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# Dell Windows Boot Manager Unavailable

Experienced Windows users will know there’s two commands to minimise all windows Win + D (show desktop) Win + M (minimise) They may appear to be the same – but they are very slightly different. I managed to get the advanced menu once, where i actually saw the "repair my computer" option, but when i selected it, windows just continued booting up normally. Step 3: Choose the right OS option from the menu. The Windows 6. If you are using Microsoft account to log into Windows 10 on ASUS computer but lost password, things are simple. This Dell MBR does not affect the boot process when booting the Windows partition or the Utility partition--indeed, no special MBR is needed to boot either of those. The laptop was released in January 2018 in both a standard edition with Windows installed as well as a Developer Edition with Ubuntu 16. But sometimes, we need to know which BIOS mode Windows OS is using. Access the Run command by simultaneously pressing the Windows logo key and the R key on your computer's keyboard. (I use "EFI" to refer to either version unless the distinction is important. While most bootable CDs these days are Linux based, a Windows based repair disc is still a good thing to have for better hardware support or just the familiarity of Windows. Navigate to Security > Passwords. Knowing how to boot into a Recovery Partition will help you to rebuild, restore, re-create, or just troubleshoot Windows problems. wim files for boot media, there is no primary image attached. How to Enable or Disable Legacy F8 Advanced Boot Options in Windows 10 By default, you can boot to Advanced Startup Options in Windows 10. I booted up my computer, was taken to the grub menu like usual, and I booted up using the Windows 10 Boot Manager. I have spent nearly a day trying to boot from a UEFI USB Boot disk. One method you can use to recover from this is to boot into some form of boot disk, whether this is a Windows bootable setup (using command prompt from Shift+F10) or a linux boot disk. To resolve the issue you can either enable BIOS boot mode (not recommended), or create bootable USB drive with GPT partition (for example USB format tool Rufus can do that). Now I have burned a Windows 10 iso onto my USB stick to try and manually install windows, but I am only able to boot from it in UEFI mode which means I cannot install windows (my hard drive is formatted for Legacy). • An issue resulting in a delay if a Dell Server was unavailable at in the Pre-boot Authentication environment is resolved. I turned my pc on and got windows boot manager windows failed to start. I installed Windows 10 ADK and to no avail does SCCM pick up the new ADK configuration. Actually, was there ever a Lexmark printer on this computer, or is this a newer Dell system? There's an issue with the LexBCE service that makes it hook itself on the Spooler service, forcing the spooler to be dependant on that Lexmark service. If the "Web Services" tab is unavailable, see if you. As for GRUB, its configuration file is usually located on a Linux partition (which means Windows can't see it under normal circumstances). To fix the problem: 1. Once the Admin Password and System Password buttons display SET, the Pre-boot has been disabled. If the Windows logo appears, you'll need to try again by shutting down and restarting your computer. The problem is I have no way of telling which one will be used at any one time. If you are starting to deploy Windows 10 (or are currently deploying Windows 8/8. Hey guys/gals, need some help. click "repair your computer". Right-click on Apple Mobile Device Service and click Properties in the shortcut menu. Hallo, today we will make from our Linux Mint 17 machine a Wi-Fi access point, for this we do not need any additional software, just easy as 1-2-3:. PC sometimes boots to boot manager (series of other issues) Task bar and windows start screen not working. 1 with installation disc. Dell Backup and Recovery is a freeware software app filed under backup software and made available by Dell for Windows. The only system is Vista. In Windows 8. Reboot the computer and let Windows re-detect the device. This is a feature called Device Driver Signing. Get access to BIOS settings & Boot Menu: F-keys/Hotkeys by System Manufacturer (OEM)  Hot keys for BootMenu / BIOS Settings You may get to your Boot Menu or to your BIOS settings by using special specific keys. You can select what device is used to boot: a=floppy, c=hard disk, d=cdrom, n=network. Double-click Speakers / Headphones. Watch Queue Windows Failed To Start or Windows Boot Manager BCD Issue When Power On The Computer. In Windows 8, swipe up from the bottom, or right-click anywhere on the desktop and choose "All Apps" -> swipe or scroll right and choose "Control Panel" (under Windows System section) -> Hardware and Sound -> Device Manager. It performs object activations requests, object exporter resolutions and distributed garbage collection for COM and DCOM servers. "C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\Desktop refers to a location that is unavailable. All of the columns are sortable; give them a click!. See attached video for. System service exception. A recent hardware of software change might be the cause. Once the options came up, I navigated through the first few screens to the Advanced options (per @Trouble instructions) and the used the command prompt. Disconnect all peripheral devices, except for the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and power cord. Strong Compatibility. Now I have burned a Windows 10 iso onto my USB stick to try and manually install windows, but I am only able to boot from it in UEFI mode which means I cannot install windows (my hard drive is formatted for Legacy). Okay but I tried connecting to my ssd in the boot override I clicked on it and I got a blue screen it said the disk was unacessable and I had to install by the boot manager that is the only device that is shown it's the only device I can boot into windows with. Also, as I referred to in my original post, there is a statement on the Microsoft site that the Windows Boot Manager can be deleted, but will be re-instated on the next reboot. Therefore, if you have a powerful Linux bootable ISO or Windows PE bootable ISO, you can easily maintain the computers within LAN through network boot with your micro-system. Trying to restore Dell to factory settings, but F8 not working I've tried holding down f8, tapping it continuously, holding ctrl f8 and fn f8. C:\Windows\system32\config\system is a registry database file. No boot device found press any key to reboot the machine – Sometimes this error message will ask you to press any key to restart your PC. virtual disk on a Dell PERC H730 not bootable? 21 posts kennedye "No, I will not fix your computer. My BIOS says F12 for boot menu, when I access F12 it says BOOT MANAGER and only lists Windows Boot. When the Lite Touch menu has loaded, choose “Run the Deployment Wizard to install a new Operating System” Remove the USB drive so it does not interfere during a reboot. - When drive 0 is unplugged, windows boot manager is not listed below the uefi bootable devices. C: \WINDOWS\system32\config\systemprofile\Desktop is unavailable. I have a windows 8 system that has multiple Windows Boot Manager entries in the bios. 1 05-12-2014 08:34 AM I entered Safe Mode in my Envy TS 15 running windows 8. bcdedit /storeP:\ath\to\BCD\file\on\mounted\efi\part/import /clean (from the command prompt of the advanced options of W8 recovery) is the Windows' way to clean its cached copy, which copy is what you are really seeing on Windows boot manager screen; Linux offers, through efivars, even more powerful tools over them. 011857] ACPI: DBGP 0x000000009CFEC000 000034 (v01 HPQOEM 8092 00000001 HP 00040000) [ 0. 6 and later 1. 1 to fix some issues with my Norton software and now I can't figure out how to exit back to normal mode. Finally, after being passed from one agent to another during some hours today, I was eventually forwarded to a 14th person at Dell, who was the right kind person to help me with my problem. Part 2: Reset Forgotten Windows 10 Password for Microsoft Account. The user accounts windows will now open up. Started with norton - Answered by a verified Tech Support Specialist. To resolve the issue you can either enable BIOS boot mode (not recommended), or create bootable USB drive with GPT partition (for example USB format tool Rufus can do that). From here you will be able to select the "Boot from USB" option. Welcome to Acronis. Unfortunately, sometimes this approach doesn’t work as intended, and Windows fails to switch your USB controllers on again. Now move to boot tab and change the first boot your installation media ( CD/DVD or Removable Device ). Windows 10: No password prompt at login screen. Actual results: Fails (See attached screenshot) Expected results: Boots OS Additional info: This also shows 'no shim lock protocol' booting Linux but it continues to boot after prompting. I removed the SSD and inserted it into the external enclosure and hook it up to my laptop via USB. Delete Windows Vista/7/8/10 boot entry. A black screen and a Windows 10 PC that won't boot often means that your master boot record is on the fritz. In UEFI boot mode, options are automatically added for removable devices (described in further detail below). Also, if you read their graph on "Windows 8 fast boot compared to Windows 7 cold boot" you can clearly see the Windows 8 fast boot time is around 20 seconds give or take on most normal Windows 7 hardware, with a few systems maxing just above 30 seconds. Written because there where few solutions available online for this problem. How to configure Windows Defender Security Center in Windows 10. To start your computer from a valid bootable disc, such as an HP recovery disc, disable Secure Boot and enable Legacy Support in the BIOS, and then use the Boot Menu to select the CD/DVD drive as the boot device. If you Multi Boot with more than One Operating System A) At the Windows Boot Manager screen, select the OS you want to use the Advanced Boot Options for, then press F8. “I have a Dell laptop running Windows home on a SSD hard drive. Enter the System or Admin Password to access the BIOS settings. About to lose your important data because your Windows computer won't boot? In general, if you have backup files, you can easily and quickly get back the lost files when Windows won't boot. wim file is in the installation media. When the computer starts, the system BIOS begins to check a pre-determined list of drives and devices that may contain an operating system such as Windows. Master Boot Record (MBR), sometimes also referred to as the "master partition table" or "partition sector", is the most important piece of information that enables your PC to find and identify the location of the OS to allow Windows 10 to boot. If you're not seeing this screen, your PC didn't boot up from the bootable media you inserted, and check your PC manufacturer's website for more info on how to boot from a secondary media. Finally, after being passed from one agent to another during some hours today, I was eventually forwarded to a 14th person at Dell, who was the right kind person to help me with my problem. UEFI or Windows Boot Manager? I apologize in advance if I sound dense, but I'm seeing something in the BIOS that doesn't make sense to me. I installed Windows 10 ADK and to no avail does SCCM pick up the new ADK configuration. When wbm starts, it detects the 2 win7 installations and let me choose the 1 to boot. In previous versions of Windows, disabling startup programs helps your system boot much faster. This article provides you with 5 free tricks to speed up Windows boot time on Windows 10/8/7 etc. Reinstall your Windows OS with the Windows Installation disc. How To Boot to Safe Mode on Surface Pro Windows 8 Posted on January 20, 2013 by Windows 8 rt/pro If the Windows system doesn’t start or run with issues, safe mode is necessary for user to slove the problem with 99% of the time. I also updated my Bios to Latest A13 version from Dell Site. To do this go to the Boot tab and then click on Add New Boot Option. Alienware/Dell support has been less than helpful (very friendly - just not effective) on this issue, insisting on trying to troubleshoot Windows Hello rather than paying attention to my repeated attempts to direct them to the missing/unavailable TPM device, which I tried unsuccessfully to convince them was required for Windows Hello biometrics. wim file is in the Windows PE image. 1 usually have UEFI/EFI installed and not BIOS, but PCs with Windows 7 will use the UEFI/EFI set with Legacy mode active. Then press the Enter key. How to perform a clean boot in Windows This site uses cookies for analytics, personalized content and ads. Windows Boot Manager (BOOTMGR) is a small piece of software, called a boot manager, that's loaded from the volume boot code, which is part of the volume boot record. If you're not seeing this screen, your PC didn't boot up from the bootable media you inserted, and check your PC manufacturer's website for more info on how to boot from a secondary media. In Windows 8, swipe up from the bottom, or right-click anywhere on the desktop and choose "All Apps" -> swipe or scroll right and choose "Control Panel" (under Windows System section) -> Hardware and Sound -> Device Manager. A raid 1 configuration using Perc S100. If you use an installation media to install Windows Server 2008 R2, the Boot. Since then the boot manager has come up everytime I start my laptop. I have Dell computers also and find that leaving all of the boot options besides UEFI: Windows Boot Manager disabled works for me, because I can always use F12 to select a different boot device (if I want to boot from USB or DVD) or to disable Secure Boot if I want to boot Windows 7. x and it disables two important functions. It seems the boot loop is once again a byproduct for users in the form of a blank black desktop that doesn’t load anything. I am working on trying to fix a Dell PowerEdge R610 server, buy I'm having trouble finding the primary boot drive. One will boot into the OS fine and the other will give a blue screen telling me the BCD store is corrupt. The Dell Backup and Recovery Manager is pre-installed in all Precision systems, and helps users return a Precision system to its factory default state. The boot options menu was clear. Essential drivers required to start the Windows kernel are loaded and the kernel starts to run. Pre-boot authentication is now disabled. Ubuntu will add a boot entry for Windows 10 to the GRUB boot manager, which you can select using the up. The Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is a piece of hardware that provides secure storage of critical data, usually encryption keys, signatures, and the like. 1 when I was using a Dell laptop. Repair Windows 10 using SFC and DISM. Bootmgr(Windows Boot Manager) and Winload (Windows OS Loader) are part of boot phases. Click Driver in the top menu. The Add Boot Option window will pop up. open System Configuration by winnowskey+R & type "msconfig". I can get the installation to start, but after finishing the computer restarts and will not start windows. If you upgrade to Windows 10 and then this option disappear, you can try to reinstall Windows 7/8/8. Page 1 of 3 - Can't Boot From CD or DVD - posted in Windows 10 Support: I was having bad BSOD problems yesterday, and tried to boot with an emergency boot disk so I could restore to my last good. GeForce® GTX 1080 Ti is the fastest gaming GPU that delivers 35% faster performance than the GeForce GTX 1080. In previous versions of Windows, disabling startup programs helps your system boot much faster. As a partition magic alternative, Minitool Partition Wizard is the latest partition manager software which be used to manage partition on Windows 10/8/7/XP and Server 2003/2008/2012. No Windows 8 boot menu, no other information is displayed. Hey, do you know if flashing the bios adds the uefi boot manager entries back or not? As far as I know it doesn't, am I right? As a side note, yesss, I finally got windows installer to boot over network and uefi 🙂 Do you know if windows installer adds an entry to the UEFI boot manager during the installation progress or I have to do so manually from command prompt?. I have configured a Raid [SOLVED] Dell R430 Windows failed to start on new OS installation - Windows Server - Spiceworks. Navigate to: Vista/Windows 7: Start > Control Panel >Programs and Features Windows XP: Start > Control Panel > Add/Remove Programs; Select and uninstall Dell ControlPoint Security Manager; Select and uninstall Dell. The problem is I have no way of telling which one will be used at any one time. