This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UHRF1 protein, from Mouse, contains 782 amino acids, has 1 PHD-type Zinc finger, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

PHD-type

RING-type

Multidomain protein that acts as a key epigenetic regulator by bridging DNA methylation and chromatin modification, Specifically recognizes and binds hemimethylated DNA at replication forks via its YDG domain and recruits DNMT1 methyltransferase to ensure faithful propagation of the DNA methylation patterns through DNA replication, In addition to its role in maintenance of DNA methylation, also plays a key role in chromatin modification: through its tudor-like regions and PHD-type zinc fingers, specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) and unmethylated at 'Arg-2' (H3R2me0), respectively, and recruits chromatin proteins, Enriched in pericentric heterochromatin where it recruits different chromatin modifiers required for this chromatin replication, Also localizes to euchromatic regions where it negatively regulates transcription possibly by impacting DNA methylation and histone modifications, Has E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity by mediating the ubiquitination of target proteins such as histone H3 and PML, It is still unclear how E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is related to its role in chromatin in vivo, Plays a role in DNA repair by cooperating with UHRF1 to ensure recruitment of FANCD2 to interstrand cross-links (ICLs) leading to FANCD2 activation ()


This is Chromobox protein homolog 7 protein, from Mouse, contains 158 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development (PubMed:16537902, PubMed:22226355), PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility, Promotes histone H3 trimethylation at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) (By similarity), Binds to histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) or at 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) (PubMed:16537902, PubMed:22226355), Trimethylation at 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) is important for chromatin recruitment (PubMed:22226355, PubMed:16537902), May possibly also bind trimethylated lysine residues in other proteins (in vitro) (PubMed:16537902), Binds non-coding, single-stranded RNA and double-stranded RNA (PubMed:20541999, PubMed:16537902), Plays a role in the timely repression of differentiation-specific genes in pluripotent embryonic stem cells to maintain the undifferentiated state (PubMed:22226355), Regulator of cellular lifespan by maintaining the repression of CDKN2A, but not by inducing telomerase activity (PubMed:14647293)


This is Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC5 protein, from Mouse, contains 715 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Palmitoyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates such as CTNND2, CD36, NOD1, NOD2, STAT3 and S1PR1 thus plays a role in various biological processes including cell adhesion, fatty acid uptake, bacterial sensing or cardiac functions (PubMed:21820437, PubMed:22081607), Plays an important role in the regulation of synapse efficacy by mediating palmitoylation of delta-catenin/CTNND2, thereby increasing synaptic delivery and surface stabilization of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors (AMPARs) (PubMed:24562000), Under basal conditions, remains at the synaptic membrane through FYN-mediated phosphorylation that prevents association with endocytic proteins, Neuronal activity enhances the internalization and trafficking of DHHC5 from spines to dendritic shafts where it palmitoylates delta-catenin/CTNND2, Regulates cell adhesion at the plasma membrane by palmitoylating GOLGA7B and DSG2, Plays a role in innate immune response by mediating the palmitoylation of NOD1 and NOD2 and their proper recruitment to the bacterial entry site and phagosomes, Participates also in fatty acid uptake by palmitoylating CD36 and thereby targeting it to the plasma membrane (PubMed:30605677), Upon binding of fatty acids to CD36, gets phosphorylated by LYN leading to inactivation and subsequent CD36 caveolar endocytosis, Controls oligodendrocyte development by catalyzing STAT3 palmitoylation (PubMed:34724258)

Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family, ERF2/ZDHHC9 subfamily


This is Biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 4 protein, from Mouse, contains 215 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Component of the BLOC-1 complex, a complex that is required for normal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LRO), such as platelet dense granules and melanosomes, In concert with the AP-3 complex, the BLOC-1 complex is required to target membrane protein cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals, The BLOC-1 complex, in association with SNARE proteins, is also proposed to be involved in neurite extension, Plays a role in intracellular vesicle trafficking


This is Rhomboid domain-containing protein 2 protein, from Mouse, contains 361 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.


This is Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 protein, from Rat, contains 655 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels which contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current (PubMed:1370480, PubMed:12042350), Plays a role in shifting voltage dependencies of activation and inactivation of the channel (PubMed:1370480, PubMed:12042350), May modulate G protein inhibition (PubMed:11604404, PubMed:12042350, PubMed:1370480), May contribute to beta-adrenergic augmentation of Ca(2+) influx in cardiomyocytes, thereby regulating increases in heart rate and contractile force (By similarity), Involved in membrane targeting of the alpha-1 subunit CACNA1C (By similarity)

Belongs to the calcium channel beta subunit family


This is Vitrin protein, from Mouse, contains 650 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Promotes matrix assembly and cell adhesiveness (PubMed:18757743), Plays a role in spinal cord formation by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (PubMed:25331329)


This is Suppressor of cytokine signaling 7 protein, from Mouse, contains 579 amino acids, locates in Cytoplasm.

Regulates signaling cascades probably through protein ubiquitination and/or sequestration, Functions in insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis through IRS1 ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation, Inhibits also prolactin, growth hormone and leptin signaling by preventing STAT3 and STAT5 activation, sequestering them in the cytoplasm and reducing their binding to DNA, May be a substrate recognition component of a SCF-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity)


This is Arsenite methyltransferase protein, from Rat, contains 369 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from AdoMet to trivalent arsenicals producing methylated and dimethylated arsenicals, It methylates arsenite to form methylarsonate, Me-AsO(3)H(2), which is reduced by methylarsonate reductase to methylarsonite, Me-As(OH)2, Methylarsonite is also a substrate and it is converted into the much less toxic compound dimethylarsinate (cacodylate), Me(2)As(O)-OH

Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily, Arsenite methyltransferase family


This is Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H protein, from Rat, contains 449 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Nucleus.

This protein is a component of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complexes which provide the substrate for the processing events that pre-mRNAs undergo before becoming functional, translatable mRNAs in the cytoplasm, Mediates pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulation, Inhibits, together with CUGBP1, insulin receptor (IR) pre-mRNA exon 11 inclusion in myoblast, Binds to the IR RNA, Binds poly(RG) (By similarity)


This is Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-8 subunit protein, from Mouse, contains 423 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1C as pore-forming subunit (PubMed:21127204), Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs), Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by slowing their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization and by mediating their resensitization, Does not show subunit-specific AMPA receptor regulation and regulates all AMPAR subunits, Thought to stabilize the calcium channel in an inactivated (closed) state

Belongs to the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family, CACNG subfamily


This is Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit protein, from Rat, contains 275 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Regulates the gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs), Modulates their gating properties by accelerating their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization, Displays subunit-specific AMPA receptor regulation, Shows specificity for GRIA1, GRIA4 and the long isoform of GRIA2, According to PubMed:18817736, shows only specificity for GRIA2 and specifically to the form of GRIA2 for which a single amino acid in the pore region has been edited from a glutamine to an arginine residue, Thought to stabilize the calcium channel in an inactivated (closed) state


This is Isoaspartyl peptidase/L-asparaginase protein, from Rat, contains 333 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Has both L-asparaginase and beta-aspartyl peptidase activity, Is highly active with L-Asp beta-methyl ester, Besides, has catalytic activity toward beta-aspartyl dipeptides and their methyl esters, including beta-L-Asp-L-Phe, beta-L-Asp-L-Phe methyl ester (aspartame), beta-L-Asp-L-Ala, beta-L-Asp-L-Leu and beta-L-Asp-L-Lys, Does not have aspartylglucosaminidase activity and is inactive toward GlcNAc-L-Asn, Likewise, has no activity toward glutamine (By similarity), May be involved in the production of L-aspartate, which can act as an excitatory neurotransmitter in some brain regions


This is Protein MGARP protein, from Mouse, contains 283 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Mitochondrion.

