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A blood pressure gauges, also known as a sphygmomanometer, is a medical device used to measure blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the circulating blood against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps it around the body. Blood pressure gauges are commonly used in medical settings, such as clinics, hospitals, and doctor’s offices, as well as in home monitoring scenarios.
There are two main types of blood pressure gauges:
Mercury Sphygmomanometer: This traditional type of blood pressure gauge consists of a column of mercury in a glass tube. It has a cuff that is wrapped around the upper arm and inflated to temporarily stop the blood flow.
As the air is slowly released from the cuff, a healthcare professional listens to the sounds of blood flow using a stethoscope placed over an artery in the arm (usually the brachial artery). The point at which the sounds begin (systolic pressure) and end (diastolic pressure) corresponds to the patient’s blood pressure.
Aneroid Sphygmomanometer: This type of blood pressure gauge uses a spring mechanism instead of mercury. It also includes a cuff that is wrapped around the upper arm and inflated. The pressure is displayed on a dial, and the healthcare professional uses a stethoscope to listen for the Korotkoff sounds (the sounds of blood flow) while releasing the air from the cuff.
It’s important to note that mercury-based sphygmomanometers are being phased out due to environmental concerns associated with the use and disposal of mercury. Aneroid sphygmomanometers are more commonly used today, along with digital electronic blood pressure monitors.
Digital Electronic Blood Pressure Monitor: These monitors use electronic sensors to detect blood pressure and display the readings on a digital screen. They typically inflate and deflate the cuff automatically, making them easy to use for both healthcare professionals and patients at home. Some models also have features like memory storage for tracking blood pressure over time.
Blood pressure is typically measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is recorded as two numbers: systolic pressure over diastolic pressure. For example, a blood pressure reading of 120/80 mmHg indicates a systolic pressure of 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure of 80 mmHg.
These readings provide important information about an individual’s cardiovascular health and can help diagnose conditions such as hypertension (high blood pressure) or hypotension (low blood pressure).
A vital sign gauge is just how to live the performance of the pump and therefore the pipes. There are two numbers during a vital sign reading: systolic and diastolic.
What is Blood Pressure Gauges
A blood pressure gauge, also known as a sphygmomanometer, is a medical device used to measure the force of blood against the walls of arteries as it flows through them. This force is commonly referred to as blood pressure and is expressed in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
Blood pressure gauges typically consist of an inflatable cuff that is wrapped around the upper arm, a pressure gauge or dial that measures the pressure within the cuff, and a stethoscope or electronic sensor that detects the sounds of blood flowing through the arteries.
To take a blood pressure reading, the cuff is inflated to a pressure higher than the expected systolic pressure (the pressure when the heart contracts) and then gradually released. As the pressure in the cuff drops, the examiner listens with the stethoscope or observes the electronic sensor for the sounds of blood flow.
The point at which these sounds disappear corresponds to the diastolic pressure (the pressure when the heart is at rest), and the point at which they become audible again corresponds to the systolic pressure.
Blood pressure gauges are commonly used in medical settings to diagnose and monitor hypertension (high blood pressure) and other cardiovascular conditions. They are also available for home use, allowing individuals to monitor their blood pressure on a regular basis.
The 7 Best Blood Pressure Gauges Reviews for 2024
I can certainly provide you with information about some popular and highly regarded blood pressure gauges that were available at that time. Please note that newer models might have been introduced since then. Here are seven reputable blood pressure gauges:
Omron Platinum Blood Pressure Monitor: Known for its accuracy and ease of use, the Omron Platinum series includes various models that offer features like wireless connectivity, multiple user profiles, and advanced averaging for accurate readings.
Withings BPM Connect: This is a wireless blood pressure monitor that can sync with your smartphone via Bluetooth. It offers accurate readings and provides a seamless way to track your blood pressure over time.
Beurer BM67 Blood Pressure Monitor: Beurer is a well-known brand for health and wellness products. The BM67 offers a large display, multiple user profiles, and a comfortable cuff for accurate readings.
A&D Medical Upper Arm Blood Pressure Monitor: A&D Medical is known for producing medical-grade devices. Their blood pressure monitors are highly accurate and often used in medical settings.
Welch Allyn FlexiPort Blood Pressure Cuff: Welch Allyn is another reputable brand in the medical field. Their FlexiPort cuffs are designed for accuracy and durability, and they can be used with various blood pressure monitors.
QardioArm Blood Pressure Monitor: QardioArm offers a compact and portable blood pressure monitor that can connect to your smartphone for easy tracking. It’s known for its user-friendly interface.
ADC Prosphyg 760 Blood Pressure Kit: ADC (American Diagnostic Corporation) produces high-quality blood pressure kits for both professional and home use. Their Prosphyg 760 series is reliable and widely used.
When choosing a blood pressure gauge, it’s important to consider factors such as accuracy, ease of use, cuff size (ensure it fits your arm properly), digital vs. analog display, and any additional features you may need (e.g., smartphone connectivity, multiple user profiles, memory storage).
1. Omron Platinum Blood Pressure Monitor
The Omron Platinum Blood Pressure Monitor is a medical device designed to measure and monitor your blood pressure at home. Omron is a well-known brand that specializes in manufacturing various healthcare products, including blood pressure monitors. The “Platinum” model likely refers to a specific version of their blood pressure monitor that comes with advanced features and technology for accurate readings and ease of use.
Key features of the Omron Platinum Blood Pressure Monitor might include:
Accuracy: Omron blood pressure monitors are generally known for their accuracy and reliability. They use advanced algorithms and sensor technology to provide consistent and precise blood pressure readings.
Bluetooth Connectivity: Some advanced Omron models, including potentially the Platinum version, come with Bluetooth connectivity. This feature allows you to sync your blood pressure readings with a smartphone or other compatible devices. This can be useful for tracking your readings over time and sharing them with your healthcare provider.
Multi-User Memory: Many Omron monitors offer multi-user memory storage. This allows multiple users to track their blood pressure readings separately, making it suitable for households with more than one person monitoring their blood pressure.
Hypertension Indicator: Some models include a hypertension indicator that alerts you if your blood pressure readings fall into the hypertensive range. This can help you quickly identify potential health concerns.
Cuff Size: It’s important to choose a blood pressure monitor with a cuff size that fits your arm comfortably. Omron typically offers different cuff sizes to accommodate different arm sizes.
Large Display: The display on the monitor might be designed to be easy to read, with large numbers and clear indicators.
AC Adapter: Some models might come with an AC adapter, allowing you to plug the monitor into an electrical outlet for power, which can be convenient to avoid relying solely on batteries.
Compatibility: Check if the monitor is compatible with Omron’s proprietary apps or other third-party health tracking apps. This can enhance the functionality of the monitor by allowing you to store and analyze your blood pressure data over time.
2. Withings BPM Connect
The Withings BPM Connect is another popular blood pressure monitor designed for home use. Withings is a company that focuses on health and fitness technology, and their BPM Connect model is designed to provide accurate and convenient blood pressure measurements.
Key features of the Withings BPM Connect may include:
Accuracy: Like other reputable blood pressure monitors, the Withings BPM Connect is designed to provide accurate blood pressure measurements. It utilizes advanced technology to ensure consistent and reliable readings.
Wireless Connectivity: The “Connect” in its name refers to its wireless connectivity capabilities. The BPM Connect can sync with your smartphone or other compatible devices via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. This enables you to track and store your blood pressure readings over time using the Withings Health Mate app or other health tracking apps.