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart The Windows Boot Configuration Data file is missing required information More Info MS KB919529 More Info MS KB927391 More Info MS KB2622803. In Safe Mode, the startup programs, add-ons, etc. • An issue resulting in a delay if a Dell Server was unavailable at in the Pre-boot Authentication environment is resolved. Disable Secure Boot. To access the Startup. In UEFI boot mode, I'm trying to install Win server 2016 datacenter to one of the 3tb drives. ★★ Download Auslogics Free. In Windows 8. So if that is accurate, expect most current normal Windows 7 PCs to boot in about 19-31 seconds. Run - control printers - Right click the printer - Printer Properties - Web Services Tab - Bottom of the page should have the IP address. Upon re-imaging the same laptop i now see 2 Windows Boot Manager entries in the boot sequence. Migrate to Windows 10. If the files are not in their correct places, the. com: Dell Optiplex 9010 TW Premium Business Desktop Computer (Intel Quad Core i5-3470 Processor up to 3. As for GRUB, its configuration file is usually located on a Linux partition (which means Windows can't see it under normal circumstances). [Solved] Windows Failed to Start A Recent Hardware or Software. Get access to BIOS settings & Boot Menu: F-keys/Hotkeys by System Manufacturer (OEM)  Hot keys for BootMenu / BIOS Settings You may get to your Boot Menu or to your BIOS settings by using special specific keys. User rating: 4. I have Dell Gaming Laptop with windows 10 home os, so i create VHD in c: drive and install windows 10 evaluation version a dual boot, then I enable hyper-v manager feature in windows 10 evaluation OS and install 3 VMs in it. As a network boot software, CCBoot makes it possible for administrators reponsible for a network of dozens of computers to network boot Windows XP, Windows 7, Vista, Windows Server 2003 and 2008. A progress bar shows you how long it will take to remove Dell Data Protection | Access. This saves you time and prevents the possibility of installing an incorrect system driver, which could potentially cause a system crash. After you boot your computer using Windows 10 DVD or System Repair Disc, a black screen appears with gray text Press any key to boot from CD or DVD. The BIOS can see all the drives. Insert the installation media, Access BIOS setup by press Del key. The steps for modifying the boot order can vary depending on the computer model. Of course, not everyone can download Windows 10 recovery image ISO from Dell. Don't worry. One method you can use to recover from this is to boot into some form of boot disk, whether this is a Windows bootable setup (using command prompt from Shift+F10) or a linux boot disk. But I tried all the function keys and the only one is F2 to go into the BIOS. Hello Everyone. I want to format hard drive and reinstall Windows 7, for current system is very slow. If the Roll Back Driver option is unavailable, Windows doesn't have a previous driver to roll back to and you won't be able to complete this process. To do… Partition/format the drive as a GPT device. a Recent hardware chage or software change might be the cause. On some computers, it’s the F10 key, though on my Dell computer, it’s F12. More important, you CAN fix it with the solutions here. Keeps rebooting. System Utilities downloads - Smart PSS by Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co. How to Fix Realtek Audio Driver DriverUpdate ™'s purpose is to provide easy, one-click access to all of the latest drivers for your computer. If your Windows 7 or Vista computer has encountered the dreaded "BOOTMGR is missing" error, you aren't alone. Windows Command Line Blog – https://aka. But I tried all the function keys and the only one is F2 to go into the BIOS. how do I get out of safe mode in windows 8. windows 10 boot manager free download - Windows 10, Apple Safari, OSL2000 Boot Manager Platinum Edition, and many more programs. It could be on a hard drive on this computer, or on a network. Then, users can see the following message: C:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\config\\systemprofile\\Desktop is unavailable. If I boot into the LifeCycle controller, it knows nothing about Windows Server 2012, and can only install at 2008R2 OS. Dell OptiPlex, Dell Latitude, Dell Vostro and Dell Precision models are using the Dell Backup and Recovery Manager software Create the recovery disk for Windows XP A Dell Factory Image is not available for Windows XP users as the Windows Recovery Environment is only available for Windows Vista, 7 or 8. Delete Windows Vista/7/8/10 boot entry. Here, the Windows Boot Manager calls the boot loader and the boot loader uses Winload. Apparently the UEFI boot manager password prompt is case-sensitive and so it was not accepting my entry of aBcD1234. The graphical boot options menu or bootloader was first introduced with Windows 8 and is the default bootloader in Windows 10 as well. Press CTRL + ALT + DELETE. Here is screenshot that the BIOS has automatically reset to the Windows Boot Manager first again. Double-click Speakers / Headphones. I have 1TB HDD alongside the SSD. Media Manager downloads the drivers for KBE from the K2000 and therefore we need to make sure that the proper drivers are injected into the boot environment. Download alienware command center windows 10 for free. For iDrac version 7, go to Overview-Server-Attached Media and locate the “Attach Mode’ dropdown and choose “Auto Attach”, then Apply. By Andre Da Costa. Change BIOS Boot Order Windows 10. In some cases, your Windows installation may be so damaged that reinstalling Windows is the only option. Here’s 3 ways Win + D (show desktop) and Win + M (minimise) are different. A simple registry modification can be used to bypass the Task Manager block. Insert the installation media, Access BIOS setup by press Del key. UEFI supoorts both MBR and GPT. I also updated my Bios to Latest A13 version from Dell Site. As for GRUB, its configuration file is usually located on a Linux partition (which means Windows can't see it under normal circumstances). Click the X to close Task Manager. The most likely cause for this is that the system is set to boot from CD/DVD and/or USB before the drives, which is a logical setting. Click Yes on the warning box. 8530 Security Account Manager needs to get the boot key from floppy disk. Insert your Windows installation disc and restart the computer. When I got this problem all I did was going to Control Panel\Programs\Programs and Features\ and disabling tick boxes and it helped. Go to the Policies tab, select optimize for performance. Every Windows 10 update has its bugs and an infinite boot loop is usually one of the common ones. C:\Windows\system32\config\system is a registry database file. If you’re a Windows SysInternals fan, you can use the Autoruns tool for performing a clean boot troubleshooting. This is a report of bug tasks from Launchpad-Bugs-Fixed in the Lucid changes mailing list. Boot Order is in my BIOS and I understand how to set them. Double-click Speakers / Headphones. Wait a minute, do you have a DRAC on this server? Because if it is a DVD ISO you should be able to boot from the virtual CD/DVD. Bootmgr(Windows Boot Manager) and Winload (Windows OS Loader) are part of boot phases. Many people who upgraded from Windows 8 to Windows 10 have suffered from massively lengthened boot time. Medicina da Informática Resende 51,479 views. Windows 10 stuck in an endless reboot loop — why windows 10 stuck in the restart loop? How do I fix Windows restart loop? How do I stop a boot loop? Why is my laptop stuck on restarting? How do you fix a computer that keeps restarting? I just installed new Windows 10 update from official servers. Finally, after being passed from one agent to another during some hours today, I was eventually forwarded to a 14th person at Dell, who was the right kind person to help me with my problem. Disable and turn off programs to boot from startup. Vista slow Startup probelm are going to go through trying to figure out why it has crashed or won't boot. Remote Procedure Call (RPC) - Windows 10 Service. The most common reason to use the driver roll back feature in Windows is to "reverse" a driver update that didn't go so well. So to fix the Inaccessible Boot Device error, you can out the lately installed packages and uninstall them. OS installation also automatically adds a boot option that points to the OS Boot loader. After going through the steps to disable driver signing in Windows 8, I was able to get my community drivers installed. There are no other options or ways to change anything. Press the Windows Key and type Windows Features, select the first entry Turn Windows Features On or Off. If you would like to keep up with the latest Windows Subsystem for Linux news and blog posts please use the link below to visit its new location the: Windows Command Line blog. In the following screenshot, you can see where the Boot Entry in located: Entering the UEFI Boot Entry manually in BIOS. Click the X to close Task Manager. Also, the Windows 2016 will be the default. When I turn on the PC, it shows black screen after the BIOS POST screen. I am working on trying to fix a Dell PowerEdge R610 server, buy I'm having trouble finding the primary boot drive. And how do I get windows to use uefi and not gpt? Do I have to reinstall windows 10 using uefi/legacy mode. If you're the only user, Windows 10 will boot all the way to the desktop without a logon screen. On Dell, Acer, Lenovo or Toshiba laptops, it's the F12 key in most cases. I went to BIOS to change boot option to legacy (There are no other options besides Legacy and UEFI). Right-click on Apple Mobile Device Service and click Properties in the shortcut menu. To fix the problem: 1. Also how to boot computer from CD/DVD/USB by changing the boot order in the bios. Looking for a safe and full-featured disk manager to perform disk partition management on Windows 10, Windows 8. Now reboot the PC and boot it from the USB drive. when I turn on VMs on Hyper-V host VMs are performing very slow. The Boot options can also be manipulated manually by the user via the UEFI Boot Manager. This article is about how to fix windows stuck at airplane mode problem easily. They are having me use the Formatting the Hard Drive. In the Windows Credentials and Generic Credentials section, remove any stored credentials referencing the Office 365 or ms. Windows 10 no network connections or wifi 07-29-2015 12:20 PM - last edited on 07-30-2015 06:34 AM by Amy_PI_Lenovo Lenovo X1 carbon - After upgrading to windows 10 I cannot get network connectivity even though devices are listed in device manager. No Boot Device Available Dell: How to fix it in Windows 10/8/7? If your Dell computer pops out message "No bootable devices found" during Windows boot, no need to worry now, this article will show you how to fix no boot device available in Dell, HP, Asus, etc. Open a command prompt with SHIFT + F10; Replace the file utilman. When switching to Boot Device Priority, you will find the hard drive is on the top place of the sub-menu, which means BIOS will firstly try to boot Windows 10 computer from hard disk. The bootable USB Flash Drive Task Sequence Media does not need to be created on the SCCM 2007 server and can be created on any PC that is running the SCCM 2007 Admin console. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart The Windows Boot Configuration Data file is missing required information More Info MS KB919529 More Info MS KB927391 More Info MS KB2622803. 1, Windows 8, Windows 7, or Windows Vista. Many Windows 10 users also have this problem. Windows 10 Safe Mode loads the operating system with a minimal set of system files and device drivers – just enough to boot the Windows OS. System Utilities downloads - Smart PSS by Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co. writing 0's to the hard drive. System service exception. The user accounts windows will now open up. Click the Uninstall button. This enables Secure Boot and sets the Windows Boot Manager as the primary boot device. Now reboot the PC and boot it from the USB drive. Dell OptiPlex, Dell Latitude, Dell Vostro and Dell Precision models are using the Dell Backup and Recovery Manager software Create the recovery disk for Windows XP A Dell Factory Image is not available for Windows XP users as the Windows Recovery Environment is only available for Windows Vista, 7 or 8. On this particular Dell mode you can also see in the BIOS that Windows 7 setup added a new boot option. ☞ The dell factory image restore option is not available after upgrading from Windows 7/8/8. I'd really like to take advantage of UEFI but I've never got it to work correctly on any of the HP notebooks, tablets or workstations. On this edition of the Enterprise Dish, Microsoft announced new hardware and new versions of Windows but its the little details (and footnotes) that you need to know about. Double-click Speakers / Headphones. I don't think it is the reason though. So if that is accurate, expect most current normal Windows 7 PCs to boot in about 19-31 seconds. It has the ability to convert between MBR to GPT partition structures (or vice versa) without requiring users to delete their partitions or lose their data. And how do I get windows to use uefi and not gpt? Do I have to reinstall windows 10 using uefi/legacy mode. White noise from headphones in Ubuntu 18. To fix the problem: 1. If you Multi Boot with more than One Operating System A) At the Windows Boot Manager screen, select the OS you want to use the Advanced Boot Options for, then press F8. If you're the only user, Windows 10 will boot all the way to the desktop without a logon screen. My BIOS says F12 for boot menu, when I access F12 it says BOOT MANAGER and only lists Windows Boot. Inside the boot environment, individual boot applications started by the Boot Manager provide functionality for all customer-facing scenarios before the device boots. I turned my pc on and got windows boot manager windows failed to start. Double-click Audio inputs and outputs. That's all for how you can repair Boot Device Not Found issue on Dell laptop Windows 10/8/7. Multiple Solutions for Every windows problem (such as Startup problems, BSOD error, Black screen at startup, Update installation problems, Network internet connection issue etc) with Tips, Tweaks, Features, Update News, How To fix guides and more. Under the disk drives section, right click on the USB storage drive and select Properties. I inserted the recovery USB I'd set up and held F12 when the manufacturer logo appeared at startup to boot from the recovery disk instead of the Windows boot manager. Windows 10: How to fix BROKEN wifi after your free upgrade IF YOUR computer drops wifi or shows no wifi available since upgrading to Windows 10 – this is the solution. com forum supporters and their blog posts. click “repair your computer”. That restored the Windows boot manager in the bios but still couldn't boot into. To do this go to the Boot tab and then click on Add New Boot Option. To change. Get the latest Windows Hardware Development Kit (Windows HDK) for Windows 10 and start developing Universal Windows drivers, and testing and deploying Windows 10. Hi I have a problem, my tablet dell venue 8 pro 32 gb, I upgraded to 8. Windows operating system loader. BIOS settings for boot order are generally found in the Maintenance and Service Guide, available on the HP product page for your computer model. Double-click Audio inputs and outputs. Convert your disk between MBR and GPT in Windows 10 (without Data loss) AOMEI Partition Assistant Professional Edition is a powerful third-party partition manager. 1 & Windows 10, right-click the Start menu and select Device Manager. I have already written about disabling secure boot in Windows 8. In Windows 8. After going through the steps to disable driver signing in Windows 8, I was able to get my community drivers installed. Recently I wrote about Always On VPN deployment options in Azure, and in that post I indicated that deploying Windows Server and the Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) was one of those options. 011854] acpi: boot 0x000000009cfed000 000028 (v01 hpqoem 8092 00000001 hp 00040000) [ 0. We will find. On this edition of the Enterprise Dish, Microsoft announced new hardware and new versions of Windows but its the little details (and footnotes) that you need to know about. 011861] ACPI: HPET 0x000000009CFEA000 000038 (v01 HPQOEM 8092 00000001 HP 00040000). But then again, Win 10 isn’t so far from a virus itself. C:\WINDOWS\system32\config\systemprofile\Desktop is unavailable Right-click any blank area on the taskbar, and. So if you're looking to change the boot order on BCD, you'll need to boot in to Windows and use a tool such as EasyBCD to do it. If you use plpbt. How to configure Windows Defender Security Center in Windows 10. MegaCLI for Windows is provided but I prefer a GUI. Unlike boot from USB in VirtualBox, VMware allows you to write data to USB. The services console should open. wim file loads the Microsoft Windows Preinstallation Environment (Windows PE) in order to install Windows. You should then be able to boot into the USB drive. Upon re-imaging the same laptop i now see 2 Windows Boot Manager entries in the boot sequence. Advertisements. 1 is as easy as clicking through to a submenu and checking. How to enable boot from DVD and USB option with UEFI boot mode enabled Search. You also have to connect your USB drive or insert CD/DVD before entering the UEFI/BIOS Setup. However, enabling boot to desktop in Windows 8. [DDPC-4503, DDPC-10816]. Enable Task Manager from Registry in Windows 10, Windows 8, 7, or XP Registry Editor is an inbuilt Windows tool that is used to modify registry keys which tell Windows how it should work. Alienware/Dell support has been less than helpful (very friendly - just not effective) on this issue, insisting on trying to troubleshoot Windows Hello rather than paying attention to my repeated attempts to direct them to the missing/unavailable TPM device, which I tried unsuccessfully to convince them was required for Windows Hello biometrics. but unfortunately, after the first restart, we got the below error:. Hi I have a problem, my tablet dell venue 8 pro 32 gb, I upgraded to 8.