Plays a role in the trafficking of mitochondria along microtubules (PubMed:19325000), Regulates the kinesin-mediated axonal transport of mitochondria to nerve terminals along microtubules during hypoxia (PubMed:19325000), Participates in the translocation of TRAK2/GRIF1 from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrion (PubMed:19325000), Also plays a role in steroidogenesis through maintenance of mitochondrial abundance and morphology (PubMed:19528298), Plays an inhibitory role during neocortex development by regulating mitochondrial morphology, distribution and motility in neocortical neurons (PubMed:24323429)


This is Transcription factor Sp7 protein, from Mouse, contains 428 amino acids, has 3 C2H2-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

Transcriptional activator essential for osteoblast differentiation (PubMed:11792318, PubMed:17510056, PubMed:30026585), Binds to SP1 and EKLF consensus sequences and to other G/C-rich sequences (PubMed:11792318, PubMed:17510056)

Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family


This is Barttin protein, from Mouse, contains 307 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Functions as a beta-subunit for CLCNKA and CLCNKB chloride channels, In the kidney CLCNK/BSND heteromers mediate chloride reabsorption by facilitating its basolateral efflux, In the stria, CLCNK/BSND channels drive potassium secretion by recycling chloride for the basolateral SLC12A2 cotransporter


This is Myocardin protein, from Mouse, contains 935 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Smooth muscle cells (SM) and cardiac muscle cells-specific transcriptional factor which uses the canonical single or multiple CArG boxes DNA sequence, Acts as a cofactor of serum response factor (SRF) with the potential to modulate SRF-target genes, Plays a crucial role in cardiogenesis, urinary bladder development, and differentiation of the smooth muscle cell lineage (myogenesis), Isoform 1 mediates the cardiac transcription factor MEF2C-dependent transcription, Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are more active than isoform 2 and isoform 4 in stimulating cardiac muscle promoters


This is Protein TRANSPARENT TESTA 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 303 amino acids, has 1 C2H2-type Zinc finger, has 1 C2H2-type 2; atypical Zinc finger, has 1 C2H2-type 3; atypical Zinc finger, has 1 C2H2-type 4; atypical Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

C2H2-type 2; atypical

C2H2-type 3; atypical

C2H2-type 4; atypical

May act as a transcriptional regulator involved in the differentiation of young endothelium, Altered differentiation results in incompetence for pigments synthesis and the lack of condensed tannins in the seed coat (PubMed:21477081), Plays a role in the regulatory network controlling flavonoid accumulation in endothelium cells during seed development (PubMed:21477081)

Belongs to the WIP C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family


This is Homogentisate phytyltransferase 1, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 393 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Plastid.

Involved in the synthesis of tocopherol (vitamin E), Catalyzes the condensation of homogentisate and phytyl diphosphate to form dimethylphytylhydrquinone, Low activity with geranylgeranyl diphosphate as substrate, but no activity with farnesyl diphosphate or solanesyl diphosphate, Tocopherol functions to limit lipid oxidation during seed desiccation, quiescence and germination and early seedling development, Protects thylakoid membrane lipids from photooxidation and is required for low-temperature adaptation

Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family


This is Telomere repeat-binding factor 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 300 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Binds preferentially double-stranded telomeric repeats

Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family, SMH subfamily


This is Arabinosyltransferase XEG113 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 644 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.

Plays a role in the arabinosylation of cell wall components, Involved in the arabinosylation of extensin proteins in root hair cells (PubMed:19667208, PubMed:21680836), Extensins are structural glycoproteins present in cell walls and its arabinosylation is important for cell elongation, root hair cell development, lateral root development and root hair tip growth (PubMed:19667208, PubMed:21680836, PubMed:24619997, PubMed:25944827)

Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 77 family


This is Plastid division protein CDP1, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 819 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Plastid.

Component of the plastid division machinery required for PDV1 localization to constriction sites, Involved in chloroplast division site placement (PubMed:28984364, PubMed:23936263), Required for the proper formation of FtsZ rings at the division site in nongreen plastids (e,g, etioplasts) (PubMed:23936263), Inhibits FtsZ assembly, functioning as an antagonistic regulator of FtsZ dynamics against ARC6, by recruiting ARC3 to the middle of the plastid to facilitates its interaction with FtsZ proteins (PubMed:26527658, PubMed:30824505), Required during stromule biogenesis in the leaf epidermis, especially in non-mesophyll cells plastids (PubMed:28984364)


This is Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 8, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 570 amino acids, locates in Plastid.

Involved in strigolactones biosynthesis by cleaving the C(27) 9-cis-10'-apo-beta-carotenal produced by CCD7, Produces the C(19) carlactone and a C(8) hydroxyaldehyde, Also shows lower activity with all-trans-10'-apo-beta-carotenal producing a C(9) dialdehyde and the C(18) 13-apo-beta-carotenone, Strigolactones are hormones that inhibit tillering and shoot branching through the MAX-dependent pathway, contribute to the regulation of shoot architectural response to phosphate-limiting conditions and function as rhizosphere signal that stimulates hyphal branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and trigger seed germination of root parasitic weeds, Also active on other carotenoid substrates like licopene or zeaxanthin

Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family


This is U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 35 kDa protein protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 333 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

May facilitate 5' splice site recognition in the minor spliceosome, May be involved in interactions with components of the major spliceosome bound to the pyrimidine tract of an upstream U2-type intron


This is Protein TRIGALACTOSYLDIACYLGLYCEROL 5, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 91 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Plastid.

Facilitates lipid transfer from the outer to the inner plastid envelope by bridging TGD4 with the TGD1,2,3 transport complex, Required for endoplasmic reticulum-to-plastid lipid trafficking as part of the eukaryotic pathway of thylakoid lipid assembly


This is Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor RS2Z33 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 290 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type

Splicing factor involved in constitutive and/or alternative splicing, Regulates the splicing of its own pre-mRNA and the alternative splicing of RS30, RS31 and RS34, Associates the cyclin-dependent kinase G1 (CDKG1) with the spliceosome and recruits it to U1 snRNP to facilitate splicing

Belongs to the splicing factor SR family, RS2Z subfamily


This is Sm-like protein LSM8 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 98 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of the nuclear LSM2-LSM8 complex which is involved splicing nuclear mRNAs, LSM2-LSM8 binds directly to the U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), LSM8 is essential for the formation of the nuclear LSM2-LSM8 complex involved in the accurate splicing of selected development-related mRNAs through the stabilization of the spliceosomal U6 snRNA (PubMed:32396196), Plays a critical role in the regulation of development-related gene expression


This is Sphinganine C4-monooxygenase 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 260 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Involved in sphingolipid trihydroxy long-chain base (4-hydroxysphinganine) biosynthesis, Can use C18- and C20-sphinganine as substrates to produce C18- and C20-phytosphinganines (D-ribo-2-amino-1,3,4-trihydroxyoctadecane and -eicosane)


This is AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 356 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Nucleus.

Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs), May play a function in the positioning of chromatin fibers within the nucleus


This is Chaperone protein ClpB4, mitochondrial protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 964 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Molecular chaperone that does not seem to be involved in heat stress response or tolerance


This is Adenylate kinase 5, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 588 amino acids, locates in Plastid.

Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP


This is Inorganic phosphate transporter 1-1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 524 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

High-affinity transporter for external inorganic phosphate, Acts as a H(+):phosphate symporter in both low- and high-Pi conditions, Confers sensitivity to arsenate

Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily, phosphate:H(+) symporter (TC 2,A,1,9) family


This is Protein SCO1 homolog 1, mitochondrial protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 334 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Mitochondrion.

Thought to play a role in cellular copper homeostasis, mitochondrial redox signaling or insertion of copper into the active site of COX, Plays an essential role in embryo development


This is Nuclear poly(A) polymerase 4 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 741 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Essential protein (PubMed:19956626), Polymerase that creates the 3'-poly(A) tail of mRNA's (PubMed:15297145), Also required for the endoribonucleolytic cleavage reaction at some polyadenylation sites, May acquire specificity through interaction with a cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) at its C-terminus (By similarity)

Belongs to the poly(A) polymerase family


This is Glutathione hydrolase 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 572 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

May play a role in preventing oxidative stress by metabolizing extracellular oxidized glutathione (GSSG)

Belongs to the gamma-glutamyltransferase family


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ORTHRUS 2 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 645 amino acids, has 1 PHD-type Zinc finger, has 2 RING-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

PHD-type

RING-type

RING-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, Participates in CpG methylation-dependent transcriptional regulation and epigenetic transcriptional silencing, Mediates ubiquitination with the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC11, Promotes methylation-mediated gene silencing leading, for example, to early flowering, Associates with methylated DNA, and can bind to CpG, CpNpG, and CpNpN DNA motifs, with a strong preference for methylated forms, and with highest affinity for CpG substrate, Probably acts at the DNA methylation?histone interface to maintain centromeric heterochromatin


This is Indole-3-pyruvate monooxygenase YUCCA6 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 417 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Involved in auxin biosynthesis via the indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway, Also able to convert in vitro phenyl pyruvate (PPA) to phenyl acetic acid (PAA), Required for the formation of floral organs and vascular tissues, Belongs to the set of redundant YUCCA genes probably responsible for auxin biosynthesis in shoots


This is Polyol transporter 5 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 539 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Plasma membrane broad-spectrum sugar-proton symporter, Mediates the uptake of linear polyols such as sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol or glycerol, Can transport the cyclic polyol myo-inositol and different hexoses, pentoses (including ribose), tetroses and sugar alcohols

Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily, Sugar transporter (TC 2,A,1,1) family


This is Probable 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase, mitochondrial protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 447 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Involved in the biosynthesis of lipid A, a phosphorylated glycolipid that in bacteria anchors the lipopolysaccharide to the outer membrane of the cell, Catalyzes the transfer of two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (Kdo) residues from CMP-Kdo to lipid IV(A), the tetraacyldisaccharide-1,4'-bisphosphate precursor of lipid A, Lipid A-like molecules in plants may serve as structural components of the outer membranes of mitochondria and/or chloroplasts, or may be involved in signal transduction or plant defense responses

Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family, Glycosyltransferase 30 subfamily


This is Glyoxysomal processing protease, glyoxysomal protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 709 amino acids, locates in Peroxisome.

Trypsin-like serine endopeptidase involved in the processing of glyoxysomal higher molecular weight precursor, The dimeric form carries out the specific cleavages needed to remove PTS2-containing presequences, whereas the monomeric form degrades the removed presequences and misfolded proteins (Probable), Not required for degradation of glyoxylate cycle enzymes during seedling development


This is Acetate/butyrate--CoA ligase AAE7, peroxisomal protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 569 amino acids, locates in Peroxisome.

Peroxisomal acetate/butyrate--CoA ligase that is probably involved in the activation of exogenous acetate for entry into the glyoxylate cycle, May play a role to prevent carbon loss from peroxisomes during lipid mobilization, In vitro, is active with both acetate and butyrate

Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family


This is Sialyltransferase-like protein 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 474 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.

Required for normal pollen grain germination and pollen tube growth, May not be required for pollen development and female gametophytic function

Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 29 family


This is Inositol transporter 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 509 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Lysosome/Vacuole.

Vacuolar inositol-proton symporter involved in the release of myo-inositol from vacuoles, Not involved in glucose or fructose transport


This is Peroxisomal adenine nucleotide carrier 2 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 321 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Peroxisome.

Peroxisomal adenine nucleotide transporter catalyzing the counterexchange of ATP with AMP, ATP is needed by reactions that generate acyl-CoA for peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation during postgerminative growth, Required for the beta-oxidation reactions involved in auxin biosynthesis and for the conversion of seed-reserved triacylglycerols into sucrose that is necessary for growth before the onset of photosynthesis

Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2,A,29) family


This is Protein FIZZY-RELATED 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 475 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Activator protein that regulates the ubiquitin ligase activity and substrate specificity of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), Required for meristem organization and maintenance of quiescent center identity and stem cells

Belongs to the WD repeat CDC20/Fizzy family


This is Protein PLASTID TRANSCRIPTIONALLY ACTIVE 7 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 161 amino acids, locates in Plastid.

Essential for chloroplast development, especially for thylakoid formation, Involved in plastid gene expression, probably by maintaining plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) activity


This is Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 411 amino acids, locates in Cytoplasm.

Involved in the packaging of pre-mRNA into hnRNP particles, transport of poly(A) mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and may modulate splice site selection


This is Folylpolyglutamate synthase protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 492 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Catalyzes conversion of folates to polyglutamate derivatives allowing concentration of folate compounds in the cell and the intracellular retention of these cofactors, which are important substrates for most of the folate-dependent enzymes that are involved in one-carbon transfer reactions involved in purine, pyrimidine and amino acid synthesis, Essential for organellar and whole-plant folate homeostasis

Belongs to the folylpolyglutamate synthase family


This is F-box/LRR-repeat protein 17 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 593 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Essential protein for male fertility, Component of the SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex SCF(FBL17), which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins, Enables the switch in cell cycle control leading to male germ cell lineage formation from microspores after meiosis, Targets CDKA-1 inhibitors the degradation specifically in male germ cells (e,g, KRP6 and KRP7) and thus enables CDKA-1 activation and germ cell S-phase progression, Promotes twin sperm cell production and double fertilization


This is Suppressor of mec-8 and unc-52 protein homolog 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 511 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Auxiliary spliceosomal protein involved in splicing of specific pre-mRNAs that affect multiple aspects of development, Required for proper accumulation of SMU2


This is Transcription factor HY5-like protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 149 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Transcription factor that promotes photomorphogenesis in light, Acts downstream of the light receptor network and directly affects transcription of light-induced genes, Specifically involved in the blue light specific pathway, suggesting that it participates in transmission of cryptochromes (CRY1 and CRY2) signals to downstream responses, In darkness, its degradation prevents the activation of light-induced genes


This is Cyclic dof factor 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 298 amino acids, has 1 Dof-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

Dof-type

Transcription factor that binds specifically to a 5'-AA[AG]G-3' consensus core sequence, A flanking TGT sequence contributes to the specificity of binding, Regulates a photoperiodic flowering response, Transcriptional repressor of 'CONSTANS' expression, The DNA-binding ability is not modulated by 'GIGANTEA' but the stability of CDF1 is controlled by the proteasome-dependent pathway, Ubiquitinated by the SCF(ADO3) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, Binds to the FT promoter in the morning


This is Digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase 2, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 473 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Plastid.