Compact Design: The BPM Connect is usually designed to be compact and portable, making it easy to take measurements at home or even while traveling.
Multi-User Profiles: Similar to other advanced models, the BPM Connect typically allows multiple users to create profiles and store their individual blood pressure readings. This feature is useful for households with multiple individuals monitoring their blood pressure.
Hypertension Indicator: It may have a built-in feature that alerts you if your blood pressure readings fall into the hypertensive range, helping you identify potential health concerns.
Rechargeable Battery: The BPM Connect often comes with a rechargeable battery, eliminating the need for frequent battery replacements. This is eco-friendly and convenient.
Easy-to-Read Display: The monitor is usually designed with a clear and easy-to-read display, showing your blood pressure measurements and other relevant information.
Compatibility: The BPM Connect is typically designed to be compatible with various platforms and apps, allowing you to seamlessly integrate your blood pressure data into your overall health tracking routine.
Health Data Sharing: With its wireless connectivity, you can often share your blood pressure data with healthcare professionals or family members, facilitating discussions about your health.
3. Beurer BM67 Blood Pressure Monitor
The Beurer BM67 is a digital blood pressure monitor designed for measuring blood pressure and pulse rate at home. It’s produced by Beurer, a company that specializes in manufacturing a wide range of health and wellness products, including various medical devices and home healthcare products.
The Beurer BM67 blood pressure monitor typically features the following characteristics:
Digital Display: The monitor features a digital display that shows your blood pressure readings and pulse rate clearly, making it easy to read and understand.
Upper Arm Cuff: The monitor usually comes with an upper arm cuff that you wrap around your upper arm to measure your blood pressure accurately. It’s important to choose the right cuff size for accurate measurements.
Automatic Inflation and Deflation: The monitor often includes automatic inflation and deflation, which means that it inflates the cuff to the appropriate pressure level and then gradually releases the pressure to obtain accurate readings.
Memory Storage: The BM67 typically has a memory function that allows you to store multiple sets of blood pressure readings. This can be useful for tracking changes in your blood pressure over time and sharing the information with your healthcare provider.
Irregular Heartbeat Detection: Many modern blood pressure monitors, including the BM67, have the capability to detect irregular heartbeats during the measurement process. This can be helpful in identifying potential heart health issues.
Date and Time Display: The monitor often includes a date and time display, which is useful for keeping track of when your blood pressure measurements were taken.
Multiple Users: Some models of the BM67 support multiple user profiles, allowing different individuals to store their blood pressure readings separately.
AC Adapter and Batteries: The monitor might come with an AC adapter for continuous power supply, as well as the option to use batteries for portability.
Bluetooth Connectivity (Optional): Depending on the model, the BM67 might have Bluetooth connectivity that allows you to sync your blood pressure data with a smartphone app for easier tracking and sharing with your healthcare provider.
4. A&D Medical Upper Arm Blood Pressure Monitor
A&D Medical is a company that specializes in the design and manufacture of medical monitoring and diagnostic equipment, including blood pressure monitors. An “Upper Arm Blood Pressure Monitor” from A&D Medical refers to a device used to measure blood pressure at the upper arm.
Blood pressure monitors are essential medical devices used to measure two values: systolic pressure (the higher value) and diastolic pressure (the lower value). These values represent the force of blood against the walls of arteries during heartbeats (systolic) and the resting period between beats (diastolic).
An “Upper Arm Blood Pressure Monitor” typically consists of an inflatable cuff that is wrapped around the upper arm, a pressure sensor or gauge to measure the pressure in the cuff, and a display unit to show the measured blood pressure values. To use the monitor, the cuff is inflated to temporarily cut off blood flow through the artery. As the pressure in the cuff is slowly released, the monitor detects the point at which blood starts to flow through the artery again. This is used to determine the systolic and diastolic blood pressure values.
Features of A&D Medical’s upper arm blood pressure monitors might include:
Digital Display: These monitors usually have a digital display that shows the measured blood pressure values along with pulse rate.
Automatic Inflation and Deflation: Many modern monitors are automated, meaning they inflate and deflate the cuff automatically, simplifying the measurement process.
Memory and Data Storage: Some monitors can store past readings, allowing users to track their blood pressure over time.
Cuff Size: It’s important to use the correct cuff size for accurate readings. Some monitors come with adjustable cuffs to fit various arm sizes.
Irregular Heartbeat Detection: Some models have the ability to detect irregular heartbeats, which can provide important information about cardiovascular health.
Bluetooth Connectivity: Some advanced models might have Bluetooth or other connectivity options, allowing users to sync their readings with smartphones or other devices for easier tracking and sharing with healthcare professionals.
Clinically Validated: Quality blood pressure monitors are often clinically validated to ensure their accuracy and reliability.
When choosing an upper arm blood pressure monitor, it’s important to consider factors such as accuracy, ease of use, cuff size, display readability, and any additional features that might be important to you. It’s also a good idea to consult with a healthcare professional for recommendations based on your specific needs.
5. Welch Allyn FlexiPort Blood Pressure Cuff
The Welch Allyn FlexiPort Blood Pressure Cuff is a medical device used to measure blood pressure in patients. Welch Allyn is a well-known manufacturer of medical diagnostic equipment, and the FlexiPort Blood Pressure Cuff is one of their products designed for accurate and efficient blood pressure monitoring.
The “FlexiPort” feature in the cuff’s name refers to a proprietary technology by Welch Allyn that allows the cuff to be easily connected and disconnected from the blood pressure monitor. This technology enables healthcare professionals to switch between different cuff sizes and styles without needing to replace the entire cuff assembly. This can be especially useful in clinical settings where patients of varying sizes are being treated.
The blood pressure cuff itself is typically made from a soft, flexible material that wraps around the patient’s arm. It is inflated to a certain pressure level using a connected pump or automated mechanism, which temporarily cuts off blood flow in the arm. As the pressure is slowly released, the healthcare provider uses a stethoscope to listen for the sounds of blood flow (Korotkoff sounds) while watching the pressure gauge. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings are determined based on these sounds and pressure levels.
The FlexiPort Blood Pressure Cuff, as part of Welch Allyn’s product line, aims to provide accurate and reliable blood pressure measurements while offering convenience and ease of use for healthcare professionals.
6. QardioArm Blood Pressure Monitor
The QardioArm Blood Pressure Monitor is a medical device designed to measure and monitor blood pressure levels. It is manufactured by a company called Qardio, which specializes in creating smart health monitoring solutions. The QardioArm Blood Pressure Monitor is designed to be portable and easy to use, making it suitable for at-home blood pressure monitoring and tracking.
Key features of the QardioArm Blood Pressure Monitor typically include:
Bluetooth Connectivity: The device often comes equipped with Bluetooth technology, allowing it to connect to smartphones, tablets, and other compatible devices. This enables users to easily sync their blood pressure readings and track their progress over time through dedicated mobile apps.
Accurate Measurements: The QardioArm is designed to provide accurate blood pressure measurements, including systolic and diastolic pressure, as well as heart rate. Many models also incorporate advanced sensor technology to ensure reliable and consistent readings.
User-Friendly Design: QardioArm devices are typically designed with user convenience in mind. They often have a compact and portable design, making them suitable for travel and everyday use. The cuff is usually adjustable and comfortable to wear.