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# An ice box almost completely filled with ice at 0°C

Question:

An ice box almost completely filled with ice at $0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ is dipped into a large volume of water at $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. The box has walls of surface area $2400 \mathrm{~cm}^{2}$ thickness $2.0 \mathrm{~mm}$ and thermal conductivity $0.06 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}-{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ Calculate the rate at which the ice melts in the box. Latent heat of fusion of ice $=3.4 \times 10^{5} \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{kg}$

Solution:

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# Cricket: Lathwell's relapse leaves England A to labour: Stephenson delays declaration but defeat still looks inevitable as tourists again display batting frailties

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The Independent Online
Orange Free State . . . . . . . . . . . .370 and 262-9 dec

England A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180 and 59-2

THE portable barbecues had been packed away and the last sausage eaten when Mark Lathwell, five balls from safety, slipped back over the edge of despair in South Africa last night. Lathwell, in wretched form for more than a month, was emerging from his torment with an innings of growing confidence as England A chased a hypothetical victory target of 453 against Orange Free State.

Then, facing left-armer Nicky Boje bowling over the wicket, Lathwell tried to kick away a ball spinning from the rough and was bowled behind his legs for 29, his fourth-highest score in 16 tour innings. Four balls later Boje ripped the day's last ball from the same rough and past nightwatchman Paul Taylor's over-ambitious drive and England were two down. Although their captain, Hugh Morris, unbeaten on 25, made the usual noises about trying to win, they are still 393 behind and must simply bat all today to salvage a draw.

It could have been even worse for Franklyn Stephenson delayed his declaration so long it appeared he had he had forgotten he was captain. England had expected a declaration shortly before tea, with Free State having a quick thrash once their lead reached 400. But there was no slog, and no declaration either until 55 minutes after the break which left England 23 overs.

It was a perplexing decision although, given another day of fierce 95-degree heat, England were so roasted they could have passed for the main course at the barbecue Stephenson hosted for them last night.

It was heart-in-mouth stuff from the opening over as Lathwell, having taken two off the first ball to avoid a 'pair', was nearly leg before to Stephenson off the fifth. Three runs later he looped a catch into the vacant third slip area when Stephenson found the shoulder of his bat and in the Barbadian's next over was hit on the helmet while hooking.

When Brad Player relieved Stephenson, he whipped him off his hips for four then drove another boundary through the covers. With Morris untroubled England passed 50 in increasing comfort - and then came that last over.