Involved in the synthesis of diacylglycerol galactolipids that are specifically found in thylakoid membranes, Specific for alpha-glycosidic linkages (PubMed:11696551, PubMed:14600212), During phosphate shortage, involved in the biosynthesis of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) which rescues the limitation of phospholipids (Probable)

Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family, Glycosyltransferase 4 subfamily


This is Transcriptional corepressor SEUSS protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 877 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Nucleus.

DNA-binding adapter subunit of the SEU-LUG transcriptional corepressor of the C class floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS during the early stages of floral meristem development, Is part of the A class cadastral complex that define the boundaries between the A and C class homeotic genes expression and function, Interacts together with APETALA2 and LEUNIG to repress AGAMOUS expression, In association with LUG, regulates petal shape through AGAMOUS-independent mechanisms, Controls cell division during petal development and enable the proper patterning of petal blade vasculature, Required for the proper elaboration of petal polarity along the adaxial/abaxial axis, May act through direct or indirect regulation of PHABULOSA and YAB1 and thus regulate cellular proliferation within the developing petal blade, In association with AINTEGUMENTA (ANT), coordinates patterning cues and cellular proliferation along the three positional axes of the developing gynoecium, Required for the development of the medial ridge and subsequent ovule initiation


This is NADPH:adrenodoxin oxidoreductase, mitochondrial protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 483 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Associates in vitro with the adrenodoxin-like protein MFDX1 to form an efficient low potential electron transfer chain that is able to reduce cytochrome C (PubMed:12714594, PubMed:13677469), Functions as accessory mitochondrial protein involved with BIO2 in the plant biotin synthase reaction (PubMed:12714594)

Belongs to the ferredoxin--NADP reductase type 1 family


This is Ferredoxin--NADP reductase, leaf isozyme 2, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 369 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Plastid.

Plays a key role in regulating the relative amounts of cyclic and non-cyclic electron flow to meet the demands of the plant for ATP and reducing power


This is DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase 47, mitochondrial protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 551 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Essential protein required during embryogenesis, Required for mitochondrial metabolism, Necessary for normal plasmodesmata (PD) development and aperture regulation


This is V-type proton ATPase subunit B3 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 487 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Lysosome/Vacuole.

Non-catalytic subunit of the peripheral V1 complex of vacuolar ATPase, V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells

Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family


This is GTP-binding protein BRASSINAZOLE INSENSITIVE PALE GREEN 2, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 660 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Plastid.

Required for brassinosteroid- (BR) mediated post-transcriptional and translational regulation in the chloroplast, including accumulation of chloroplast rRNA (PubMed:19919572), Involved in chloroplast differentiation (PubMed:19919572, PubMed:22526496)

Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family


This is Calcium-dependent protein kinase 13 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 528 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

May play a role in signal transduction pathways that involve calcium as a second messenger

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, Ser/Thr protein kinase family, CDPK subfamily


This is Sulfhydryl oxidase 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 528 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Sulfhydryl oxidase involved in the regulation of cation homeostasis, Positively regulates shoot accumulation of K(+) and inhibits accumulation of toxic cations, Acts at the level of root K(+) efflux systems involved in xylem loading (root symplast-xylem interface)


This is Protein TIFY 7 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 267 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Repressor of jasmonate responses, Jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) specifically promotes COI1-TIFY7/JAZ9 interaction (PubMed:19151223), Interacts with and suppresses RHD6 and RSL1 transcription factor activities to negatively regulate jasmonate-stimulated root hair development (PubMed:31988260)


This is Disease resistance protein RPP8 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 908 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Disease resistance protein, Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via an indirect interaction with this avirulence protein, That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth, The interaction with TIP (TCV-interacting protein) may be essential for the recognition of the avirulence proteins, and the triggering of the defense response, Triggers resistance to turnip crinkle virus (TCV) via a SAG101-dependent pathway

Belongs to the disease resistance NB-LRR family, RPP8/HRT subfamily


This is B3 domain-containing transcription repressor VAL1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 790 amino acids, has 1 CW-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

CW-type

Transcriptional repressor of gene expression involved in embryonic pathways, such as LEC1, ABI3, and FUS3, Repressor of the sugar-inducible genes involved in the seed maturation program in seedlings, Plays an essential role in regulating the transition from seed maturation to seedling growth, Functionally redundant with VAL2/HSL1


This is V-type proton ATPase subunit a3 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 821 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Lysosome/Vacuole.

Essential component of the vacuolar proton pump (V-ATPase), a multimeric enzyme that catalyzes the translocation of protons across the membranes, Required for assembly and activity of the V-ATPase, Involved in vacuolar nutrient storage (e,g, accumulation and storage of nitrate) and in tolerance to some toxic ions (e,g, zinc ions sequestration in vacuoles)

Belongs to the V-ATPase 116 kDa subunit family


This is ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease FTSH 8, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 685 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Plastid.

Part of a complex that function as an ATP-dependent zinc metallopeptidase, Involved in the thylakoid formation and in the removal of damaged D1 in the photosystem II, preventing cell death under high-intensity light conditions

In the C-terminal section; belongs to the peptidase M41 family


This is Probable lactoylglutathione lyase, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 350 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Plastid.

Catalyzes the conversion of hemimercaptal, formed from methylglyoxal and glutathione, to S-lactoylglutathione


This is Phospholipase SGR2 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 933 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Lysosome/Vacuole.

Involved in vacuolar formation or function (e,g, formation of vacuolar membrane 'bulbs'), Required for amyloplast sedimentation in the endodermis during shoot gravitropism, which are thus acting as statoliths, Particularly important for the negative gravitropism leading to leaf movement observed in darkness


This is High affinity copper uptake protein 1 protein, from Pig, contains 189 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Mobilizes copper(1+) out of the endosomal compartment, making copper(1+) available for export out of the cells

Belongs to the copper transporter (Ctr) (TC 1,A,56) family, SLC31A subfamily


This is Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 4 protein, from Pig, contains 279 amino acids, locates in Peroxisome.

NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase which catalyzes the reduction of a variety of compounds bearing carbonyl groups including ketosteroids, alpha-dicarbonyl compounds, aldehydes, aromatic ketones and quinones (PubMed:12604222, PubMed:19056333), Reduces all-trans-retinal and 9-cis retinal (Probable), Reduces 3-ketosteroids and benzil into 3alpha-hydroxysteroids and S-benzoin, respectively, in contrast to the stereoselectivity of primates DHRS4s which produce 3beta-hydroxysteroids and R-benzoin (PubMed:19056333), In the reverse reaction, catalyzes the NADP-dependent oxidation of 3alpha-hydroxysteroids and alcohol, but with much lower efficiency (PubMed:19056333), Involved in the metabolism of 3alpha-hydroxysteroids, retinoid, isatin and xenobiotic carbonyl compounds (PubMed:12604222, PubMed:19056333)

Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family


This is Casein kinase I gamma protein, from Caenorhabditis elegans, contains 407 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Involved in the asymmetric cell division of the embryo downstream of par-2 and par-3 by regulating the asymmetric cortical distribution of pkk-1, a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-producing enzyme, which in turn regulates the asymmetrical distribution of grp-1, grp-2 and lin-5

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, CK1 Ser/Thr protein kinase family, Casein kinase I subfamily


This is Cardioactive peptide protein, from Tobacco hawkmoth, contains 125 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Cardioregulatory neurohormone that increases heart beat rate during adult wing inflation; has no effect on beat amplitude, The effect of CCAP is both ino- and chronotropic