Mobile App Integration: Qardio often offers a companion mobile app that allows users to store, track, and manage their blood pressure readings over time. The app might provide features like data visualization, reminders for regular measurements, and the option to share data with healthcare professionals.
Data Sharing: Some models may have the capability to share data with healthcare providers or family members, which can be useful for those who require monitoring and support from their healthcare team.
Hypertension Management: The QardioArm Blood Pressure Monitor might provide features to help users manage their hypertension or other cardiovascular conditions. This could include features like setting personalized blood pressure targets and receiving notifications for irregular readings.
Integration with Health Platforms: Depending on the model and compatibility, the QardioArm may integrate with popular health platforms like Apple Health or Google Fit, allowing users to consolidate their health data in one place.
7. ADC Prosphyg 760 Blood Pressure Kit
The ADC Prosphyg 760 is a blood pressure kit commonly used for measuring blood pressure in medical settings. It typically includes a stethoscope and an aneroid sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff and pressure gauge). Here’s a breakdown of the components and their functions:
Aneroid Sphygmomanometer (Blood Pressure Cuff and Pressure Gauge): The aneroid sphygmomanometer is the main component used to measure blood pressure. It consists of a cuff that is wrapped around the upper arm, a pressure bulb used to inflate the cuff, and a pressure gauge that displays the pressure reading.
When the cuff is inflated, it temporarily stops blood flow in the arm. As the pressure in the cuff is slowly released, a healthcare provider uses a stethoscope to listen for the Korotkoff sounds, which indicate the systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings.
Stethoscope: The stethoscope is used to listen to the Korotkoff sounds, which are the sounds produced by blood flow when the cuff’s pressure is released. The healthcare provider places the stethoscope on the brachial artery in the arm under the cuff. The sounds are used to identify the systolic (first sound) and diastolic (disappearance of sound) blood pressure readings.
Cuff and Bladder: The cuff is placed around the upper arm and is typically made of fabric with an inflatable bladder inside. The bladder inflates when the pressure bulb is squeezed, applying pressure to the brachial artery to temporarily stop blood flow. The cuff size is important for accurate readings; using an improperly sized cuff can lead to inaccurate measurements.
The Prosphyg 760 blood pressure kit, like other similar kits, is widely used by healthcare professionals to monitor and assess patients’ blood pressure. It’s important to ensure proper technique while using the kit to obtain accurate readings.
How Does a Blood Pressure Gauge Work?
A blood pressure gauge, also known as a sphygmomanometer, is a medical device used to measure blood pressure. It works based on the principle of using pressure to compress an artery in the arm and then gradually releasing the pressure while monitoring the flow of blood through the artery. There are two main types of blood pressure gauges: manual and electronic (digital).
Manual Blood Pressure Gauge
Cuff Inflation: The process starts by wrapping an inflatable cuff around the upper arm, typically just above the elbow. The cuff is connected to a rubber bulb that can be manually squeezed to inflate the cuff with air. The goal is to temporarily stop blood flow in the brachial artery, which is the main artery in the arm.
Palpation and Auscultation: As the cuff inflates, the pressure inside the cuff exceeds the systolic pressure (the higher value of blood pressure) in the artery, causing the blood flow to stop. A healthcare provider (or the individual if they are self-monitoring) then palpates (feels) the radial pulse or brachial artery to locate the point where the pulse disappears. This is the estimated systolic pressure.
Pressure Release: Slowly, the pressure in the cuff is released by gently opening a valve on the manual bulb. As the pressure inside the cuff drops, it eventually falls below the diastolic pressure (the lower value of blood pressure). At this point, blood flow begins to resume in the artery.
Korotkoff Sounds: As blood flow resumes, turbulent blood flow through the partially compressed artery generates sounds called Korotkoff sounds. These sounds are heard through a stethoscope placed over the brachial artery. The first sound heard corresponds to the systolic pressure, and the point where the sounds disappear corresponds to the diastolic pressure.
Electronic (Digital) Blood Pressure Gauge
Digital blood pressure gauges automate the process of measuring blood pressure and displaying the results on a digital screen. Here’s how they work:
Cuff Inflation: Similar to the manual cuff, an inflatable cuff is placed around the upper arm, and the device automatically inflates the cuff to a pressure that temporarily stops blood flow in the brachial artery.
Pressure Sensing: The digital device contains pressure sensors that detect changes in pressure. As the cuff inflates and then gradually deflates, the sensors monitor the pressure changes in the cuff and the corresponding changes in blood flow in the artery.
Measurement and Display: The device’s electronics process the pressure data and use algorithms to determine the systolic and diastolic pressures based on the detected changes in blood flow and pressure. The calculated values are then displayed on the digital screen.
Digital blood pressure gauges are more user-friendly and eliminate the need for manual auscultation, making them easier to use for individuals without medical training. However, it’s important to ensure the device is properly calibrated and used according to instructions for accurate measurements.
When High Blood Pressure Can Cause the Heart to Fail
High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a condition where the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently too high. Over time, this increased pressure can damage the arteries and other organs, including the heart. High blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart failure, a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively to meet the body’s needs.
High blood pressure can lead to heart failure through several mechanisms:
Increased Workload: The heart has to work harder to pump blood against the elevated pressure in the arteries. This can cause the heart muscles to thicken and enlarge (hypertrophy), which is an initial adaptation to meet the increased demand. However, over time, this can lead to stiffness of the heart muscle and reduced pumping efficiency.
Damage to Blood Vessels: Elevated blood pressure can cause damage to the inner lining of blood vessels, promoting the buildup of fatty deposits (atherosclerosis). Atherosclerosis narrows the arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle. This can lead to ischemia (lack of oxygen and nutrients) in the heart muscle, weakening it and contributing to heart failure.
Increased Risk of Heart Attacks: High blood pressure is a significant risk factor for heart attacks (myocardial infarctions). A heart attack occurs when the blood supply to a portion of the heart muscle is blocked, causing damage to that area. Repeated heart attacks or prolonged ischemia can damage the heart muscle and impair its ability to pump effectively.
Fluid Retention: Chronic high blood pressure can cause the heart to work inefficiently, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs and other parts of the body. This fluid retention can further strain the heart, making it harder for it to pump blood efficiently.
Cardiomyopathy: High blood pressure can contribute to the development of a condition known as hypertensive cardiomyopathy, where the heart muscle becomes weakened and less effective at pumping blood. This condition is a common cause of heart failure.
Arrhythmias: High blood pressure can also lead to irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias), which can compromise the heart’s pumping ability and contribute to heart failure.
It’s important to note that not everyone with high blood pressure will develop heart failure. However, uncontrolled and prolonged high blood pressure significantly increases the risk.
Managing blood pressure through lifestyle changes (such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, weight management, reduced salt intake, limited alcohol consumption, and stress management) and, if necessary, medication prescribed by a healthcare professional, can help mitigate these risks and prevent the development of heart failure. Regular medical check-ups and early intervention are crucial in managing high blood pressure and preventing its potential complications.
When Systolic Pressure is Identified
Systolic pressure is one of the two measurements recorded when measuring blood pressure. It represents the maximum pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries when the heart contracts and pumps blood out into the circulatory system. The other measurement is diastolic pressure, which represents the minimum pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.
Systolic pressure is identified by listening for the first clear, rhythmic sound while using a blood pressure cuff and a stethoscope or an automated blood pressure monitoring device. This sound is known as the “Korotkoff sound.” As the pressure in the cuff is gradually released after being inflated, there’s a point where blood begins to flow through the constricted artery, creating turbulent blood flow that produces audible sounds.