England had spent most of the day operating a policy of containment. Peter Such was given the bulk of the bowling, taking 3 for 88 off 35 overs, as England slowly worked their way through a batting line-up that went right down to the No 11, Herman Bakkes, who lifted Such for six and drove him for four.

The innings was built around a four-hour-plus century from the 25- year-old Mickey Arthur. Achieved with a boundary through the covers off Paul Taylor that also brought up the 400 lead it was the first century against England this tour. The second defeat beckons.

(Third day of four; Orange Free State won toss)

ORANGE FREE STATE - First Innings 370 (G F J Liebenberg 82, P J R Steyn 80; M J McCague 4-72).

ENGLAND A - First Innings 180 (A P Wells 53).

ORANGE FREE STATE - Second Innings

(Overnight: 28 for 0)

J M Arthur c Rhodes b Taylor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

G F J Liebenberg lbw b Gough. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

J F Venter c Morris b Such. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

L J Wilkinson c Gough b Dale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0

C F Craven c Lathwell b Gough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

P J R Steyn c Loye b Such . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

*F D Stephenson b Such . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

B T Player run out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

] P J L Radley not out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

N Boje b Taylor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0

H Bakkes not out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Extras (b2 lb1 nb7). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Total (for 9 dec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

Fall: 1-34 2-117 3-120 4-182 5-202 6-217 7-227 8-228 9- 230

Bowling: McCague 9-0-26-0; Gough 17-2-49-2; Such 35-5-88-3; Taylor 19-2-65-2; Dale 7-0-31-1.

ENGLAND A - Second Innings

M N Lathwell b Boje. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

*H Morris not out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

J P Taylor b Boje . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0

Extras (lb2 nb3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Total (for 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Fall: 1-59 2-59

To bat: J P Crawley, A P Wells, M B Loye, A Dale, S J Rhodes, D Gough, M J McCague, P M Such.

Umpires: W Wilson and C Mitchley.


text:
Execute this notebook:

This demo explains how to load data from NetworkX into a form that can be used by the StellarGraph library. See all other demos.

The StellarGraph library supports loading graph information from NetworkX graphs. NetworkX is a library for working with graphs that provides many convenient I/O functions, graph algorithms and other tools.

If your data is naturally a NetworkX graph, this is a great way to load it. If your data does not need to be a NetworkX graph, loading via another route is likely to be faster and potentially more convenient.

• homogeneous graph without features (a homogeneous graph is one with only one type of node and one type of edge)

• homogeneous graph with features

• homogeneous graph with edge weights

• directed graphs (a graph is directed if edges have a “start” and “end” nodes, instead of just connecting two nodes)

• heterogeneous graphs (more than one node type and/or more than one edge type) with and without node features or edge weights, this includes knowledge graphs

StellarGraph supports loading data from many sources with all sorts of data preprocessing, via Pandas DataFrames, NumPy arrays, Neo4j and NetworkX graphs. See all loading demos for more details.

The documentation for the StellarGraph.from_networkx static method includes a compressed reminder of everything discussed in this file, as well as explanations of all of the parameters.

The StellarGraph class is available at the top level of the stellargraph library:

[3]:

from stellargraph import StellarGraph

A NetworkX graph can be created in many ways, including manually via add_... methods (docs), and by reading from files in many formats (docs). In this tutorial, we’ll only use the first one.

[4]:

import networkx as nx

## Homogeneous graph without features¶

To start with, we’ll start with a homogeneous graph without any node features. This means the graph consists of only nodes and edges without any information other than a unique identifier.

Let’s use a graph representing a square with a diagonal:

a -- b
| \  |
|  \ |
d -- c

[5]:

g = nx.Graph()
# diagonal

The basic form of constructing a StellarGraph from a NetworkX graphs is… just passing in that graph!

[6]:

square = StellarGraph.from_networkx(g)

The info method (docs) gives a high-level summary of a StellarGraph:

[7]:

print(square.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
default: [4]
Features: none
Edge types: default-default->default

Edge types:
default-default->default: [5]
Weights: all 1 (default)

On this square, it tells us that there’s 4 nodes of type default (a homogeneous graph still has node and edge types, but they default to default), with no features, and one type of edge that touches it. It also tells us that there’s 5 edges of type default that go between nodes of type default. This matches what we expect: it’s a graph with 4 nodes and 5 edges and one type of each.

Similar to constructing via Pandas, the default node type and edge types can be set using the node_type_default and edge_type_default parameters to StellarGraph.from_networkx(...):

[8]:

square_named = StellarGraph.from_networkx(
g, node_type_default="paper", edge_type_default="cites"
)
print(square_named.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
paper: [4]
Features: none
Edge types: paper-cites->paper

Edge types:
paper-cites->paper: [5]
Weights: all 1 (default)

## Homogeneous graph with features¶

For many real-world problems, we have more than just graph structure: we have information about the nodes and edges. For instance, we might have a graph of academic papers (nodes) and how they cite each other (edges): we might have information about the nodes such as the authors and the publication year, and even the abstract or full paper contents. If we’re doing a machine learning task, it can be useful to feed this information into models. The StellarGraph.from_networkx class supports this in two ways:

2. using a Pandas DataFrame (this is the same as the StellarGraph(...) constructor from the “loading from Pandas” tutorial)

Let’s continue using the same graph.

If the nodes of our graph comes or can be augmented with, a feature attribute that contains a numeric sequence (such as a list or a NumPy array), StellarGraph.from_networkx can load these to create node features.

The feature attributes can be assigned in many ways, such as via some_graph.nodes[node_id][feature_name] = ... or by iterating over the nodes. We’ll do the second one here:

[9]:

g_feature_attr = g.copy()

def compute_features(node_id):
# in general this could compute something based on other features, but for this example,
# we don't have any other features, so we'll just do something basic with the node_id
return [ord(node_id), len(node_id)]

for node_id, node_data in g_feature_attr.nodes(data=True):
node_data["feature"] = compute_features(node_id)

# let's see what some of them look like:
g_feature_attr.nodes["a"], g_feature_attr.nodes["c"]

[9]:

({'feature': [97, 1]}, {'feature': [99, 1]})

The node_features=... parameter let’s us tell from_networkx how to find the features. If it’s a string, it looks for an attribute by that name in each node of the graph.

[10]:

square_feature_attr = StellarGraph.from_networkx(g_feature_attr, node_features="feature")
print(square_feature_attr.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
default: [4]
Features: float32 vector, length 2
Edge types: default-default->default

Edge types:
default-default->default: [5]
Weights: all 1 (default)

Notice how info now says that nodes of type default (all of them) have a feature vector of length 2. Success!

In a homogeneous graph like this, the features for every node need to have the same length.

### 2. Using a Pandas DataFrame¶

Another option is to have a Pandas DataFrame of features. This is often more efficient, if the data comes separately to the graph structure, or if significant preprocessing is required before creating the StellarGraph.

The structure of the dataframe is the same as the nodes DataFrame used for the main StellarGraph(...) constructor (docs), which is covered in more detail in the “loading from Pandas” tutorial. That tutorial includes examples of loading the DataFrame from a file. In this tutorial, we will just work with DataFrames that have already been loaded.

[11]:

import pandas as pd

features = pd.DataFrame(
{"x": [1, 2, 3, 4], "y": [-0.2, 0.3, 0.0, -0.5]}, index=["a", "b", "c", "d"]
)
features

[11]:

x y
a 1 -0.2
b 2 0.3
c 3 0.0
d 4 -0.5

Notice how the IDs we used for the nodes in the NetworkX graph are the DataFrame’s index. The index is how the features are connected to each node, and the nodes in the graph and nodes in the DataFrame need to match exactly.

With a DataFrame in the appropriate format, we can pass this to the node_features=... parameter too.

[12]:

square_feature_dataframe = StellarGraph.from_networkx(
g_feature_attr, node_features=features
)
print(square_feature_dataframe.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
default: [4]
Features: float32 vector, length 2
Edge types: default-default->default

Edge types:
default-default->default: [5]
Weights: all 1 (default)

Like with the attribute, info now says that our nodes have a feature vector of length 2.

We can use Pandas to do all sorts of feature preprocessing, like the column filtering and one-hot encoding done in the other tutorial.

## Homogeneous graph with edge weights¶

Some algorithms can understand edge weights, which can be used as a measure of the strength of the connection, or a measure of distance between nodes. A StellarGraph instance can have weighted edges, by specifying a weight attribute on the edges.

[13]:

g_weighted = nx.Graph()
# diagonal

square_weighted = StellarGraph.from_networkx(g_weighted)
print(square_weighted.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
default: [4]
Features: none
Edge types: default-default->default

Edge types:
default-default->default: [5]
Weights: range=[1, 5], mean=3, std=1.58114

Notice the output of info now shows additional statistics about edge weights.

The name of the attribute can be customised using the edge_weight_attr parameter.

[14]:

g_weighted_other = nx.Graph()
# diagonal

square_weighted_other = StellarGraph.from_networkx(
g_weighted, edge_weight_attr="distance"
)
print(square_weighted.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
default: [4]
Features: none
Edge types: default-default->default

Edge types:
default-default->default: [5]
Weights: range=[1, 5], mean=3, std=1.58114

## Directed graphs¶

Some graphs have edge directions, where going from source to target has a different meaning to going from target to source. NetworkX models this using the DiGraph and MultiDiGraph classes, and StellarGraph.from_networkx automatically creates a directed graph if they are passed.

All of the other options like node features and edge weights work the same as undirected graphs.

[15]:

g_directed = nx.DiGraph()
# diagonal

square_directed = StellarGraph.from_networkx(g_directed)
print(square_directed.info())

StellarDiGraph: Directed multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
default: [4]
Features: none
Edge types: default-default->default

Edge types:
default-default->default: [5]
Weights: all 1 (default)

## Heterogeneous graphs¶

Some graphs have multiple types of nodes and multiple types of edges.

StellarGraph supports all forms of heterogeneous graphs, including knowledge graphs.

The types of nodes and edges in a heterogeneous graph created using StellarGraph.from_networkx are read from a label attribute by default.

### Multiple node types¶

Suppose a is of type foo, and b, c and d are of type bar. We can set the label attribute on each node appropriate using the nx.set_node_attributes function (docs).

[16]:

g_foo_bar = g.copy()
nx.set_node_attributes(
g_foo_bar, {"a": "foo", "b": "bar", "c": "bar", "d": "bar"}, "label"
)

square_foo_bar = StellarGraph.from_networkx(g_foo_bar)
print(square_foo_bar.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
bar: [3]
Features: none
Edge types: bar-default->bar, bar-default->foo
foo: [1]
Features: none
Edge types: foo-default->bar

Edge types:
foo-default->bar: [3]
Weights: all 1 (default)
bar-default->bar: [2]
Weights: all 1 (default)

If the label attribute doesn’t exist, the node_type_default value is used.