This is Zinc finger protein 473 protein, from Human, contains 871 amino acids, has 18 C2H2-type Zinc finger, has 1 C2H2-type 2; degenerate Zinc finger, has 1 C2H2-type 6; degenerate Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

C2H2-type 2; degenerate

C2H2-type 6; degenerate

Involved in histone 3'-end pre-mRNA processing by associating with U7 snRNP and interacting with SLBP/pre-mRNA complex, Increases histone 3'-end pre-mRNA processing but has no effect on U7 snRNP levels, when overexpressed, Required for cell cycle progression from G1 to S phases

Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family


This is Glycine N-acyltransferase-like protein 2 protein, from Human, contains 294 amino acids, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Mitochondrial acyltransferase which transfers the acyl group to the N-terminus of glycine (PubMed:22475485, PubMed:20305126), Conjugates numerous substrates, such as arachidonoyl-CoA and saturated medium and long-chain acyl-CoAs ranging from chain-length C8:0-CoA to C18:0-CoA, to form a variety of N-acylglycines, Shows a preference for monounsaturated fatty acid oleoyl-CoA (C18:1-CoA) as an acyl donor, Does not exhibit any activity toward C22:6-CoA and chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA, nor toward serine or alanine (PubMed:20305126)

Belongs to the glycine N-acyltransferase family


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF139 protein, from Human, contains 664 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; atypical Zinc finger, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

RING-type; atypical

E3-ubiquitin ligase; acts as a negative regulator of cell proliferation through mechanisms involving G2/M arrest and cell death (PubMed:10500182, PubMed:12032852, PubMed:17016439), Required for MHC class I ubiquitination in cells expressing the cytomegalovirus protein US2 before dislocation from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (PubMed:19720873), Affects SREBP processing by hindering the SREBP-SCAP complex translocation from the ER to the Golgi, thereby reducing SREBF2 target gene expression (PubMed:19706601, PubMed:20068067), Involved in the sterol-accelerated degradation of HMGCR (PubMed:22143767, PubMed:23223569), This is achieved through binding of RNF139 to INSIG1 and/or INSIG2 at the ER membrane (PubMed:22143767), In addition, interaction of RNF139 with AUP1 facilitates interaction of RNF139 with ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2G2 and ubiquitin ligase AMFR, leading to ubiquitination of HMGCR (PubMed:23223569), The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER into the cytosol for subsequent destruction (PubMed:22143767, PubMed:23223569), Required for INSIG1 ubiquitination (PubMed:20068067), May be required for EIF3 complex ubiquitination (PubMed:20068067)


This is Cholinephosphotransferase 1 protein, from Human, contains 406 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.

Catalyzes phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis from CDP-choline, It thereby plays a central role in the formation and maintenance of vesicular membranes

Belongs to the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase class-I family


This is Transmembrane protein 174 protein, from Human, contains 243 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Regulator of plasma phosphate homeostasis, Decreases serum inorganic phosphate (Pi) uptake by regulating the sodium-phosphate cotransporter SLC34A1 trafficking by PTH and FGF23 in the kidney


This is Chromosome transmission fidelity protein 18 homolog protein, from Human, contains 975 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Chromosome cohesion factor involved in sister chromatid cohesion and fidelity of chromosome transmission, Component of one of the cell nuclear antigen loader complexes, CTF18-replication factor C (CTF18-RFC), which consists of CTF18, CTF8, DCC1, RFC2, RFC3, RFC4 and RFC5, The CTF18-RFC complex binds to single-stranded and primed DNAs and has weak ATPase activity that is stimulated by the presence of primed DNA, replication protein A (RPA) and by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), The CTF18-RFC complex catalyzes the ATP-dependent loading of PCNA onto primed and gapped DNA, Interacts with and stimulates DNA polymerase POLH, During DNA repair synthesis, involved in loading DNA polymerase POLE at the sites of local damage (PubMed:20227374)

Belongs to the activator 1 small subunits family, CTF18 subfamily


This is RNA polymerase-associated protein LEO1 protein, from Human, contains 666 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which has multiple functions during transcription by RNA polymerase II and is implicated in regulation of development and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency, PAF1C associates with RNA polymerase II through interaction with POLR2A CTD non-phosphorylated and 'Ser-2'- and 'Ser-5'-phosphorylated forms and is involved in transcriptional elongation, acting both independently and synergistically with TCEA1 and in cooperation with the DSIF complex and HTATSF1, PAF1C is required for transcription of Hox and Wnt target genes, PAF1C is involved in hematopoiesis and stimulates transcriptional activity of KMT2A/MLL1; it promotes leukemogenesis through association with KMT2A/MLL1-rearranged oncoproteins, such as KMT2A/MLL1-MLLT3/AF9 and KMT2A/MLL1-MLLT1/ENL, PAF1C is involved in histone modifications such as ubiquitination of histone H2B and methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3), PAF1C recruits the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex and the E2 enzyme UBE2A or UBE2B to chromatin which mediate monoubiquitination of 'Lys-120' of histone H2B (H2BK120ub1); UB2A/B-mediated H2B ubiquitination is proposed to be coupled to transcription, PAF1C is involved in mRNA 3' end formation probably through association with cleavage and poly(A) factors, In case of infection by influenza A strain H3N2, PAF1C associates with viral NS1 protein, thereby regulating gene transcription, Involved in polyadenylation of mRNA precursors, Connects PAF1C to Wnt signaling


This is Dimethyladenosine transferase 1, mitochondrial protein, from Human, contains 346 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase which specifically dimethylates mitochondrial 12S rRNA at the conserved stem loop, Also required for basal transcription of mitochondrial DNA, probably via its interaction with POLRMT and TFAM, Stimulates transcription independently of the methyltransferase activity

Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily, rRNA adenine N(6)-methyltransferase family, KsgA subfamily


This is Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 Q2 protein, from Human, contains 375 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins, In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination

Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family


This is Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 1 protein, from Human, contains 318 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Dephosphorylates 26S nuclear proteasomes, thereby decreasing their proteolytic activity (PubMed:21949367, PubMed:28539385), Recruited to the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome through its interaction with 19S component PSMD2/RPN1 (PubMed:28539385), Once recruited, dephosphorylates 19S component PSMC2/RPT1 which impairs PSMC2 ATPase activity and disrupts 26S proteasome assembly (PubMed:28539385), Has also been reported to stimulate the proteolytic activity of the 26S proteasome (PubMed:32071216)


This is Glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein protein, from Human, contains 406 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Lysosome/Vacuole.

Required to protect lysosomal transporter MFSD1 from lysosomal proteolysis and for MFSD1 lysosomal localization


This is Na(+)/dicarboxylate cotransporter 3 protein, from Human, contains 602 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

High-affinity sodium-dicarboxylate cotransporter that accepts a range of substrates with 4-6 carbon atoms, such as the citric acid cycle intermediates succinate and alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate), as well as other compounds including N-acetyl-L-aspartate (PubMed:10794676, PubMed:10992006, PubMed:15561973, PubMed:17426067, PubMed:17356845, PubMed:24247155, PubMed:30635937), Transports the dicarboxylate into the cell with a probable stoichiometry of 3 Na(+) for 1 divalent dicarboxylate, rendering the process electrogenic (PubMed:10794676, PubMed:10992006), Can transport citrate in a Na(+)-dependent manner, recognizing the divalent form of citrate rather than the trivalent form which is normally found in blood (PubMed:10794676)

Belongs to the SLC13A/DASS transporter (TC 2,A,47) family, NADC subfamily


This is Reticulon-4-interacting protein 1, mitochondrial protein, from Human, contains 396 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Plays a role in the regulation of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) neurite outgrowth, and hence in the development of the inner retina and optic nerve, Appears to be a potent inhibitor of regeneration following spinal cord injury

Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family, Quinone oxidoreductase subfamily


This is Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 3-like 1 protein, from Human, contains 194 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.