The first distinct sound heard corresponds to the opening of the artery during a heartbeat, and it indicates the systolic pressure. The sound eventually fades as the pressure in the cuff continues to decrease until no sound is heard. The point at which the sounds begin and end gives the healthcare provider or individual taking their own blood pressure an accurate measure of systolic and diastolic pressure.
It’s important to note that modern automated blood pressure monitors do not require a stethoscope. They use sensors to detect the Korotkoff sounds and display the systolic and diastolic pressure directly on the monitor’s screen.
Monitoring blood pressure is crucial for assessing cardiovascular health and identifying potential issues like hypertension (high blood pressure) or hypotension (low blood pressure).
What Number of Indicates the Pressure
The number that indicates the pressure usually depends on the context you’re referring to. In various situations, pressure can be measured in different units and represented by different numbers. Here are a few examples:
Atmospheric Pressure: Atmospheric pressure is often measured in units of millimeters of mercury (mmHg) or hectopascals (hPa). Standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is around 1013.25 hPa or 760 mmHg.
Tire Pressure: Tire pressure in vehicles is usually measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilopascals (kPa). Recommended tire pressures vary based on the type of vehicle and its use.
Blood Pressure: Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is usually represented as a pair of numbers (systolic/diastolic), like “120/80 mmHg”. The first number (systolic) represents the pressure when the heart beats, and the second number (diastolic) represents the pressure when the heart is at rest between beats.
Barometric Pressure: Barometric pressure, like atmospheric pressure, can be measured in units such as inches of mercury (inHg) or millibars (mbar or hPa).
Industrial Pressure: In industrial settings, pressure can be measured in various units such as pascals (Pa), bars, kilopascals (kPa), and more, depending on the industry and equipment.
Hydrostatic Pressure: In fluid mechanics, hydrostatic pressure can be calculated using the formula P = ρgh, where P is the pressure, ρ is the fluid density, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the fluid column.
Steam Pressure: In steam systems, pressure can be measured in pounds per square inch gauge (psig) or pounds per square inch absolute (psia).
In each of these cases, the number that indicates the pressure will vary based on the specific unit of measurement and the circumstances involved. Make sure to provide more context or specify the type of pressure you’re referring to for a more accurate answer.
Q: What is a blood pressure gauge?
A: A blood pressure gauge, also known as a blood pressure monitor or sphygmomanometer, is a medical device used to measure a person’s blood pressure. It consists of an inflatable cuff to temporarily stop the blood flow, a pressure meter to measure the pressure in the cuff, and a display to show the resulting blood pressure values.
Q: Why are blood pressure gauges important?
A: Blood pressure gauges are crucial for monitoring cardiovascular health. High blood pressure (hypertension) is a common condition that can lead to serious health issues such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney problems. Regular blood pressure monitoring helps individuals and healthcare professionals identify and manage high blood pressure.
Q: How do I choose a blood pressure gauge?
A: When choosing a blood pressure gauge, consider factors such as accuracy, ease of use, cuff size, display readability, memory features, and any additional features you might need. Some monitors are automatic, while others are manual. It’s important to choose a monitor that fits your needs and is validated for accuracy.
Q: What are the different types of blood pressure gauges?
A: There are two main types of blood pressure gauges: manual and automatic. Manual gauges require the user to inflate the cuff and listen for the Korotkoff sounds using a stethoscope. Automatic or digital gauges inflate the cuff and display the blood pressure readings automatically on a digital screen.
Q: Are automatic blood pressure gauges accurate?
A: Many automatic blood pressure gauges are accurate if used correctly. However, accuracy can vary between models and brands. It’s important to choose a monitor that has been validated for accuracy according to medical standards. Regular calibration and maintenance are also important to ensure accuracy.
Q: How do I use a blood pressure gauge?
A: The process of using a blood pressure gauge can vary depending on whether it’s a manual or automatic monitor. Generally, you’ll need to wrap the cuff around your upper arm, position it correctly, and then inflate the cuff. For manual monitors, you’ll use a stethoscope to listen for the Korotkoff sounds, while automatic monitors will display the readings on their screen.
Q: Where can I find reviews for blood pressure gauges?
A: You can find reviews for blood pressure gauges on various online platforms, including e-commerce websites, health product review websites, and medical forums. Look for reviews from reputable sources and consider both user reviews and expert opinions to make an informed decision.
Q: What should I look for in blood pressure gauge reviews?
A: Look for reviews that discuss accuracy, ease of use, comfort of the cuff, display readability, battery life, memory features, and overall user experience. Pay attention to any recurring issues or positive attributes mentioned across multiple reviews.
Blood pressure gauges play a vital role in monitoring cardiovascular health and preventing potential complications. Choosing the right blood pressure gauge involves careful consideration of various factors, including accuracy, ease of use, cuff size, features, durability, and more. Reviews can be incredibly helpful in making an informed decision, but it’s important to approach them critically and prioritize information from reputable sources.
In the end, the choice of a blood pressure gauge should be based on a combination of accurate information from reviews, recommendations from healthcare professionals, and a consideration of your individual health requirements. Investing in a reliable blood pressure gauge can contribute to your overall health and well-being by facilitating effective monitoring and management of your cardiovascular health.


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i am 16 and i have crowded teeth, but only in the front of my mouth.& i also have a weird snaggletooth-which is why i am fearful the product wont work. Do you think this product will work for me? i have been looking into this for a while but i am fearful it wont work and i will have to get metal braces.
Will Invisalign Work for Crowded Teeth / Snaggletooth?
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Doctor Answers 3
Invisalign and Clear Braces -
Hi- I would recommend that you see an orthodontist who can best assess your teeth and bite and give you the best treatment options for your case. It is possible that you are a candidate for invisalign, but it is hard to tell having not seen your teeth. If invisalign is not an option, there are now clear ceramic braces that look much better than the metal braces.
Invisalign "COULD" fix a problem like this
Although any orthodontist or dentist doing orthodontist would have to evaluate your situation, more and more complex cases are being handled successfully with Invisalign treatment. The snaggletooth could be a problem, but many times teeth quite far out of alignment can be handled nicely. We now use attachments on the teeth so that the aligners can have a better grip on a problem tooth. Crowding of teeth may mean that the jaws are too narrow. We use expansion before Invisalign in many cases where the crowding is extreme and beyond the scope of traditional Invisalign. In this way we can still do many extreme cases with Invisalign.
Invisalign can fix Snaggle tooth!
Invisalign can now fix teeth like yours. We can place a clear button on the snaggle tooth and pull it into position. Once its where it needs to be then the button can be removed and you can continue with your Invisalign treatment...
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These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.

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If you play contact sports it is always best to wear a gum shield to protect your teeth in the event of them getting hit.
Trauma to your upper incisor teeth is extremely painful when the event happens and can result in significant damage to the teeth which can have a negative effect on your appearance and could mean you having to have many hours of dental treatment to have fillings, root canal treatments, perhaps extraction, bridge or implant placement. Needless to say, the more extensive the treatment you require, the more it will cost you in time and in money – you could end up spending many thousands of pounds over your lifetime, all because of one accident. If you wear a fixed orthodontic appliance and do not wear a gum shield, if your teeth are hit, the brace will give some support to your teeth but the advice given by dental professional bodies is to wear a gum shield for contact sports when you are having orthodontic treatment.