[17]:

g_foo = g.copy()
# only 'a' has a label attribute
g_foo.nodes["a"]["label"] = "foo"

square_foo_bar_default = StellarGraph.from_networkx(g_foo, node_type_default="bar")
print(square_foo_bar_default.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
bar: [3]
Features: none
Edge types: bar-default->bar, bar-default->foo
foo: [1]
Features: none
Edge types: foo-default->bar

Edge types:
foo-default->bar: [3]
Weights: all 1 (default)
bar-default->bar: [2]
Weights: all 1 (default)

The attribute used to compute the node or edge type can be customised via the node_type_attr parameter. For instance, we can use the type attribute instead of the label one:

[18]:

g_foo_other = g.copy()
# only 'a' has a type attribute
g_foo_other.nodes["a"]["type"] = "foo"

square_foo_bar_other = StellarGraph.from_networkx(
g_foo, node_type_default="bar", node_type_attr="type"
)
print(square_foo_bar_other.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
bar: [4]
Features: none
Edge types: bar-default->bar

Edge types:
bar-default->bar: [5]
Weights: all 1 (default)

If we have features for the nodes, the features can be stored in the nodes under a features attribute. The name of the attribute has to be the same for all types, but the shape or size of the attribute does not.

[19]:

g_foo_bar_attr = g_foo_bar.copy()
nx.set_node_attributes(
g_foo_bar_attr,
{"a": [], "b": [0.4, 100], "c": [0.1, 200], "d": [0.9, 300]},
"feature",
)

[20]:

square_foo_bar_features_attr = StellarGraph.from_networkx(
g_foo_bar_attr, node_features="feature"
)
print(square_foo_bar_features_attr.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
bar: [3]
Features: float32 vector, length 2
Edge types: bar-default->bar, bar-default->foo
foo: [1]
Features: none
Edge types: foo-default->bar

Edge types:
foo-default->bar: [3]
Weights: all 1 (default)
bar-default->bar: [2]
Weights: all 1 (default)

Notice how the nodes of type foo (a) have no features, but the nodes of type bar (all others) have a vector of length 2.

Alternatively, we can use Pandas DataFrames, specifying the node_features=... parameter as a dictionary mapping a node type to a DataFrame of features for nodes of that type. The dictionary only needs to include node types that have features.

[21]:

features_bar = pd.DataFrame(
{"y": [0.4, 0.1, 0.9], "z": [100, 200, 300]}, index=["b", "c", "d"]
)
features_bar

[21]:

y z
b 0.4 100
c 0.1 200
d 0.9 300
[22]:

square_foo_bar_features_dataframe = StellarGraph.from_networkx(
g_foo_bar, node_features={"bar": features_bar}
)
print(square_foo_bar_features_dataframe.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
bar: [3]
Features: float32 vector, length 2
Edge types: bar-default->bar, bar-default->foo
foo: [1]
Features: none
Edge types: foo-default->bar

Edge types:
foo-default->bar: [3]
Weights: all 1 (default)
bar-default->bar: [2]
Weights: all 1 (default)

### Multiple edge types¶

A heterogeneous graph with multiple edge types is supported in the same way, by looking for a label attribute (the name can be customised with the edge_type_attr=... parameter, like node_type_attr=...).

[23]:

g_orientation = nx.Graph()

[24]:

square_orientation = StellarGraph.from_networkx(g_orientation)
print(square_orientation.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
default: [4]
Features: none
Edge types: default-diagonal->default, default-horizontal->default, default-vertical->default

Edge types:
default-vertical->default: [2]
Weights: all 1 (default)
default-horizontal->default: [2]
Weights: all 1 (default)
default-diagonal->default: [1]
Weights: all 1 (default)

### Multiple everything¶

A graph can have multiple node types and multiple edge types, with features or without and with edge weights or without. We can put everything together from the previous sections to make a single complicated StellarGraph.

[25]:

g_everything = g_orientation.copy()
nx.set_node_attributes(
g_everything, {"a": "foo", "b": "bar", "c": "bar", "d": "bar"}, "label"
)

[26]:

stellar_everything = StellarGraph.from_networkx(
g_everything, node_features={"bar": features_bar}
)
print(stellar_everything.info())

StellarGraph: Undirected multigraph
Nodes: 4, Edges: 5

Node types:
bar: [3]
Features: float32 vector, length 2
Edge types: bar-diagonal->foo, bar-horizontal->bar, bar-horizontal->foo, bar-vertical->bar, bar-vertical->foo
foo: [1]
Features: none
Edge types: foo-diagonal->bar, foo-horizontal->bar, foo-vertical->bar

Edge types:
foo-vertical->bar: [1]
Weights: all 1 (default)
foo-horizontal->bar: [1]
Weights: all 1 (default)
foo-diagonal->bar: [1]
Weights: all 1 (default)
bar-vertical->bar: [1]
Weights: all 1 (default)
bar-horizontal->bar: [1]
Weights: all 1 (default)

## Conclusion¶

You hopefully now know more about building a StellarGraph in various configurations via NetworkX.

Revisit this document to use as a reminder, or documentation for the StellarGraph.from_networkx static method.

Once you’ve loaded your data, you can start doing machine learning: a good place to start is the demo of the GCN algorithm on the Cora dataset for node classification. Additionally, StellarGraph includes many other demos of other algorithms, solving other tasks.

Execute this notebook:


text:
# Nuts and bolts, part 2

This post was written by Jeb Collins

Welcome back to the nuts and bolts of mastery-based testing. This post is part 2 about the logistics of actually implementing this assessment method in the classroom. If you haven’t read part 1, Katie does a great job explaining about how to prepare before the semester and what happens during the first week. In this post I will be talking about what happens once the semester starts: how to create the multiple tests and quizzes that are written throughout the semester, how to grade those tests and quizzes, and how the final grade is calculated. I’ll be writing about my experiences and choices in how this is implemented, with the huge caveat that there are many ways of implementing this method, and mine is simply one of them. I’m sure you’ll see many others in future posts.

Choosing Exam Problems

Once the mastery topics are chosen, then the individual problems must be chosen to appropriately test those topics. There are a couple of things to keep in mind when choosing the problems. First, one of the main differences in exams from a points-based approach is that you need multiple versions of each question. Therefore, you want to choose questions that can be easily modified. I have found that such questions tend to come in two forms. The first is something like a differentiation or integration question, where the question can be changed completely by a small change such as $x^2 \to \sin(x)$. It is generally very easy to come up with multiple versions of those questions. The other form are word problems, such as a related rates. In order to qualitatively change the question, a good deal of work is needed to come up with a new problem. For those questions I like to find two or three such questions that are qualitatively different, and then create different versions from those two or three by simply changing numbers.

I also choose slightly harder problems for my mastery-based tests. I have a couple of reasons for this. First, I don’t give a cumulative final, so once a student has mastered a topic they are never tested on it again. So I want to be sure that students who obtain mastery on a topic have truly mastered the material. Also, each test has only four new problems on it, and therefore is slightly shorter than a typical points-based test.

Finally, something to consider when writing questions is their length. Mastery questions will often have multiple parts to them, since most topics cannot be tested by one problem. However, this can lead to trouble if the question is too long, since failure on one part can lead to a loss of mastery on the whole topic. I have one example from Calculus 2 where I wrote an integration question that included both trig substitution and partial fractions. I noticed that often students would get one part right and another wrong, and therefore wouldn’t get mastery on the topic. The next semester I decided to break both of them up into two separate topics, and it worked much better. I had more total mastery topics, but the students were better able to demonstrate their ability on the different integration techniques.

Writing Exams

Something I didn’t realize when I started using master-based tested was that writing the tests can be considerably different from a points-based method. In a points-based method, each test written is the same length and covers distinct topics. In mastery-based testing, each test is longer than the last, covering new material in addition to different versions of problems from the previous tests. In a points-based method, the quizzes are uniform; that is, each student takes the same quiz. In mastery-based testing, I may have to create as many as 18 different quizzes for one day, as each student may wish to attempt a different problem. All of this adds up to needing a different method to create these tests and quizzes in an efficient manner.

What I like to do is create a library of problems for each mastery topic. I will create a different file for each topic and store all the versions of my problem for that topic in the file. I usually create about 3-10 problems for each topic, creating less versions for the later topics since they will be used less often. This is a good thing to do during the summer or winter break, when I have some extra free time. With this library in hand, writing the exams or quizzes becomes a matter of copy and paste, and can actually be done very quickly.

Quizzes

In mastery-based testing, quizzes are an opportunity for students to obtain mastery on a single topic between the exams. Since failure is not only expected on the exams but is considered beneficial for the students learning, I want to give my students as many opportunities as possible to demonstrate to me they have learned from their failure on previous tests. As the semester goes on, the exams get longer and more stressful for the students, and quizzes are an opportunity for students to demonstrate mastery on a single question. This obviously increases their grade, but it also leaves fewer questions for them to attempt on the next test, which reduces stress. For these reasons I actually find students asking for more quizzes than I have time to give.

When I give quizzes, I let each student choose which mastery questions they would like to attempt on the quiz. This only makes sense since each student will have mastered different topics on the previous exams. For conservation reasons, I don’t print out quizzes with all the questions on them. I have the students email me by the day before the test to let me know which problem they want to attempt. This is usually the biggest problem because students forget about the email, and are then unable to take the quiz. So I remind them often for about a week before the quiz to send me a quick, one-line email, and I also print out extra quizzes . Mostly, by the time the second quiz happens, all the students who want to take the quiz remember to email me. I always give the quiz at the end of the class period. This is because there are some people who will not take it, either because they have mastered all the topics up to that point, or because they are simply not prepared by the time the quiz comes around. I am fine with this, and just let the students leave early.

I use the following grade distribution in my mastery-based classes:

• Tests: 80%
• Homework: 20%

I choose to have the majority of the student’s grade decided by the mastery score. My main reason for doing this is because I design the exam questions such that if they show mastery of them, they understand the material of the course. Another reason is because the mastery exams are where growth mindset is emphasized in the course, I want that mindset to be emphasized for the students.

One aspect of mastery-based testing that I have found to vary widely implementers of this testing method is how the average test score is calculated. The way I calculate the test average is to subtract 5% for every question not mastered. This of course means that you can master no questions and still get a positive exam average, but since this would result in an F under any reasonable grading scale, it really doesn’t matter. However, this does make it somewhat difficult for students to understand how to calculate their grade as the semester progresses. To help with this, I provide the following table on my syllabus:

This helps the students get an idea at the beginning of the semester of how many questions they need to master to obtain the grade they want. More importantly, it helps them determine their grade during the semester. This table also allows me to easily emphasize the importance of doing homework, as the students can easily see that doing poorly on homework requires them to do very well on exams to compensate.

Hopefully these posts have given a good broad overview of how a mastery-based class could be run. As I mentioned above, this is only one way in which the class could be set up. There are really as many implementations of this method as there are instructors using it, but these basic guidelines should give a good starting place for those of you thinking about trying out mastery-based testing.