This is Negative elongation factor B protein, from Human, contains 580 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

(Microbial infection) The NELF complex is involved in HIV-1 latency possibly involving recruitment of PCF11 to paused RNA polymerase II (PubMed:23884411), In vitro, binds weakly to the HIV-1 TAR RNA which is located in the long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 (PubMed:23884411)


This is 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C protein, from Human, contains 447 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

This is one of the several different receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen, This receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel, which when activated causes fast, depolarizing responses, It is a cation-specific, but otherwise relatively nonselective, ion channel

Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1,A,9) family, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (TC 1,A,9,2) subfamily, HTR3C sub-subfamily


This is Protein N-lysine methyltransferase METTL21A protein, from Human, contains 218 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Protein-lysine methyltransferase that selectively trimethylates residues in heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family members, Contributes to the in vivo trimethylation of Lys residues in HSPA1 and HSPA8, In vitro methylates 'Lys-561' in HSPA1, 'Lys-564' in HSPA2, 'Lys-585' in HSPA5, 'Lys-563' in HSPA6 and 'Lys-561' in HSPA8

Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily, METTL21 family


This is Pyrin domain-containing protein 1 protein, from Human, contains 89 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Associates with PYCARD/ASC and modulates its ability to collaborate with MEFV/pyrin and NLRP3/cryopyrin in NF-kappa-B and pro-caspase-1 activation, Suppresses kinase activity of NF-kappa-B inhibitor kinase (IKK) complex, expression of NF-kappa-B inducible genes and inhibits NF-kappa-B activation by cytokines and LPS


This is ATR-interacting protein protein, from Human, contains 791 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Required for checkpoint signaling after DNA damage, Required for ATR expression, possibly by stabilizing the protein


This is Transcriptional repressor p66-beta protein, from Human, contains 593 amino acids, has 1 GATA-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

GATA-type

Transcriptional repressor (PubMed:12183469, PubMed:16415179), Acts as a component of the histone deacetylase NuRD complex which participates in the remodeling of chromatin (PubMed:16428440, PubMed:28977666), Enhances MBD2-mediated repression (PubMed:12183469, PubMed:16415179), Efficient repression requires the presence of GATAD2A (PubMed:16415179), Targets MBD3 to discrete loci in the nucleus (PubMed:11756549), May play a role in synapse development (PubMed:23644463)


This is Basic helix-loop-helix ARNT-like protein 2 protein, from Human, contains 636 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Transcriptional activator which forms a core component of the circadian clock, The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior, It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function, Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system, Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'), The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN, The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle, Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day, Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, BMAL1, BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle), A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a period shorter and longer than 24 hours, respectively, Disruptions in the circadian rhythms contribute to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic syndromes and aging, A transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) forms the core of the molecular circadian clock mechanism, Transcription factors, CLOCK or NPAS2 and BMAL1 or BMAL2, form the positive limb of the feedback loop, act in the form of a heterodimer and activate the transcription of core clock genes and clock-controlled genes (involved in key metabolic processes), harboring E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') within their promoters, The core clock genes: PER1/2/3 and CRY1/2 which are transcriptional repressors form the negative limb of the feedback loop and interact with the CLOCK|NPAS2-BMAL1|BMAL2 heterodimer inhibiting its activity and thereby negatively regulating their own expression, This heterodimer also activates nuclear receptors NR1D1/2 and RORA/B/G, which form a second feedback loop and which activate and repress BMAL1 transcription, respectively, The CLOCK-BMAL2 heterodimer activates the transcription of SERPINE1/PAI1 and BHLHE40/DEC1


This is Acetyl-coenzyme A thioesterase protein, from Human, contains 555 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Catalyzes the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs into free fatty acids and coenzyme A (CoASH), regulating their respective intracellular levels (PubMed:16951743), Preferentially hydrolyzes acetyl-CoA (PubMed:16951743)


This is Microprocessor complex subunit DGCR8 protein, from Human, contains 773 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of the microprocessor complex that acts as a RNA- and heme-binding protein that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus, Within the microprocessor complex, DGCR8 function as a molecular anchor necessary for the recognition of pri-miRNA at dsRNA-ssRNA junction and directs DROSHA to cleave 11 bp away form the junction to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs that are subsequently cut by the cytoplasmic DICER to generate mature miRNAs (PubMed:26027739, PubMed:26748718), The heme-bound DGCR8 dimer binds pri-miRNAs as a cooperative trimer (of dimers) and is active in triggering pri-miRNA cleavage, whereas the heme-free DGCR8 monomer binds pri-miRNAs as a dimer and is much less active, Both double-stranded and single-stranded regions of a pri-miRNA are required for its binding (PubMed:15531877, PubMed:15574589, PubMed:15589161, PubMed:16751099, PubMed:16906129, PubMed:16963499, PubMed:17159994), Specifically recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing pri-miRNAs, a modification required for pri-miRNAs processing (PubMed:25799998), Involved in the silencing of embryonic stem cell self-renewal (By similarity)


This is BTB/POZ domain-containing adapter for CUL3-mediated RhoA degradation protein 1 protein, from Human, contains 329 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex required for synaptic transmission (PubMed:19782033), The BCR(KCTD13) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex mediates the ubiquitination of RHOA, leading to its degradation by the proteasome (PubMed:19782033) Degradation of RHOA regulates the actin cytoskeleton and promotes synaptic transmission (By similarity)


This is 1,4-beta-D-glucan cellobiohydrolase xynA protein, from Fruitlet core rot fungus, contains 529 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

The biological conversion of cellulose to glucose generally requires three types of hydrolytic enzymes: (1) Endoglucanases which cut internal beta-1,4-glucosidic bonds; (2) Exocellobiohydrolases that cut the disaccharide cellobiose from the non-reducing end of the cellulose polymer chain; (3) Beta-1,4-glucosidases which hydrolyze the cellobiose and other short cello-oligosaccharides to glucose

Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 7 (cellulase C) family


This is C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase, cytoplasmic protein, from Fission yeast, contains 937 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

In the C-terminal section; belongs to the formate--tetrahydrofolate ligase family


This is Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase 1, mitochondrial protein, from Yeast, contains 386 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (fatty acid synthesis type II), Fatty acid chain elongation in mitochondria uses acyl carrier protein (ACP) as an acyl group carrier, but the enzyme accepts both ACP and CoA thioesters as substrates in vitro, Required for respiration and the maintenance of the mitochondrial compartment


This is Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like VAP2B protein, from Western diamondback rattlesnake, contains 609 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Disintegrin catrocollastatin-C: Abolishes platelet aggregation induced by collagen (IC(50)=66 nM) but not ADP-stimulated platelet aggregation, This inhibition may be due to its ability to bind collagen and block the binding site on collagen for platelets and/or to its ability to bind to the platelet alpha-2/beta-1 collagen receptor (ITGA2/ITGB1) to block its interaction with collagen and hence prevent platelet stimulation

Belongs to the venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family, P-III subfamily, P-IIIb sub-subfamily


This is Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like ecarin protein, from Saw-scaled viper, contains 616 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Snake venom zinc metalloproteinase that catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin (F2) to alpha-thrombin through formation of a thrombin intermediate, Has a low Km for prothrombin and a high kcat, Cleaves the 320-Arg-Ile-321 bond in prothrombin and produces meizothrombin which is ultimately converted to alpha-thrombin by autolysis

Belongs to the venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family, P-III subfamily, P-IIIa sub-subfamily


This is Lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor protein, from Chicken, contains 728 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Receptor for lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone, The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family, FSH/LSH/TSH subfamily


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF13 protein, from Chicken, contains 381 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; atypical Zinc finger, is membrane-bound, locates in Nucleus.

