stressed. It’s difficult to sleep, we’re irritable and on edge.
When magnesium and zinc is consumed together it helps “reorganize” the wires, lowering stress and providing the body with a calming effect.
Zinc helps break the cycle of sleep induced stress while magnesium helps
In a nutshell, zinc and magnesium are taken together. It primes the body for deep restful sleep and prevents you from waking up.
What foods and drinks contain a lot of zinc?
The following food contains high zinc:
- Breakfast cereals
What Foods are High in Magnesium?
Foods high in magnesium are:
- Dark, leafy greens
- Whole grains
- Breakfast cereals
- Dark chocolate
How Much Magnesium Should I Take Pre Sleep?
When taking magnesium as a supplement, 400 mg is sufficient.
How Much Zinc Should I Take Pre Sleep?
When taking zinc as a supplement as an adult, 40 mg of zinc is the most someone should take per day.
Zinc consumption should be anywhere from 15mg to 40 mg for the average adult male.
PreSleep Minerals: Magnesium and Zinc
A healthy diet is the best way to absorb minerals. Magnesium and zinc are some of the biggest difference makers when it comes to using minerals for sleep hygiene.
PreSleep has both magnesium and zinc, along with other complementary amino acids to send you into a deep but refreshing sleep.
If you’re exercising, eating healthy and still not sleeping like a baby give PreSleep a shot!


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FREE IN PERSON CLASS TO MEMBERS.
Please join us for this 4 class series to bring balance and harmony into the body, mind and heart. We'll breathe into some gentle movement, followed by a full Yoga Nidra practice.
This deep healing guided meditation and systematic form of relaxation is the perfect remedy for anxiety, stress, insomnia, as well as an overall nervous system reboot!
You're welcome to bring your own props such as bolster, blocks, and blankets, or you can use our own studio props (maybe a warm layer of clothes) to support your ultimate comfort as you are guided into a deep state of release and healing.
***SPACE IS LIMITED
All are welcome, no experience is needed.
This is an In-Person Class. You must pre-register for class to attend. Please call us at 512-887-8807 if you have any problems registering.
Per CDC guidelines, we no longer require masks or social distancing. You may wear a mask if you choose. The CDC has said it is safe for vaccinated people to be indoors without a mask and without social distancing. The CDC continues to recommend you wear a mask if you are not vaccinated. We trust that you will practice satya (truthfulness) and ahimsa (no harm) for the safety and comfort of all. If you are not feeling well, please continue to use our online zoom option for your class.
If you have your own props, please bring them with you.


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NOW Foods 5-HTP 50 mg
- Neurotransmitter Support.
- Natural Source.
- Supports Positive Mood.
5-HTP, the intermediate metabolite between the amino acid L-tryptophan and serotonin, is extracted from the bean of an African plant (Griffonia simpicifolia).
Serving Size 1 Capsule
Amount Per Serving % Daily Value
5-HTP (5-hydroxytryptophan) (Griffonia simplicifolia) (Seed) 50 mg
Other Ingredients: Rice Flour and Gelatin (capsule).
Contains no: sugar, salt, yeast, wheat, gluten, corn, soy, milk, egg, shellfish or preservatives.
As a dietary supplement, take 1 capsule daily, preferably on an empty stomach at bedtime. Consider taking this product in combination with NOW® Valerian Root, Relora® and Pantothenic Acid.
Warning: If you are currently taking antidepressant medications please consult a physician prior to use. May cause drowsiness.
Notice: Individual results may vary. You should always consult with your physician before starting this product or any health-related program.
Disclaimer: The product descriptions and the statements on this page are from manufacturers and/or distributors and have not been evaluated by VitaSprings or the FDA. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. VitaSprings does not imply any medical claims from the customer reviews on this 5-HTP 50 mg product on this website.
© NOW Foods
Write a Review on this 5-HTP 50 mg product and share your experience or opinion with other customers.
5-HTP 50 mg