## One thought on “Nuts and bolts, part 2”

1. […] before the course begins — how should you write the syllabus and explain MBT to your students? Part 2 explains the specifics of writing exams and grading that you will be dealing with once the course […]

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# animation nodes mix vector doesnt work

How i can fix it? I trying to make some morph with metaballs


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# Error when using polyglossia, french and make4ht

A memory error occurs when using the package polyglossia, setting french as default language and compiling with make4ht.

Here is a simple code to reproduce the error:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{polyglossia}
\setdefaultlanguage{french}
\title{Test: 123}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\end{document}

The error message is:

[ERROR]   htlatex: ?    14   TeX capacity exceeded, sorry [main memory size=5000000].
[FATAL]   make4ht-lib: Fatal error. Command htlatex returned exit code 1

I'm compiling with

make4ht -u -x test

TeX4ht uses some tricks to support Unicode input. In XeLaTeX, it makes most of characters active. The active characters are then used to insert \special commands with instructions for Unicode. It seems to clash with Polyglossia in this case, as you can see from the full error message:

! TeX capacity exceeded, sorry [main memory size=5000000].
\nobreakspace ...l {t4ht@+\string &{35}x00A0{59}}x

The problem is that Polyglossia with XeTeX makes some characters active as well. Somehow it results in memory overflow. In your case the problem is with colon in your title \title{Test: 123}.

To fix that, we must redefine \nobreakspace at the moment when Polyglossia defines active characters, which is done by the \french@punctuation command.

Save the following code as gloss-french.4ht:

\pend:def\french@punctuation{\bgroup\let\nobreakspace\space}
\append:def\french@punctuation{\egroup}
\endinput

This file is loaded automatically by TeX4ht when you use Polyglossia with French. The \pend:def command executes code before the redefined command, \append:def executes it after command ends.

Your example then compiles without errors:


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# Explicit Formula of Recurrence Relation from Generating Function

I have given following recurrence relation:

$$a_{n+1} = (n+1)a_n + n!$$ where $a_0 = 0$

I had invoked given relation with exponential generating function, such as:

$$g(x) = \sum_{n=0}^\infty a_n {x^n\over n!} \\= \sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n {x^n\over n!} + a_0 \\= \sum_{n=0}^\infty a_{n+1} {x^{n+1}\over (n+1)!}\\=x\sum_{n=0}^\infty a_n {x^n\over n!}+\sum_{n=0}^\infty{1\over n+1}x^{n+1}$$ thus, $$g(x) = xg(x) + x+\frac{x^2}{2} + \frac{x^3}{3} +\cdots$$ therefore, $$g(x) = {1\over 1-x}(x+\frac{x^2}{2}+\frac{x^3}{3} + \cdots) \tag{1}$$

Now from this $g(x)$ I want to draw out explicit formula of $a_n$ but I can't image the way how I can change RHS of $(1)$ into form of $a_nx^n/n!$

Where should I start from?

• You get that $g(x) = \sum H_n x^n$ is the ordinary generating function of the harmonic numbers $H_n = \sum_{k=1}^n \frac{1}{k}$, so $a_n = n! H_n$. I don't think you can say much more than that. – Qiaochu Yuan Nov 27 '17 at 0:02

If we divide by $(n+1)!$, we get $$\frac{a_{n+1}}{(n+1)!}=\frac{a_n}{n!}+\frac1{n+1}$$ Thus, $$\frac{a_n}{n!}=C+H_n$$ The condition $a_0=0$ implies that $C=0$. Therefore, $$a_n=n!\,H_n$$


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# Question

In the United States, the population mean height for 3-year-old boys is 38 inches (http://www.kidsgrowth.com). Suppose a random sample of 15 non-U.S. 3-year-old boys showed a sample mean of 37.2 inches with a standard deviation of 3 inches. The boys were independently sampled. Assume that heights are normally distributed in the population.
a. Determine whether the population mean for non-U.S. boys is significantly different from the U.S. population mean. Use a significance level of 0.05.
b. Now suppose the sample consists of 30 boys instead of 15, and repeat the test.
c. Explain why the t-values and p-values for parts a and b are different.

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# GRBModel.FeasRelax()

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### GRBModel.FeasRelax()

Modifies the GRBModel object to create a feasibility relaxation. Note that you need to call Optimize on the result to compute the actual relaxed solution.

The feasibility relaxation is a model that, when solved, minimizes the amount by which the solution violates the bounds and linear constraints of the original model. This method provides a number of options for specifying the relaxation.

If you specify relaxobjtype=0, the objective of the feasibility relaxation is to minimize the sum of the weighted magnitudes of the bound and constraint violations. The lbpen, ubpen, and rhspen arguments specify the cost per unit violation in the lower bounds, upper bounds, and linear constraints, respectively.

If you specify relaxobjtype=1, the objective of the feasibility relaxation is to minimize the weighted sum of the squares of the bound and constraint violations. The lbpen, ubpen, and rhspen arguments specify the coefficients on the squares of the lower bound, upper bound, and linear constraint violations, respectively.

If you specify relaxobjtype=2, the objective of the feasibility relaxation is to minimize the weighted count of bound and constraint violations. The lbpen, ubpen, and rhspen arguments specify the cost of violating a lower bound, upper bound, and linear constraint, respectively.

To give an example, if a constraint with rhspen value p is violated by 2.0, it would contribute 2*p to the feasibility relaxation objective for relaxobjtype=0, it would contribute 2*2*p for relaxobjtype=1, it would contribute p for relaxobjtype=2.

The minrelax argument is a boolean that controls the type of feasibility relaxation that is created. If minrelax=false, optimizing the returned model gives a solution that minimizes the cost of the violation. If minrelax=true, optimizing the returned model finds a solution that minimizes the original objective, but only from among those solutions that minimize the cost of the violation. Note that FeasRelax must solve an optimization problem to find the minimum possible relaxation when minrelax=true, which can be quite expensive.

There are two signatures for this method. The more complex one takes a list of variables and constraints, as well as penalties associated with relaxing the corresponding lower bounds, upper bounds, and constraints. If a variable or constraint is not included in one of these lists, the associated bounds or constraints may not be violated. The simpler signature takes a pair of boolean arguments, vrelax and crelax, that indicate whether variable bounds and/or constraints can be violated. If vrelax/crelax is true, then every bound/constraint is allowed to be violated, respectively, and the associated cost is 1.0.

Note that this is a destructive method: it modifies the model on which it is invoked. If you don't want to modify your original model, use the GRBModel constructor to create a copy before invoking this method.

 double FeasRelax ( int relaxobjtype, boolean minrelax, GRBVar[] vars, double[] lbpen, double[] ubpen, GRBConstr[] constrs, double[] rhspen )
Create a feasibility relaxation model.

Arguments:

relaxobjtype: The cost function used when finding the minimum cost relaxation.

minrelax: The type of feasibility relaxation to perform.

vars: Variables whose bounds are allowed to be violated.

lbpen: Penalty for violating a variable lower bound. One entry for each variable in argument vars.

ubpen: Penalty for violating a variable upper bound. One entry for each variable in argument vars.

constrs: Linear constraints that are allowed to be violated.

rhspen: Penalty for violating a linear constraint. One entry for each constraint in argument constrs.

Arguments:

Return value:

Zero if minrelax is false. If minrelax is true, the return value is the objective value for the relaxation performed. If the value is less than 0, it indicates that the method failed to create the feasibility relaxation.

 double FeasRelax ( int relaxobjtype, boolean minrelax, boolean vrelax, boolean crelax )
Simplified method for creating a feasibility relaxation model.

Arguments:

relaxobjtype: The cost function used when finding the minimum cost relaxation.

minrelax: The type of feasibility relaxation to perform.

vrelax: Indicates whether variable bounds can be relaxed (with a cost of 1.0 for any violations.

crelax: Indicates whether linear constraints can be relaxed (with a cost of 1.0 for any violations.

Return value:

Zero if minrelax is false. If minrelax is true, the return value is the objective value for the relaxation performed. If the value is less than 0, it indicates that the method failed to create the feasibility relaxation.


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# Why do probabilities sum to one and how can I set optimal threshold level?

I am working on a text classification use case. The training data has two classes, so the XBBoostClassifier and onevsrest model is classifying the test data into either of the two classes. But my requirement is to classify either into given the classes or if no match found, then set it as 'undetermined" so that i can manually classify the data.

I tried the following OneVsRest Classifier

pl = Pipeline([
('vec', CountVectorizer(token_pattern = tks)),
('clf', OneVsRestClassifier(LogisticRegression()))
])
pl.fit(x,y)
predictions = pl.predict_proba(test.comment_text)

But the sum of the probabilities is one and moreover the probability is above 90 for the class to which the data belongs to.

Please clarify the following points 1. Why the probability is always one? whether it means that the data is mutually exclusive? 2. The probabilities are like this

CLASS 1           :CLASS 2
0.892993358265023 : 0.106808845640795
0.999999742528922 : 2.57685096542208E-07

Does that mean that in first case, probability is only 90% for class 1 and hence the classifier is not able to classify the data properly. However in other case, there is clear cut difference as the probability is around 99%

Can I set the threshold, like 90%, and conclude if the probability is less than 90% , let the users manually classify the data?

Question 1. Why do probabilities sum to 1: Probability theory. Probabilities sum 1 because that’s how we define them. It just so happens that, by forcing them to sum 1, they have an intuitive interpretation and also calculations end up being easier. But this is mere convenience. Probabilities (or, more specifically, probability measures) could have been defined to sum 12 or 100 or whatever number you prefer. It doesn’t really matter.

Further sub-questions:

• Its not the data thats exclusive its the classes.
• Classifier is able to classify just with lower probability ( I would actually argue that 99999% is to much maybe he is overfitting)

Question 2 Can I set the threshold, like 90%, and conclude if the probability is less than 90% , let the users manually classify the data? Let the data tell you optimal cut-off level/threshold (from the ROC curve, read it up)

def optimal_cutoff(ground_truths: np.array,
predictions: np.array) -> float:
"""

:param ground_truths: array of arrays (matrix) of all ground truths
:param predictions: array of arrays (matrix) of all predictions
:return: optimal cut-off level
"""
optimal_thresholds = []
for y_train, y_pred in zip(ground_truths, predictions):
fpr, tpr, threshold = roc_curve(y_train, y_pred)
optimal_idx = np.argmax(tpr - fpr)
optimal_thresholds.append(threshold[optimal_idx])

return sum(optimal_thresholds) / (len(optimal_thresholds))

So you would calculate cut-off on your available GROUND truths. Now if, when you specified optimal cut-off level your metric (lets say f1) falls behind certain level you can tell users to check it up.