RING-type; atypical

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates cell proliferation (PubMed:20015074), Involved in apoptosis regulation, Mediates ER stress-induced activation of JNK signaling pathway and apoptosis by promoting ERN1 activation and splicing of XBP1 mRNA (By similarity)


This is Lactose-binding lectin l-2 protein, from Japanese eel, contains 166 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Involved in host defense at the body surface, Causes agglutination and suppresses the growth of the Gram-negative bacterium E,coli K12, Possesses calcium-independent hemagglutinating activity


This is Bradykinin potentiating and C-type natriuretic peptides protein, from South American rattlesnake, contains 181 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Snake venom natriuretic peptide that exhibits hypotensive and vasodepressor activity, Acts by activating natriuretic receptors (NPR1 and/or NPR2 and/or NPR3) (By similarity)

In the C-terminal section; belongs to the natriuretic peptide family


This is Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like HV1 protein, from Habu, contains 612 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Snake venom zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like that potently activates prothrombin (F2), Does not elicit any hemorrhagic response, Barely inhibits collagen-induced platelet aggregation, Hydrolyzes the alpha-chain of fibrin and fibrinogen (FGA), without affecting the Bbeta- and gamma-chains (By similarity), Induces apoptosis in cultured vascular endothelial cells

Belongs to the venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family, P-III subfamily, P-IIIc sub-subfamily


This is Thrombin-like enzyme calobin-1 protein, from Ussuri mamushi, contains 262 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Thrombin-like snake venom serine protease, Has a coagulant activity, Acts on alpha-chains of fibrinogen (FGA) generating fibrinopeptide A

Belongs to the peptidase S1 family, Snake venom subfamily


This is Snake venom metalloproteinase atroxase protein, from Western diamondback rattlesnake, contains 203 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Snake venom zinc metalloprotease that has Aalpha, Bbeta fibrin(ogen)olytic activities, It cleaves the Aalpha chain of fibrinogen first followed by the Bbeta chain and shows no effect on the gamma chain, Does not induce or inhibit platelet aggregation, and is unable to activate plasminogen, Exhibits low lethality when tested on mice, Intravenous administration results in thrombolysis within one hour followed by recanalization, Fibrinogenolytic activity results in a 60% decrease in the rat's plasma fibrinogen level, Histological examination of kidney, liver, heart and lung tissue shows no necrosis nor hemorrhage

Belongs to the venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family, P-I subfamily


This is Venom plasminogen activator TSV-PA protein, from Chinese green tree viper, contains 258 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Snake venom serine protease that activates plasminogen


This is Kinesin-like protein KIF2A protein, from African clawed frog, contains 682 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Plus end-directed microtubule-dependent motor, May regulate microtubule dynamics during axonal growth (By similarity), Required for normal progression through mitosis, Required for normal congress of chromosomes at the metaphase plate, Required for normal spindle dynamics during mitosis, Promotes spindle turnover, Implicated in formation of bipolar mitotic spindles Has microtubule depolymerization activity

Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily, Kinesin family, MCAK/KIF2 subfamily


This is Dual specificity protein phosphatase 1-A protein, from African clawed frog, contains 369 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Dual specificity phosphatase that dephosphorylates MAP kinase MAPK1/ERK2 on both 'Thr-188' and 'Tyr-190', regulating its activity during the meiotic cell cycle

Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family, Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily


This is Homeobox expressed in ES cells 1-B protein, from African clawed frog, contains 187 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Regulates the earliest stages of development of the anterior neural plate, Plays a role in forebrain development by inhibiting the expression of otx2 and pax6 in the rostral region of the anterior neural plate, Necessary for both neural differentiation and neural patterning, Controls Spemann organizer development, May act as a transcriptional repressor


This is ELAV-like protein 2 protein, from African clawed frog, contains 389 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Binds to poly-U elements and AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-UTR of target mRNAs, Required for the vegetal localization of vg1 mRNA, Probably required for nervous system development


This is Lysophospholipid acyltransferase 5 protein, from Mouse, contains 487 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Lysophospholipid O-acyltransferase (LPLAT) that catalyzes the reacylation step of the phospholipid remodeling process also known as the Lands cycle (PubMed:18287005, PubMed:25898003), Catalyzes transfer of the fatty acyl chain from fatty acyl-CoA to 1-acyl lysophospholipid to form various classes of phospholipids, Converts 1-acyl lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) into phosphatidylcholine (PC) (LPCAT activity), 1-acyl lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) into phosphatidylserine (PS) (LPSAT activity) and 1-acyl lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) into phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (LPEAT activity), Favors polyunsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs as acyl donors compared to saturated fatty acyl-CoAs (PubMed:18287005, PubMed:25898003), Has higher activity for LPC acyl acceptors compared to LPEs and LPSs (PubMed:18287005), Can also transfer the fatty acyl chain from fatty acyl-CoA to 1-O-alkyl lysophospholipid or 1-O-alkenyl lysophospholipid with lower efficiency (PubMed:18287005), Acts as a major LPC O-acyltransferase in liver and intestine (PubMed:25898003, PubMed:26833026), As a component of the liver X receptor/NR1H3 or NR1H2 signaling pathway, mainly catalyzes the incorporation of arachidonate into PCs of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes, increasing membrane dynamics and enabling triacylglycerols transfer to nascent very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles (PubMed:25806685), Promotes processing of sterol regulatory protein SREBF1 in hepatocytes, likely by facilitating the translocation of SREBF1-SCAP complex from ER to the Golgi apparatus (PubMed:28846071), Participates in mechanisms by which the liver X receptor/NR1H3 or NR1H2 signaling pathway counteracts lipid-induced ER stress response and inflammation (PubMed:24206663), Down-regulates hepatic inflammation by limiting arachidonic acid availability for synthesis of inflammatory eicosanoids, such as prostaglandins (PubMed:24206663), In enterocytes, acts as a component of a gut-brain feedback loop that coordinates dietary lipid absorption and food intake, Regulates the abundance of PCs containing linoleate and arachidonate in enterocyte membranes, enabling passive diffusion of fatty acids and cholesterol across the membrane for efficient chylomicron assembly (PubMed:26833026), In the intestinal crypt, acts as a component of dietary-responsive phospholipid-cholesterol axis, regulating the biosynthesis of cholesterol and its mitogenic effects on intestinal stem cells (PubMed:29395055)

Belongs to the membrane-bound acyltransferase family


This is Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase ACSM1, mitochondrial protein, from Mouse, contains 573 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Mitochondrion.