If your brace is removable then you can take your brace out and put in your gum shield while playing the contact sport. Make sure you put your brace in your gum shield box and as soon as you have finished your sport, place your brace back in your mouth.
If your brace is fixed to your teeth you will require an orthodontic gum shield. There are two features specific to an orthodontic gum shield which are not found in regular (non-orthodontic) gum shields:
- It fits over the brace and will not pull the brace off when it is being inserted or removed
- It has space inside it to allow the teeth to move It is extremely important that the gum shield will allow the teeth to move, otherwise your orthodontic treatment will be slowed down or simply may not work.
Gum shields may be custom made (i.e made to fit a specific patient) or generic (i.e can be adapted to fit any patient, often called “boil and bite”).
To have a custom made gum shield your dentist or orthodontist will need to take an impression of your top teeth. This is usually sent to a dental laboratory where the technician will make a model of your teeth and make your gum shield on the model of the teeth. If you wear a fixed orthodontic appliance, it is best if the upper arch wire is removed before the impression is taken and replaced immediately afterwards.
There is a limited number of generic gum shields that are suitable for wearing with orthodontic braces (eg SISU, Shock Doctor, Opro Shield). At Armagh Orthodontic Clinic we recommend and provide SISU gum shields http://www.sisuguard.com/. SISU mouth guards were developed in the USA by an ENT surgeon and were popular in many American contact sports before making their way to Europe. The modern technology used in SISU gum shields means that they absorb the energy in an impact and give superior protection to the teeth relative to other “boil and bite” mouth guards. In addition they are comfortable, can be kept in while drinking and talking and can be re-moulded multiple times while your teeth move.In addition they are comfortable, can be kept in while drinking and talking and can be re-moulded multiple times while your teeth move.
The SISU company has such confidence in the protection that their gum shields offer that they provide an insurance with their gum shields to pay for the cost of treatment if a dental injury occurred while a properly-fitted SISU mouth guard was being worn.
If you wear a fixed orthodontic appliance, the first fitting of your SISU gum shield should be carried out by an orthodontist.
Armagh Orthodontic Clinic stocks SISU gum shields and can be purchased by anybody (price £25). We will also fit them for free for our patients.


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In the past, the use of CBD based products has sparked a massive shift in the health industry. Based on research findings, CBD can be used to provide natural pain relief for many health conditions ranging from epilepsy, arthritis, to cancer. While its benefits can be significant for anyone struggling with some form of body ache, this article focuses on the significance of CBD for seniors.
The number of people who successfully live past 65 years has been increasing over the years. While some people transition to this age in a healthy state, others do not get the chance to enjoy good health at old age. CBD, thus, is perceived to be a perfectly positioned solution aimed at improving the health of our seniors. As you seek more information about CBD from https://www.hmhb.org/what-is-cbd/, here are some health benefits of CBD for the older populations.
Nearly every senior you meet on the streets is struggling with some form of pain and inflammation. Medical statistics reveal that close to half of the senior population suffers from arthritis and close to 80 of the total senior population struggle with chronic pain. These statistics paint a worrying picture of our old population. Seniors, therefore, could benefit significantly from the use of CBD in pain alleviation.
Promotes Bone Health
Osteoporosis or weakening of the bone comes about when one gets older. This condition is caused by the loss of minerals in the bones, which makes them weaker. This makes the bone prone to breaking and fractures. Most seniors, thus, are forced to live with severe pains from fractures whenever they are involved in any form of accident. The use of CBD has been shown to have a positive effect on bone health. Combined with its pain relief features, CBD-based products are ideal for our seniors.
Improves Quality of Sleep
As much as anyone can experience some sleeping disorders such as insomnia, sleepless is quite common among seniors. Doctors have every reason to conclude that things such as shifts in sleeping patterns, hormonal imbalance, and use of some prescription medication cause sleeplessness experienced by seniors. Instead of using sleeping medications, seniors can find better help from CBD.
Besides the benefits highlighted above, seniors who use CBD products stand to enjoy other health benefits such as improved heart health, reduced anxiety levels, and the ability to overcome an addiction problem. It is worth noting that as much as CBD products can be used to improve the life of a senior, they are good for everyone.…


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In bodybuilding, it is always about the size of weight that you can lift and the period of lifting, side effects of steroids hair lossand growth and the possibility of heart damage. So steroids will increase testosterone levels but is it not also about the heart? No doubt in my mind. So, after having spent many of years researching and writing about this topic, I realized that I have been looking at the wrong issue. There are only two relevant things to take into consideration: What is steroid therapy and how does this matter? How does it affect the heart? What is steroid therapy? Steroid therapy is a surgical procedure undertaken in order to help stop excess testosterone levels in an athlete's body. Steroid therapy removes excess steroid levels from the body. This surgery can be done in the following ways, most often as a part of bodybuilding: Excessive steroids can be removed surgically as part of bodybuilding. Asteroid is injected as part of a bodybuilding routine (eg, by a physio to help with the muscle growth process). Asteroid is injected over the course of a certain time period (eg, 1-2 weeks) to improve certain muscle mass. There are lots of different ways of removing excessive steroids. If you have read any of these articles: Some doctors suggest that the time period of operation starts at a younger age. Some doctors suggest that steroid may also be injected directly to testicular tissues. Steroid therapy can be done in a variety of ways and is generally done at a medical clinic. Excess steroid can be removed surgically through most methods. This will include: Surgery Chemotherapy Bulk steroids can also be removed surgically in a variety of ways including: The use of drugs like tamoxifen or raloxifene to block an enzyme called Cyp5a2 that is a potent inhibitor of testosterone. Excessive steroid can also be removed surgically through most methods (eg, injection through a needle to test the glands or by using a small incision or balloon placement). This might be used in combination with another method to remove excess amounts of steroid. For instance, one may inject the steroid into the testicle. The use of cysteine-rich steroids (eg methylprednisone) in combination with a cyclosporine (Cialis) pill can remove excess cysteine, and may also reduce the testosterone level. Steroid therapy and the heart As a result of the increase in Similar articles:


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- Checks your progression level: an easy and useful button is attached to your Fitbit device. It is a beneficial button that helps to switch between your tracked progression levels. It will be your guide, and motivation towards adding more extreme levels to your health fitness activities.
- Tiny and discreet: The Fitbit isn’t very large at all. You won’t have to worry about people seeing your Fitbit as evidence towards you losing weight. It is just big enough to clip it onto your clothes or to tuck it away in your pocket comfortably. You can see an example of the size in the photos on Fitbit reviews site.
- Graphs and Statics: All of your fitness activities are tracked through your Fitbit day to day. These activities can be checked on Fitbit.com, as well as your sleep and your progression state. On the Fitbit website you will find many images and graphs all about where your health rate is. You can compare your progression to other peoples in your same range and age group. With this advantage you will know where you stand in your health fitness as the Fitbit reviews and analyzes a lot of data.
- Upload it wirelessly: How does Fitbit.com know what your fitness level is at though? Whenever your Fitbit is plugged into your base station, or even 15 feet away from the base station without even one push of a button it downloads automatically. The Fitbit does everything for you, all you have to do is get to work on a health routine and your Fitbit device will do the rest.
- Share through social networks: A supportive group is the perfect boost of motivation towards your new routines. Try including your family and friends, or other people who are looking to lose weight. Set targets of competition, this will definitely get you and your partner to work. If you are not the competitive type just try getting some advice from your support group and you can give some advice to them as well. Remember when working out it’s all about the right motivation to get you going.