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## Statistics: Informed Decisions Using Data (4th Edition)

In this case, we are considering that it is possible that a selected patient visited the doctor for a blood pressure check and for urinalysis at the same time. So, the events "a patient visited the doctor for a blood pressure check" and "a patient visited the doctor for urinalysis" are not mutually exclusives (disjoint events). Then, we must use the General Addition Rule (page 273): $P(blood~pressure~check~or~urinalysis) = P(blood~pressure)+P(urinalysis)-P(blood~pressure~check~and~urinalysis)$


text:
# How much money did ohio get in tobacco settlement total

###### Question:

how much money did ohio get in tobacco settlement total

### Unlike North America, Europe has many independent nations on one continent. Do you think being neighbors makes it easier or more difficult for countries to get along? explain youranswer

Unlike North America, Europe has many independent nations on one continent. Do you think being neighbors makes it easier or more difficult for countries to get along? explain youranswer...

### Does anyone know how I would find the thickness

does anyone know how I would find the thickness...

### Please explain this one

Please explain this one...

### When did the yalta conference take place?

When did the yalta conference take place?...

### PLEASE HELP 70 POINTS!!Paulina has 2/3 of a pound of pretzels.She needs to evenly divide the pretzels into 1/6 lb bags. How can she find out how many bags she can fill? Check all that apply.A. The problem is 2/3 divided by 1/6B. The problem is 1/6 divided by 2/3C. Paulina can fill 2 bags of pretzels.D. Paulina can fill 4 bags of pretzels.E. Paulina can fill 6 bags of pretzels.

PLEASE HELP 70 POINTS!!Paulina has 2/3 of a pound of pretzels.She needs to evenly divide the pretzels into 1/6 lb bags. How can she find out how many bags she can fill? Check all that apply.A. The problem is 2/3 divided by 1/6B. The problem is 1/6 divided by 2/3C. Paulina can fill 2 bags of pretzels...

### Two point of government

two point of government...

### Where does the energy go in an endothermic reaction?

Where does the energy go in an endothermic reaction? ...

### The concept of continental drift was developed by Alfred Wegener. Which of the following pieces of evidence does NOT support Wegener's hypothesis? Group of answer choices Fossils of the same organisms are found on different continents. Similar glacial sediments are found in different parts of the world. The shapes of the continents fit together like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle Climates at different latitudes are similar to one another.

The concept of continental drift was developed by Alfred Wegener. Which of the following pieces of evidence does NOT support Wegener's hypothesis? Group of answer choices Fossils of the same organisms are found on different continents. Similar glacial sediments are found in different parts of the wo...

### For each of the following, select whether it was an attribute of Jackson or Adams. Increased tariffs ______ Supported states’ rights _____ Limited education _____ Opposed slavery ______

For each of the following, select whether it was an attribute of Jackson or Adams. Increased tariffs ______ Supported states’ rights _____ Limited education _____ Opposed slavery ______...

### I need info about money

i need info about money...

### A pitch of Middle D (first harmonic = 294 Hz) is sounded out by a vibrating guitar string. The length of the string is 70.0 cm. Calculate the speed of the standing wave in the guitar string. A frequency of the first harmonic is 587 Hz (pitch of D5) is sounded out by a vibrating guitar string. The speed of the wave is 600 m/sec. Find the length of the string.

A pitch of Middle D (first harmonic = 294 Hz) is sounded out by a vibrating guitar string. The length of the string is 70.0 cm. Calculate the speed of the standing wave in the guitar string. A frequency of the first harmonic is 587 Hz (pitch of D5) is sounded out by a vibrating guitar string. T...

### 23. A car is driving at 15 m/s and accelerates at a rate of 23 m/s2 for 22.8 seconds. What speed did it achieve after 22.8 seconds of acceleration? a. 539.4 m/s C. 119 m/s b. 250.2 m/s d. 55 m/s

23. A car is driving at 15 m/s and accelerates at a rate of 23 m/s2 for 22.8 seconds. What speed did it achieve after 22.8 seconds of acceleration? a. 539.4 m/s C. 119 m/s b. 250.2 m/s d. 55 m/s...

### WHAT IS THE CORRECT ANSWER? THANKS CHOOSE THE MOST APPROPRIATE PREPOSITION ACCORDING TO THE TEXT. 4.The plane of the american president was flying ____________ besides us all the time. It was a nice surprise A.Toward B.Along C.Across D.Through

WHAT IS THE CORRECT ANSWER? THANKS CHOOSE THE MOST APPROPRIATE PREPOSITION ACCORDING TO THE TEXT. 4.The plane of the american president was flying ____________ besides us all the time. It was a nice surprise A.Toward B.Along C.Across D.Through...

### Which of these triangle pairs can be mapped to each other using a reflection and a translation?

Which of these triangle pairs can be mapped to each other using a reflection and a translation?...

### Was ist dein Lieblingsessen?

was ist dein Lieblingsessen?...

### True or false. A car engine must have fossil fuels to work

True or false. A car engine must have fossil fuels to work...


text:
What could be done to reinvent the Affordaplane to a more homogeneous project?

Help Support HomeBuiltAirplanes.com:

wingnutzster

New Member
I'm finally about to get my A-Plane started, I purchased the plans almost as quickly as Dave published them and later bought the updated version, I actually started the build some time ago but building other folk's kit airplanes and working on my own design, and life got in the way and many of the original parts and hardware was either used or disappeared, but now I am ready to start again and possibly build without pause this time. I have several modifications in cosmetics and structure with backcountry flying in mind since the terrain here is mostly rough and unprepared. I am still happy with a single seat since there is no one I care to be sitting behind me in this type of flying.

Basically I have revised the airfoil and thickness of the wing as well as the structure through redesign utilizing composite construction, the wingspan increases by 15%, some of that is carbon wingtips.
*I have redesigned Avid Flyer style flaperons and linkages, carbon not metal.
*We want to do CFD testing on a fixed slat, full span and 3/4 span.
*I have slightly revised the empennage aesthetically and control surfaces will be balanced.
*The 'cabin' will be a partially enclosed composite structure with a full cowl for either the:
*Vittorazzi 50hp and E prop or I already have two Cayuna 430 engines from my Eagle XCR that could work well with upgrades and fixed pitch wood props.
*I have access to a DRS recovery system for a Quicksilver or Challenger class ultralight that we want to test and fit
*I want to redesign the main gear with shocks with around 8" of travel that are actually very light and tundra style tyres and a simple braking system adapted from the Eagle.

The drafts drawings have been done as well as much of the maths (including cost) and I am very pleased with the direction this is going and obviously excited to get started. Besides being unique and tailored to my exacting aesthetic I want something that is rough and ready that turns heads, something I would be proud to have in the hangar, not just the cheapest airplane I can build, for the ultimate cost I could look at more refined aircraft yes but I always loved the A-plane and it is an important life ambition that I build and fly it, in these crazy times it's become even more important to me so here I go. We are also developing a foot-launched rigid wing glider that is hyper light and the A-Plane would serve as a great tug platform for testing.

Does anyone have an accurate 3D structural model of the A-plane I can use?

Armilite

Well-Known Member
just what is the A planes safety record . to hear some of you gentlemen speak of it you would think it would be raining A Planes from the heavens . The owners / builders seem to think quite highly of them .
==================

Go to the FAA Website and search for Affordaplane Accidents. The vast majority of all Aiplane Accidents are Human related, not structural. Same for Engine Failures, most are Human related!

Armilite

Well-Known Member
Does there exist any pictures or videos of an ultralight flying with a gx390 or clone?
=======================

All of these Honda/Clone Singles are based on the same Design! You have the Small Block version that goes up to the GX170, then Scaled up to the Big Block version that starts at the GX340/GX390. They just change the Bores & Strokes! The Big Blocks are based off the GX390 and can go up to +12mm (100mm x 86.5mm) 679.6cc!

Lazair Ultralight with a pair of Clone GX200's upgraded to 15hp each.

Paramotor Trike........chinese clone of a honda gx390 engine.

While there are many variables for making hp, from Carb Size, CR used, CAM Lift, Valve Sizes, Porting!

A GX200 DYNO PRINT making 21.22hp@5800rpm! The Lazair has an MTOW of 450 lbs = 204.1166 kg / 10 kg = 20.41166 kw needed = 27.37249 hp! 27.37249 hp / 2 = 13.7 hp each needed! This Engine makes 14.19hp@4200rpm, makes 15.2hp@4400rpm. Now this Engine is using 12.5cr, and for Plane use, I would drop it to 11.0cr, and detune it to 5000rpm for Plane use and you would lose probably 1.5hp for CR Change, so at 5000rpm it shows 17.83hp - 1.5hp = 16.33hp. Drop it to 10.0cr and you would have around 15.3 hp Engine.

A GX420 DYNO PRINT making 34.83hp@5760rpm. Notice it was making 33.4hp@5000rpm! They don't show any of the Specs, CR, CAM they used, or other Specs other than they used a 34mm Carb.

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galapoola

Well-Known Member
Asthetically, I'm not a fan of a fabric covered wing leading edge that dips down between the ribs. I've seen some designs that use the short ribs between full ribs to smooth things out. Then there's the ply or aluminum sheet steamed/folded over the D to smooth the fabric out. Both solutions would add weight. Anyone use a leading edge solution to pretty up the wing?

BJC

Well-Known Member
HBA Supporter
Asthetically, I'm not a fan of a fabric covered wing leading edge that dips down between the ribs. I've seen some designs that use the short ribs between full ribs to smooth things out.
Agree. Airplanes are similar to another addiction in that, in addition to being functional, they should be pretty.

BJC

ElectricFlyer

Well-Known Member
HBA Supporter
I would like to see an updated design of the A-Plane as a pusher with folding wings. Can we not be affordable and up to date?
Cheers

allonsye

Member
As a high wing you at least don’t have to look at it when you fly...
My high (under-cambered) wing has v/g's under the leading edge making it even more unattractive, but the faster 10 - 15 mph faster airspeed yield makes being unattractive somewhat more attractive.

cloudopr

Member
I would like to see an updated design of the A-Plane as a pusher with folding wings. Can we not be affordable and up to date?
Cheers
I built an Affordaplane. I would love to be able to fold the wings on it. I was just wondering if anyone has ever tried to come up a folding wing for the Affordaplane?

BJC

Well-Known Member
HBA Supporter
My high (under-cambered) wing has v/g's under the leading edge making it even more unattractive, but the faster 10 - 15 mph faster airspeed yield makes being unattractive somewhat more attractive.
What airplane?

BJC

erkki67

Well-Known Member
I would like to see an updated design of the A-Plane as a pusher with folding wings. Can we not be affordable and up to date?
Cheers

a mister named Daniel Dalby, came up with this idea. Please check how the rolling is achieved.

Aerowerx

Well-Known Member
View attachment 109836
a mister named Daniel Dalby, came up with this idea. Please check how the rolling is achieved.
I see a couple of problems with this.

First, the two square frames---under the wing and at the tail. Squares are inherently flimsy. Add a diagonal at each place to form triangles. MUCH stiffer with minimal addition of weight.