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Another Recreate Thread with some questions
- 05-05-2008, 10:17 AM
Another Recreate Thread with some questions
Been using recreate for a week now. Was taking DCP and Levi combo before. Currently doing 2 recreate in the morning and 2 in the afternoon. I have noticed the following:
1. bloat and very full sensation. I havent change my diet at all for a long time. currently eating 5 small meals aday. Now i get the sensation of bloat. Also a lot of gas sometimes. While i was on DCP and Levi, I get hunger before the time for my meals. I am not hungry and always feel full while taking recreate. It seems like my body is slower in digesting what i ate and needing/using less of it.
2. Appetite Supression. This is very good i guess, but i dont want to eat anything. But could this possibly mean that i will be losing muscle since i can't really take in calories sometimes?
3. Lack of thermo effect. I havent noticed any thermo effects that was mentioned by others. do not feel more warm or anything even while working out and doing cardio. Is there a certain loading peroid for this to start to kick in?
4. Sleep is better. I feel a lot more sleepy at night then while i was on DCP and leviathan. Is this because there is less stims in recreate then there is in leviathan?
If anyone could enlighten me on why I am experiencing these particular sensations and problems would be really great.
- 05-05-2008, 10:25 AM
05-05-2008, 11:04 AM
If I could toss on a question on top -
YOHIMBINE. I've just begun my endeavor with the new hailmaker Recreate, and I'm wondering how Yohimbine will react to it. Reason I ask is because I'd like to use some Legal Gear PSarm that I picked up a while ago.... at first glance they don't appear to interact, but at 4 caps ED I'd be intaking 8g of the compound. Yay, Nay, por que? I'm neither intolerant nor very sensitive to stims, but Yohimbine almost appears to be in a different category sometimes with effects (or sides, depending on how you think of it).
05-05-2008, 01:10 PM
If "the sensation of satiation" is produced by notible and consistant bloating of the stomach and sometimes increased gas, does this imply that digestion is slowed?
Is the primary purpose of this product to produce a feeling of fullness therefor decreasing one's caloric intake and as an effect achieve weightloss. If so, how does it affect one's ability to retain muscle and to obtain the essential calories to perform in the gym?
05-05-2008, 01:20 PM
2. No, but it is possible. Forslean causes some slight gastrointestinal issues in users, though this subsides.
3. No. The product produces satiation via hypothalamic release of ATP, essentially giving your brain the illusion of caloric intake. In terms of muscle retention it:
a) increases cAMP and ATP, extracellular messengers of energy metabolism necessary for a myotropic response
b) mitigates T3 production and T4 conversion, upregulating metabolism
c) liberates adipose deposits to be used as fuel in anaerobic exercise
d) prevents the enzymatic conversion of cortisone to the active cortisol
e) is a potent Testosterone mimetic
f) improves Insulin sensitivity
g) increases expenditure of ATP in cell energy response
In terms of 'obtaining the necessary calories to perform', I am unsure what your slight on the product is, exactly? It is meant as an appetite suppressant - not an increaser. As I said, gastrointestinal issues are experienced by many as a response to high a standardization of Forskolin.
05-05-2008, 02:00 PM
What i am trying to figure out is if i should eat less since it feels as if the food i am taking in is not done digesting when it's time for my next meal. but this can just be a mental effect as you have mentioned.
Secondly, the concern was about metabolic rate and calories. I noted some lack of drive through last week till today altho endurance and consistant energy is experienced throughout the workout. If food is properly digested then there should be no problem with strength and muscle retention.
Lastly, thank you for your quick responses and thorough information on the product, it is very helpful to hear from someone who is experienced with how the product should work. This takes the guess work out of trying to figure out wehther something is work for me or not and let me focus on my diet and training. I really appreciate it.
05-05-2008, 02:02 PM
While I like the idea of not having my junk cravings (my willpower is enough to manage this), I am concerned about the first point.
Will Recreate slow my food digestion rate, or is this just a general feeling the original poster felt? I want to make sure this product will not interfere with the digestion of my food/protein/other supplements.
Edit: I had my reply open in the editor for a while, and seems the question might have been asked in the meantime.
05-05-2008, 02:03 PM
In terms of metabolic rate, ReCreate should effectively increase it through several pathways. Simply set your caloric intake to your weight loss goals, and eat that amount - admittedly, this might be a struggle because ReCreate's appetite suppressant effect is very prominent.
Your gastrointestinal distress should pass very shortly, as is common response to Forslean. I apologize if I came off short.
05-05-2008, 02:14 PM
05-05-2008, 02:33 PM
I'm two months into my second lifetime transformation. My first was right after college when I was sick of being skinny as a rail (was working 80 hours during college supporting my parents who were in a disastrous car wreck). I finally had the time, and started to gaining weight naturally. Took only protein and glutamine at the time, and gained over 70 pounds of lean muscle in 2 years. During that time I perfected my diet and workout rotations.
But now, I'm having a new problem. One I just knew I'd never have. I slowly gained weight after marrying. I've been working out hardcore and have had an iron-will concerning my diet for the last 2+ months. Almost all of the fat has come off my arms, legs, chest, back... but i still have the same tire around my belly!! For once in my life I'm contemplating a cortisol blocker/thermogenic, but am still very timid to do so. I've seen almost all of my concerns explained away in these forums, and am nearly on the verge of ordering either Recreate or Meltdown. But Recreate has much better reps online lol.
Anywho, all that to say thank you for answering the questions with more than just basic BS... The high level science behind the questions/answers is what allows me to feel comfortable with it... as opposed to the smoke and mirrors I read from some other company reps.
(wow, i've never so clearly explained my current situation... might have to copy that sometime lol)
05-05-2008, 04:22 PM
05-05-2008, 04:36 PM
Would this be an acceptable place to request a high level compare/contrast between Meltdown and Recreate (on a pure profile / interaction level)? I'm having a hard time deciding between the two.
05-05-2008, 05:56 PM
05-06-2008, 02:05 PM
05-06-2008, 02:21 PM
Meltdown Supplement Facts:
Serving Size 3C apsules
Servings Per Container40
Fat Catabolizor™ & β-3 Potentiator 317mg
M_TTA (Methyl Tetradecylthioacetic Acid)
Yerba Mate Extract
3'-5'-CAMP (3'-5'-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate)
Super Synephrine™ β-3 Activator™ 20mg
Iphoric® Potent Methyl β-3 PEA Matrix 138mg
NorEpiphex™ α2-Andrenergic Blockade Complex 9mg
NorEpiphex™ M-MAOxidizor-I™ 20mg
Meltdown Other Ingredients:
Bioliquid™ PolyLipid™ (Polymer-Lipid Based) Delivery System: Contains One Or More Of The Following: Super Refined Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Oil, Propylene Glycol Fatty Acid Ester, Safflower Oil, Sunflower Oil, Purified Water, Gelatin, Titanium Dioxide
Meltdown Suggested Use:
As a dietary supplement, the maximum recommended serving is three Meltdown® capsules. However, begin use with one to two capsules daily to assess tolerance. Never exceed more than three total capsules daily or in a single dose.
05-07-2008, 10:20 AM
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