- Log meals and workouts: if you are to simply log onto your computer or smart phone you can include more information into your data. This could include workouts, or foods, and other things too. You can find up to 100,000 menu’s of food! You can also include some of your favourite specific exercises. If it’s kickboxing to yoga, as long as it’s a workout you can include it. With the Fitbit you can also track your heart rate, blood pressure, and even your glucose level as shown in these Fitbit reviews.
- Android and iPhone apps: This is pretty straight forward. With the Fitbit app you can log your workouts onto your cellular devices.
The Benefits Of Fitbit Pedometers
- Accuracy: The Fitbit is simple, and tracks and records data accurately including your food, fluids, sleep, and workouts. You can then review it later.
- Tracks sleep: for people with disruptive sleeps this information is very useful, and perhaps one of the most underrated fitbit features.
- Websites: To compare and watch your progression level over time on day to day bases.
- Battery: the battery is chargeable, and has a long lasting life.Size: light weight and small the Fitbit is the perfect tracking device. It is easy to carry around even when you are travelling.
- Motivation: It makes it so you want to continue with your workouts and dieting.Helps: With the Fitbit you will be motivated, and perhaps achieve all of your fitness goals.
- Easy to use: the Fitbit is definitely user friendly, and simple to use. Issues will be rare with this cute device.
The Final Verdict on Fitbit Reviews
The Fitbit tracks every step you take in fitness, and it tracks it accurately. The Fitbit is in many ways a perfect guide, and motivation towards weight loss. It is a great device to have for anybody looking to lose weight, its small, discreet, and worth the cost. Everybody who has it loves it, Fitbit is the best and most accurate weight loss gadget, and I feel every person looking to improve their health should have one. Read our Fitbit reviews and you will surely agree.


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Health Dynamics has moved in HobartShop 2. 81 Macquarie Steert Hobart 7000 ( 50 meters below the interception of Macqaurie & Argyle Streets on the left hand side of the road ). LOOK FOR THE FLAGS.
Health DynamicsHealth Dynamics is a Tasmanian Company experienced in Sleep Apnea Products, Oxygen therapy & Services specialist, in providing a quality service to Tasmanians we strive to be unique. One way to be unique is to have the best products and the best staff with the most experience. Providing expert advice, service & education on sleep apnoea treatment.
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Fit for Health
Supporting you to manage long-term health conditions
About Fit for Health
Fit for Health is a 16 week physical activity referral programme for people aged over 16 years who are living with one, or more, of the following long-term health conditions
What happens at a session?
Fit for Health classes have been designed to meet a wide range of fitness levels and individual ability. You have the choice of attending studio-based classes or gym-based classes.
- Studio based group activity: a circuit style class designed to work the whole body with a combination of upper and lower body exercises. Each exercise can be adapted to meet your individual needs and your level of ability. The session is delivered and managed by one of our Level 4 specialist health instructors. As you progress over the 16 weeks, you will be encouraged to increase your activity and reduce your rest time.
- Gym based sessions: these sessions are the perfect opportunity for you to have an exercise programme designed for you by a Level 4 specialist health instructor. The sessions will consist of coaching you on how and why to use different machines, including advice on intensity levels and a personalised programme that will benefit you for the duration of the course.
We also encourage you to be active between your weekly classes so you will be given an Edinburgh Leisure card which will give you subsidised access to our gyms, pools and fitness classes out with your Fit for Health classes and you can also take part in our pre-recorded session at home at any time using this link - click here.
Only attempt this class if you are feeling well enough to do so and ensure your workout space is safe and clear of hazards. If at any point you feel sick, dizzy, or ill, STOP and seek medical advice. Remember to stay hydrated throughout the class.
How much does it cost?
Each class lasts 1 hour and it won't cost you anything to attend.
How can I access it?
If you think Fit for Health could help you, please speak to your health professional who can make a referral on your behalf. Once we receive your referral a member of our Active Communities team will contact you to invite you to your first session.
What happens after the programme?
At the end of your 16-week programme, your instructor will discuss a range of options to help you continue to be physically active.
For more information about Fit for Health contact our Active Communities team on 0131 458 2260 or email email@example.com.
Fit for Health is delivered by Edinburgh Leisure in partnership with the Edinburgh Health & Social Care Partnership.


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Letting Mother Nature clear up your pores and skin troubles does now not mean simply “letting nature take its route” and leaving things to type themselves out. Anyone with pores and skin-related troubles will inform you that doing nothing will no longer work. You need assist!
Whether you’ve got zits, dry or oily skin, hyperpigmentation or fantastically touchy pores and skin, you may discover that there’s a product to solve your hassle. Every pores and skin care product need to have an aspect label on it. You should examine this label, as this is in which you find out what it is you are on the brink of put onto your pores and skin. Are there harsh chemical substances, cancer-inflicting components or artificial fragrances in that jar that will harm you?
There are a few products which are virtually harmful to you. They are not herbal, so they don’t belong in your pores and skin. For example, petrochemicals are petroleum-primarily based materials. They can damage your blood, your kidneys, nerves and spinal twine. They may even purpose most cancers. These risky chemical compounds may be discovered in some synthetic dyes positioned in beauty products further to other petrochemicals.
Parabens aren’t natural
They are preservatives used in lots of products to prolong the products’ shelf existence. They can reason cancer. Look for substances that cease with the word “paraben” and you may understand it’s miles there. Phthalates are a very toxic component in a few skin care lotions.
If your label consists of Dibutylphthalate, beware. This is an unnatural aspect to region to your frame. It works to help the cream or lotion take in into the skin quickly, but is it really worth your fitness to achieve this?
products which might be crafted from herbal components.
Make a aware decision to most effective select products which might be crafted from herbal components. They paintings nicely, regularly even higher than chemically engineered components can. There are many more pores and skin care items you should buy in recent times which are evidently made because human beings are a lot greater aware about their fitness.
They additionally realise which you don’t need chemical substances for you to attain the look you need to your skin. Nature become made that will help you to your manner to beauty and adolescents.
Natural skin take care of acne pores and skin want no longer include bad elements to be able to paintings. Botanically-based totally elements used in a natural skin care for acne pores and skin product will reduce zits breakouts and infection because the skin additionally heals. Natural pores and skin care for acne pores and skin elements may include the antioxidants such as Vitamin C.
Natural pores and skin take care of dry skin is even easier to gain. Many creams can claim herbal skin care for dry skin that paintings fairly well with out causing harm. In fact, there are herbal skin take care of dry pores and skin treatments that are also super for touchy pores and skin.
Natural maple and Vitamins A and E paintings well as herbal skin take care of sensitive pores and skin at the same time. Sweet or even bitter almond oil and licorice extract work nicely for dry skin in addition to for touchy skin.
The best natural skin take care of oily pores and skin will control and restrict your skin’s oil manufacturing the usage of nature’s fine products. Natural pores and skin take care of oily pores and skin may include Nordhydroguaiaretic Acid, a botanical antioxidant compound that decreases oil manufacturing.
If your problem is darkish spots or hyperpigmentation there’s a natural bleaching product obtainable for you. Natural bleaching may be completed by way of making your own concoction with lemons and different culmination. But this takes time and it may be intricate to get the recipe amounts right down to a technology.