Also, just how still is that tail boom?

 I meant how STIFF is that tail boom.

Last edited:

galapoola

Well-Known Member
I built an Affordaplane. I would love to be able to fold the wings on it. I was just wondering if anyone has ever tried to come up a folding wing for the Affordaplane?
The Legal Eagle now has a wing fold option. It’s a pull and twist so the wings lay flat against the fuselage. I watched the videos. Nice design. I asked quite a few people about parasol folders and they all said no or couldn’t be done. The AF could probably adapt that design.

Armilite

Well-Known Member
View attachment 109836
a mister named Daniel Dalby, came up with this idea. Please check how the rolling is achieved.
========================================

While I prefer a Pusher myself. This Design looks Weak with only one Spar. People having access to 750+ different Designs for the last 40+ Years have gotten by without a Foldable Wing. Hanger Rent isn't that expensive $75 to$125 and most people that are serious about Flying, have either an Ultralight or Small Kitplane that doesn't need that Long of Runway, so they fly out of their own Acreage and have a Hanger there. I would bet the people who Trailer their Plane with a Foldable Wing, Fly less, account it usually takes two People to Fold and Put back up. Per Kitplane magazine the National Avg for an Ultralight Pilot is 50hrs a Year. That Design above also doesn't offer any Safety for the Pilot. No Place to mount a Windshield. Winter Flying is out! I do like the better Landing Gear! Just my 2 cents!

erkki67

Well-Known Member
========================================

While I prefer a Pusher myself. This Design looks Weak with only one Spar. People having access to 750+ different Designs for the last 40+ Years have gotten by without a Foldable Wing. Hanger Rent isn't that expensive $75 to$125 and most people that are serious about Flying, have either an Ultralight or Small Kitplane that doesn't need that Long of Runway, so they fly out of their own Acreage and have a Hanger there. I would bet the people who Trailer their Plane with a Foldable Wing, Fly less, account it usually takes two People to Fold and Put back up. Per Kitplane magazine the National Avg for an Ultralight Pilot is 50hrs a Year. That Design above also doesn't offer any Safety for the Pilot. No Place to mount a Windshield. Winter Flying is out! I do like the better Landing Gear! Just my 2 cents!
Where I live you tripple the rents, then it make sense to have folding or detachable.

ElectricFlyer

Well-Known Member
HBA Supporter
Rent isn't that expensive $75 to$125 and most people that are serious about Flying,
Thats great for your area i guess -- Here in Toronto Canada area we can pay 150 a month just to trailer to a runway and use it.
Jokingly, why is it that is it always the "serious flyers" that money never seems to be an issue. I would think they need to be rebranded as:
lucky flyers
I got a really good high paying job flyers
I buy a new truck every 2 yrs flyers
I inherited money flyers.

For some of us, that 125/mth 1500/yr, might need to put towards many other things in life and still fly. Is that not why we are also here on this site, money is tight but we still want to participate in the dream of flying.

Cheers to all

challenger_II

Well-Known Member
EF: Some folks you pay heed to, others you take what they say with a grain of salt. At the end of the day, One has to build/buy to suit their specific needs.

For painless folding wings, the Kolb system is hard to beat: simple, easy, and a one-man job.


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# How to make faceless sphere

First of all, I'm new to Blender (v2.80). Currently working on AI project for which I need to create my data set. I need to render my object from every possible angle. I found a simple solution over here: Script to render one object from different angles

• Create a mesh whose vertices are the desired viewpoint positions, around your body scan. (It's the sphere, in the illustration, named 'Viewpoints')
• Create one camera, and assign it a 'Track To' constraint ('To': -Z, 'Up': Y) with the body scan as target

I was trying to achieve that effect, to make that sphere mesh. I just don't know how to make the sphere empty. It looks like this (my object and camera are inside of the sphere):

I'm sorry for making new post about it, I would prefer to comment that post that I'm referring to, but I don't have enough reputation for commenting posts.

• Hi. Glad you liked the solution. To get rid of the faces, Edit Mode, X (Delete) > Only Faces. – Robin Betts Feb 10 at 8:34
• @RobinBetts no one likes the dolly lol. – batFINGER Feb 10 at 9:18
• @batFINGER give it some time.. not counting chickens, here :) – Robin Betts Feb 10 at 9:21
• I liked both solutions! Thank you a lot! – Forlify Feb 10 at 9:31

bmesh script.

Add sphere, remove only faces with bmesh in object mode

import bpy
import bmesh

context = bpy.context


text:
# How do you factor x^2-25?

The answer is $\left(x + 5\right) \left(x - 5\right)$ .
$\left({x}^{2} - 25\right)$ fits the pattern of the difference of squares in which $\left({a}^{2} - {b}^{2}\right) = \left(a + b\right) \left(a - b\right)$.
The factorization of $\left({x}^{2} - 25\right) = \left({x}^{2} - {5}^{2}\right)$ =
$\left(x + 5\right) \left(x - 5\right)$


text:
## Absorption Spectrum

H-Atom ($E_{n}=-\frac{hR}{n^{2}}$)

Alan Wu
Posts: 61
Joined: Sat Sep 14, 2019 12:16 am

### Absorption Spectrum

I don't get why only EMs of specific wavelengths can be absorbed by Hydrogen atoms. I understand that the Emission Spectrum is a result of electrons falling back from one specific energy level to another. However, why can only specific wavelengths be absorbed? If the EM has a short wavelength and the energy is really high, shouldn't it be able to excite the electron to a higher energy level anyways? Why is it not absorbed then?

Jessica Tejero 3L
Posts: 54
Joined: Wed Sep 25, 2019 12:16 am

### Re: Absorption Spectrum

I think its because wavelength of light comes from photons with a specific energy released by electrons making transitions between specific energy levels of the atom.When an electron in an atom goes from a higher energy level to a lower energy level, it gives a photon to carry off the extra energy. The energy is equal to the energy difference between the two energy levels and the frequency will give the specific color. Absorption can't happen if the photon energy does not correspond to the difference between two energy levels.


text:
# Zero's question at Yahoo! Answers regarding polynomial fitting

#### MarkFL

Staff member
Here is the question:

Write a function for the polynomial that fits the following description.?

write a function for the polynomial that fits the following description.

p is a fourth-degree polynomial with x-intercepts -12, -6, and 6 and y-intercept -432;
p(x) is positive only on the interval (-12 , -6 ).
Here is a link to the question:

Write a function for the polynomial that fits the following description.? - Yahoo! Answers

I have posted a link there to this topic so the OP can find my response.

#### MarkFL

Staff member
Hello Zero,

From the given information, we know the polynomial must have a graph resembling the following:

Since the function does not pass through the $x$-axis at $x=6$, and it is a quartic, meaning it can have at most 4 roots, we know this root is of multiplicity 2.

Now, in order to have a negative $y$-intercept, we know it must have the form:

$f(x)=-k(x+12)(x+6)(x-6)^2$ where $0<k$

To determine $k$, we may use the information regarding its $y$ intercept as follows:

$f(0)=-k(0+12)(0+6)(0-6)^2=-432$

$-12\cdot6^3k=-432=-2\cdot6^3$

$\displaystyle k=\frac{1}{6}$

Hence:

$\displaystyle f(x)=-\frac{1}{6}(x+12)(x+6)(x-6)^2$

Since we are asked for a polynomial, we should expand it fully to find:

$\displaystyle f(x)=-\frac{1}{6}(x+12)(x-6)(x+6)(x-6)=$

$\displaystyle -\frac{1}{6}(x^2+6x-72)(x^2-36)=$

$\displaystyle -\frac{1}{6}(x^4-36x^2+6x^3-216x-72x^2+2592)=$

$\displaystyle -\frac{1}{6}(x^4+6x^3-108x^2-216x+2592)=$

$\displaystyle -\frac{1}{6}x^4-x^3+18x^2+36x-432$

Last edited:

#### jakncoke

##### Active member
Hello Zero,

From the given information, we know the polynomial must have a graph resembling the following:

View attachment 629

Since the function does not pass through the $x$-axis at $x=6$, and it is a quartic, meaning it can have at most 4 roots, we know this root is of multiplicity 2.

Now, in order to have a negative $y$-intercept, we know it must have the form:

$f(x)=-k(x+12)(x+6)(x-6)^2$ where $0<k$

To determine $k$, we may use the information regarding its $y$ intercept as follows:

$f(0)=-k(0+12)(0+6)(0-6)^2=-432$

$-12\cdot6^3k=-432=-2\cdot6^3$

$\displaystyle k=\frac{1}{6}$

Hence:

$\displaystyle f(x)=-\frac{1}{6}(x+12)(x+6)(x-6)^2$

Since we are asked for a polynomial, we should expand it fully to find:

$\displaystyle f(x)=-\frac{1}{6}(x+12)(x-6)(x+6)(x-6)=$

$\displaystyle -\frac{1}{6}(x^2+6x-72)(x^2-36)=$

$\displaystyle -\frac{1}{6}(x^4-36x^2+6x^3-216x-72x^2+2592)=$

$\displaystyle -\frac{1}{6}(x^4+6x^3-108x^2-216x+2592)=$

$\displaystyle -\frac{1}{6}x^4-x^3+18x^2+36x-432$
I really dig your ability to present solutions in a clear and concise manner


text:
# warp-diag

Diagnostic and feedback tool for Cloudflare's WARP service. See also: warp-cli. More information: https://developers.cloudflare.com/warp-client/.

• Generate a zip file with information about the system configuration and the WARP connection:

warp-diag

• Generate a zip file with debug information including a timestamp to the output filename:

warp-diag --add-ts

• Save the output file under a specific directory:

warp-diag --output {{path/to/directory}}

• Submit a new feedback to Cloudflare's WARP interactively:

warp-diag feedback


text:
# Which of the following statements are true?

Question:

Which of the following statements are true?
(i) A line segment has no definite length.
(ii) A ray has no end-point.
(iii) A line has a definite length.

(iv) A line $\overleftrightarrow{A B}$ is same as line $\overleftrightarrow{B A}$

(v) A ray $\overrightarrow{A B}$ is same as ray $\overrightarrow{B A}$.

(vi) Two distinct points always determine a unique line.
(vii) Three lines are concurrent if they have a common point.
(viii) Two distinct lines cannot have more than one point in common.
(ix) Two intersecting lines cannot be both parallel to the same line.
(x) Open half-line is the same thing as ray.
(xi) Two lines may intersect in two points.
(xii) Two lines are parallel only when they have no point in common.

Solution:

(i) False. A line segment has a definite length.

(ii) False. A ray has one end-point.

(iii) False. A line has no definite length.

(iv) True

(v) False. $\overleftrightarrow{B A}$ and $\overleftrightarrow{A B}$ have different end-points.

(vi) True

(vii) True

(viii) True

(ix) True

(x) True

(xi) False. Two lines intersect at only one point.

(xii) True