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It also will no longer work in addition to a professionally made product. There are super herbal bleaching lotions you may use, along with Ageless Derma Skin Brightener Cream, that incorporate an aspect along with Belides. Belides is crafted from the daisy flower.
It is scientifically confirmed to paintings in as low as weeks to lighten liver spots and even out skin pigmentation. Ingredients made up of mulberry and grape juices have additionally been proven to reduce the look of age spots in Ageless Derma’s cream. Finally, Vitamin C is a super addition to a bleaching cream and it additionally works as an antioxidant.
Dealing with pimples and other skin problems, mainly on one’s face, can be extraordinarily difficult at times. There are many factors that move into why a person, young or antique, has pimple outbreaks, blackheads, or reoccurring blemishes. Some of those elements are genetic however others can be dealt with. This piece of writing is going to the touch on some elements which can help with the treatment of those problem areas.
The human body reacts in your inner feelings in greater ways than simply tension. With the overall anxiety, your skin can take a beating on the subject of outbreaks of zits, cold sores, and in some cases even shingles. The reaction of the body is so hit and omit that it makes it difficult to contain though it is able to be eased via mirrored image, respiratory techniques, and operating out.
We see it in wild animals time and again; they select their face, hair, and frame to remove their itches, scabs, and loose skin. Humans are not wild animals – stop performing this manner. By selecting at pimples and exposing them to the grimy environment around you, you run the danger of more breakouts to that vicinity.
An goal here is to position on a bracelet that has a selected colour that reminds you now not to do that, then as you bear in mind about choosing you’ll see the color and stop.
You are what you devour. Well, I presume that could be disgusting while dealing with our difficulty however you have got to be informed that what you placed into your frame will without a doubt have an effect on your skin and any ability outbreaks. Being cautious of oil based ingredients, Trans fat, and sugars is vital to changing the way you appearance and experience.


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What is Strawberry Fruit Extract?
Strawberry fruit extract is a concentrated liquid derived from the fruit of the wild strawberry plant (Fragaria Vesca). It is a natural ingredient used in various applications, including skincare, cosmetics, food products, and beverages. Strawberry fruit extract is valued for its potential health and skincare benefits, as well as its pleasant aroma and flavor.
In skincare and cosmetics, strawberry fruit extract is used for its antioxidant, brightening, and exfoliating properties. It contains vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, with vitamin C being a notable component.
Here are some key characteristics and uses of strawberry fruit extract:
- Antioxidant Properties: Strawberries are rich in antioxidants, including vitamin C, which helps protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals and environmental stressors. These antioxidants can contribute to a reduction in premature aging signs, such as fine lines and wrinkles.
- Brightening and Radiance: Vitamin C in strawberry extract is known for its brightening effect on the skin. It can help fade dark spots, hyperpigmentation, and acne scars, leading to a more even skin tone and a radiant complexion.
- Exfoliation: Strawberry extract contains natural alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs), like citric acid. AHAs have exfoliating properties, which can remove dead skin cells, unclog pores, and promote skin renewal. This can result in smoother and fresher-looking skin.
- Natural Fragrance: Strawberry fruit extract imparts a pleasant and natural fragrance to skincare products, enhancing the sensory experience of using them.
- Hydration: Strawberries contain water, which can provide hydration to the skin. Strawberry extract can assist in retaining moisture, making it suitable for products designed to hydrate and nourish the skin.
- Skin Soothing: Some individuals find that strawberry extract has skin-soothing properties, which can help calm irritated or sensitive skin.
Strawberry fruit extract is often used in a variety of skincare products, including serums, moisturizers, masks, and exfoliants. It can be a beneficial ingredient for those looking to address concerns related to skin brightness, hydration, and signs of aging.
As with any skincare product, it's important to perform a patch test when trying new products to ensure compatibility with your skin. If you have specific skin concerns or are uncertain about the suitability of a product, consulting with a dermatologist or skincare professional is advisable for personalized skincare recommendations.
How Strawberry Fruit Extract help with aging
Strawberry fruit extract may offer several benefits for addressing signs of skin aging. It contains various compounds, including antioxidants and alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs), which can contribute to a more youthful and radiant complexion. Here's how strawberry fruit extract may assist with aging skin:
- Antioxidant Protection: Strawberries are rich in antioxidants, particularly vitamin C, which is known for its powerful antioxidant properties. Antioxidants help protect the skin from free radicals and environmental stressors, which can lead to premature aging. They neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative damage, helping to minimize the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
- Brightening and Even Skin Tone: The vitamin C in strawberry extract can brighten the skin and fade hyperpigmentation, dark spots, and age spots. This can result in a more even skin tone, making the complexion appear younger and more radiant.
- Exfoliation: Strawberry extract contains natural AHAs, such as citric acid, which provide mild exfoliation. Exfoliation helps remove dead skin cells, unclog pores, and stimulate skin cell turnover. This can result in smoother, fresher-looking skin, reducing the appearance of fine lines and enhancing overall skin texture.
- Hydration: Strawberries contain water, and strawberry extract can help the skin retain moisture. Adequate hydration is essential for maintaining skin elasticity and plumpness, both of which are associated with a youthful complexion.
- Anti-Inflammatory Properties: The anti-inflammatory compounds in strawberries can help reduce redness and inflammation in the skin. This can be beneficial for individuals with sensitive or aging skin, as it may alleviate discomfort and redness.
- Collagen Production Support: Vitamin C, found in strawberries, plays a role in collagen production. Collagen is a protein that provides structure and elasticity to the skin. As collagen production declines with age, vitamin C can support collagen synthesis, which helps maintain skin firmness and suppleness.
Strawberry fruit extract can be found in various skincare products, including serums, moisturizers, and masks. It can be a valuable addition to an anti-aging skincare routine, helping to address concerns related to fine lines, uneven skin tone, and overall skin health.


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Supply Chain Challenges
The U.S. healthcare delivery system is experiencing an unprecedented rate of change, and costs are continuing to escalate. The healthcare supply chain is vast, complex and although effective for the most part, costly and inefficient in many respects. Logistics and just in time inventory has not advanced nearly as rapidly in healthcare as it has in the food industry and several other industries. The entire supply chain must play a critical role in the transformation that the healthcare industry must make in order to provide quality care in a sustainable and affordable manner.
Organizations within the supply chain such as manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, group purchasing organizations (GPOs), and care providers are working hard to ensure the right products and supplies are on-hand when required to meet patient treatment needs, despite the complexities and challenges they face. Healthcare leaders recognize that they must take costs out of the supply chain and improve its efficiency, but must do so without negatively impacting the quality of patient treatments and service levels. They are acutely aware that their actions have a direct impact on the lives of millions of stakeholders including patients, clinicians, and payers.
Gartner Research affirms that supply chain costs are continuing to escalate and represent 40 to 45 percent of hospital or healthcare system operating expense. Gartner estimates that healthcare delivery organizations can reduce those costs by 5 to 15 percent if they better analyze, plan and control the purchase and use of goods and services. Organizations throughout the healthcare supply chain are searching for ways to reduce costs and bring them under control. With profits being squeezed by changes such as lower Medicare and Medicaid reimbursements, providers such as hospitals, medical practices and integrated delivery networks (IDNs) are being forced to reduce costs associated with both the acquisition and the use of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and other products and services.
Three major groups comprise the healthcare supply chain – manufacturers, intermediaries and providers. Manufacturers are those companies that make pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and healthcare products and supplies. Intermediaries are wholesalers, distributors and group purchasing organizations (GPOs) which help bring healthcare products to the marketplace. Providers include hospitals, medical practices and integrated delivery networks (IDNs).
Providers must work within their own organizations and in partnership with manufacturers and intermediaries to address end-to-end supply chain costs and challenges that are effecting their costs and service levels. Here’s a look at some of the most significant opportunities for meaningful results improvement for healthcare providers in the purchase and use of medical goods and services.
Although the largest healthcare provider systems may have the size, scale and purchasing power to negotiate most favorable pricing, terms and conditions – small and mid-sized providers should aggregate their purchasing power. Aggregating purchasing power with other healthcare providers creates a significant opportunity for cost reduction and containment due to the consolidated purchasing volume and subsequent negotiating power of intermediaries such as wholesalers, distributors and GPOs.
Aggregating Purchasing – Group Purchasing Organizations (GPOs)
A GPO is an organization that helps healthcare providers such as hospitals, medical practices and IDNs realize cost savings and efficiencies by aggregating purchasing volume and using that leverage to negotiate discounts with manufacturers, distributors and other vendors. GPOs are often owned by the hospitals, medical practices and IDNs they serve, and negotiate contracts with vendors on their behalf. They are able to negotiate lower prices than any one provider could get on its own by aggregating the combined buying power of many healthcare organizations. According to the Healthcare Supply Chain Association, approximately 72% of hospital purchases are now conducted through GPO contracts. Because GPOs are closely aligned and often owned by their members, they share many of the same supply chain concerns and are motivated by many of the same supply chain goals.
GPOs do not purchase or buy any products, however. Their role is merely to negotiate contracts that members can use when making their own purchases. With input from members, GPOs negotiate favorable pricing, terms and conditions that accrue to the benefit of all members. After a group purchasing contract is created, it is still up to the healthcare provider to decide which products are the most appropriate in each circumstance, to make the most appropriate purchase decisions and to manage the supply chain.
Aggregating Purchasing – Wholesalers and Distributors
Healthcare companies have been slower than those in other industries to outsource their supply chains. That, however, is now changing. Likely reasons for the shift include increased complexity, industry cost pressures, the increasing need for expertise in areas such as regulatory compliance and product protection, and expansion into new markets. Wholesalers and distributors save healthcare providers money by not only aggregating purchase volume, but improving efficiency and removing costs from logistics operations as well. Buying from a wholesaler or distributor simplifies procurement by letting the provider receive many products from many vendors in a single order, single shipment and single invoice.
In addition, wholesalers and distributors are able to work with healthcare providers to develop replenishment models that are tailored to meet their specific needs and to address their specific circumstances, such as order size, delivery frequency and distribution requirements throughout the provider’s building(s) and campus(s).
Aggregating Knowledge, Data, and Sharing Best Practices
Aggregating knowledge, data, and sharing best practices with other healthcare providers directly or through manufacturers or intermediaries creates a significant opportunity to improve sourcing, purchasing and usage decisions. One of the challenges in reeling in supply chain costs is that most hospitals have historically focused their efforts on lowering the price they pay for products, which is only part of the total cost equation. They have neglected to look at, or focus on, other cost drivers and other ways to reduce direct and indirect supply chain costs—things such as product stock assortments, inventory management systems and practices, product use and consumption, process efficiency and effectiveness, data accuracy and availability, to name just a few.
Healthcare providers must understand the key drivers of their particular supply chain, which is typically influenced by a few key attributes such as stock assortment, lead time, inventory levels, demand variability, economies of scale, storage space, risk, etc. It is important for providers to identify key driver attributes based on their supply chain’s data, analyze them thoroughly and identify their specific opportunities for improvement.
Many intermediaries are now offering value-add supply chain services to address these “other” cost drivers, and healthcare providers are increasingly relying on them to help manage the complex system of purchase decision making. Services such as data collection, analysis, modeling and e-commerce help healthcare providers make sound sourcing and purchasing decisions to ensure the right product is delivered to the right place at the right time.
GPOs provide a unique mechanism for a group of hospitals to coordinate not only purchasing power, but also brain power. By drawing upon their broad-based memberships or client base, GPOs give doctors, nurses, pharmacists and other clinical experts a way to evaluate new products and assess their impact on the quality of care.
Product Assortment Standardization
A significant opportunity for reducing supply chain complexity and cost is to reduce the number of products utilized by standardizing the assortment of approved products, where feasible without negatively impacting patient treatment and satisfaction. Identify low volume, high variability, low margin products and look for opportunities to standardize and consolidate usage with high volume, low variability and high margin products. Be sure, however, to always offer at least two sources and selections for any given product, so there’s always an available, alternative.
Physician Preference Items (PPI) are another source of duplication and excessive inventory. PPI products, including implants and medical devices, must be identified and analyzed in order to determine which items are “preference” driven versus procedural requirement driven. Standardization of these PPI items will require education, training and acceptance on the part of physicians and clinicians, but the inventory reduction results will be worth the time and effort invested.
As large healthcare systems merge or acquire smaller providers or systems, the trend is a greater push toward product standardization and stock assortment reduction. Healthcare providers should ensure all their operating units are buying the same products wherever possible, which not only leverages their purchasing power, but reduces their overall supply chain costs.
As an increasing number of care providers are outsourcing some, many or all of their supply chain functions to wholesalers, distributors and GPOs, they are receiving the products and supplies they need more frequently and more reliably. But that has not totally resolved the out-of-stock and excess inventory issues that have plagued them in the past, and continue to plague them today. They are finding out that product costs and complexity problems aren’t all externally driven or supply chain driven. Product costs are also being driven by problems associated with their own internal data, systems, processes, procedures and controls. As a consequence, providers are continuing to struggle with overstocks, out-of-stocks, high supply costs, high labor costs and dissatisfied clinical staff.
To address these issues, care providers need to have greater visibility into product purchasing, delivery, utilization and inventory across all of their systems and facilities, and an integrated solutions approach. The lack of data standardization, visibility and an integrated approach is a common challenge to achieving supply chain excellence. With better visibility into data, greater integration with clinical operations, and improved business systems, processes, procedures and controls, providers can address many of the inventory management challenges facing them today.
Hospitals that have overcome problems associated with current inventory management systems and processes have reduced the cost of supplies and labor, while increasing nursing satisfaction. A study of more than 270 hospitals over a four-year period conducted by Oracle Healthcare Insight noted that “healthcare providers that make greater investments in back-office automation and process improvement enjoy operating cost ratios that are 2 to 4 percent better than those of their peers.”
Consumption and Waste
Another cost reduction opportunity lies in improved consumption practices and eliminating waste throughout the system whenever and wherever possible. Hospital workers need to ensure they utilize the right products and supplies for a particular procedure in the right quantity. Examples of inappropriate consumption include wasteful practices such as utilizing sterile products for a non-sterile procedure or opening a prepackaged kit and only utilizing one of the items in the kit.
Lack of product standardization can also lead to waste. Supply chain managers need to standardize commonly utilized products and supplies and train the staff on nursing floors and in procedure rooms to use the most effective products available at the best prices, while maintaining a high standard of care.
In conclusion, the winners in tomorrow’s healthcare marketplace will be those providers that have created integrated, agile, efficient, and flexible supply chains. Now is the time for companies to take action, to make the strategic supply chain changes that will allow them to capitalize on opportunities to improve efficiency and effectiveness while reducing costs.


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