Catalyzes the activation of fatty acids by CoA to produce an acyl-CoA, the first step in fatty acid metabolism (PubMed:11470804, PubMed:12709059), Capable of activating medium-chain fatty acids (e,g, butyric (C4) to decanoic (C10) acids), and certain carboxylate-containing xenobiotics, e,g, benzoate (PubMed:11470804, PubMed:12709059), Also catalyzes the activation of lipoate to lipoyl-nucleoside monophosphate (By similarity), Activates lipoate with GTP at a 1000-fold higher rate than with ATP and activates both (R)- and (S)-lipoate to the respective lipoyl-GMP, with a preference for (R)-lipoate (By similarity)

Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family


This is Adiponectin receptor protein 1 protein, from Mouse, contains 375 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Receptor for ADIPOQ, an essential hormone secreted by adipocytes that regulates glucose and lipid metabolism (PubMed:17327425, PubMed:17268472, PubMed:24742672), Required for normal glucose and fat homeostasis and for maintaining a normal body weight (PubMed:17327425, PubMed:24742672), ADIPOQ-binding activates a signaling cascade that leads to increased AMPK activity, and ultimately to increased fatty acid oxidation, increased glucose uptake and decreased gluconeogenesis (PubMed:12802337, PubMed:17327425, PubMed:17268472, PubMed:24742672), Has high affinity for globular adiponectin and low affinity for full-length adiponectin (PubMed:12802337)


This is Caveolae-associated protein 3 protein, from Mouse, contains 260 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Regulates the traffic and/or budding of caveolae (By similarity), Plays a role in caveola formation in a tissue-specific manner, Required for the formation of caveolae in smooth muscle but not in the lung and heart endothelial cells (PubMed:28285351, PubMed:23652019), Regulates the equilibrium between cell surface-associated and cell surface-dissociated caveolae by promoting the rapid release of caveolae from the cell surface (PubMed:25588833), Plays a role in the regulation of the circadian clock, Modulates the period length and phase of circadian gene expression and also regulates expression and interaction of the core clock components PER1/2 and CRY1/2 (PubMed:23079727)


This is Polyglutamine-binding protein 1 protein, from Mouse, contains 263 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Intrinsically disordered protein that acts as a scaffold, and which is involved in different processes, such as pre-mRNA splicing, transcription regulation, innate immunity and neuron development (By similarity), Interacts with splicing-related factors via the intrinsically disordered region and regulates alternative splicing of target pre-mRNA species (PubMed:23512658), May suppress the ability of POU3F2 to transactivate the DRD1 gene in a POU3F2 dependent manner (By similarity), Can activate transcription directly or via association with the transcription machinery (By similarity), May be involved in ATXN1 mutant-induced cell death (By similarity), The interaction with ATXN1 mutant reduces levels of phosphorylated RNA polymerase II large subunit (By similarity), Involved in the assembly of cytoplasmic stress granule, possibly by participating in the transport of neuronal RNA granules (By similarity), Also acts as an innate immune sensor of infection by retroviruses, by detecting the presence of reverse-transcribed DNA in the cytosol (By similarity), Directly binds retroviral reverse-transcribed DNA in the cytosol and interacts with CGAS, leading to activate the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, triggering type-I interferon production (By similarity)


This is Zinc finger protein 24 protein, from Mouse, contains 368 amino acids, has 4 C2H2-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

Transcription factor required for myelination of differentiated oligodendrocytes, Required for the conversion of oligodendrocytes from the premyelinating to the myelinating state, In the developing central nervous system (CNS), involved in the maintenance in the progenitor stage by promoting the cell cycle, Specifically binds to the 5'-TCAT-3' DNA sequence, Has transcription repressor activity in vitro

Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family


This is Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 5 protein, from Mouse, contains 417 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Protein disulfide isomerase of the endoplasmic reticulum lumen involved in the formation of disulfide bonds in proteins (PubMed:12930873, PubMed:14971039), Can reduce insulin disulfide bonds (PubMed:14971039)

Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family


This is Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6 protein, from Mouse, contains 767 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Calcium selective cation channel that mediates Ca(2+) uptake in various tissues, including the intestine (PubMed:12765696, PubMed:12601087, PubMed:12574114, PubMed:14736889, PubMed:15123711, PubMed:17129178), Important for normal Ca(2+) ion homeostasis in the body, including bone and skin (PubMed:17129178, PubMed:22878123), The channel is activated by low internal calcium level, probably including intracellular calcium store depletion, and the current exhibits an inward rectification, Inactivation includes both a rapid Ca(2+)-dependent and a slower Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent mechanism; the latter may be regulated by phosphorylation (PubMed:15123711), In vitro, is slowly inhibited by Mg(2+) in a voltage-independent manner (PubMed:12601087), Heteromeric assembly with TRPV5 seems to modify channel properties, TRPV5-TRPV6 heteromultimeric concatemers exhibit voltage-dependent gating (PubMed:12574114)

Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1,A,4) family, TrpV subfamily, TRPV6 sub-subfamily


This is Acylcarnitine hydrolase protein, from Mouse, contains 561 amino acids, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Hydrolase with high activity towards palmitoylcarnitine, Is also active with p-nitrophenylacetate and alpha-naphthylacetate, May also hydrolyze retinyl esters (By similarity)

Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family


This is Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 54 protein, from Mouse, contains 299 amino acids, locates in Cytoplasm.

Plays an important role in regulating intracellular signaling events associated with erythroid terminal differentiation


This is CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1 protein, from Mouse, contains 108 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Mitochondrion.

L-cysteine transaminase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the amino group from L-cysteine to the alpha-keto acid 2-oxoglutarate to respectively form 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate and L-glutamate (By similarity), The catalytic cycle occurs in the presence of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) cofactor that facilitates transamination by initially forming an internal aldimine with the epsilon-amino group of active site Lys-55 residue on the enzyme (PLP-enzyme aldimine), subsequently displaced by formation of an external aldimine with the substrate amino group (PLP-L-cysteine aldimine), The external aldimine is further deprotonated to form a carbanion intermediate, which in the presence of 2-oxoglutarate regenerates PLP yielding final products 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate and L-glutamate, The proton transfer in carbanion intermediate is suggested to be controlled by the active site lysine residue, whereas PLP stabilizes carbanion structure through electron delocalization, also known as the electron sink effect (By similarity), Plays a key role in regulating maximal capacity for electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation (PubMed:17376863), May be involved in iron-sulfur cluster shuttling and/or in redox reactions, Can transfer the [2Fe-2S] cluster to an apo-acceptor protein only when in the oxidation state, likely serving as a redox sensor that regulates mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster assembly and iron trafficking upon oxidative stress (By similarity)


This is L-xylulose reductase protein, from Mouse, contains 244 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of several pentoses, tetroses, trioses, alpha-dicarbonyl compounds and L-xylulose, Participates in the uronate cycle of glucose metabolism, May play a role in the water absorption and cellular osmoregulation in the proximal renal tubules by producing xylitol, an osmolyte, thereby preventing osmolytic stress from occurring in the renal tubules

Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family


This is Cytochrome P450 2C50 protein, from Mouse, contains 490 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Metabolizes arachidonic acid to several midchain and omega-terminal hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE)


This is Neutral ceramidase protein, from Rat, contains 761 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Plasma membrane ceramidase that hydrolyzes sphingolipid ceramides into sphingosine and free fatty acids at neutral pH (PubMed:11328816, PubMed:10488143, PubMed:15217782), Ceramides, sphingosine, and its phosphorylated form sphingosine-1-phosphate are bioactive lipids that mediate cellular signaling pathways regulating several biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation (PubMed:11328816), Also catalyzes the reverse reaction allowing the synthesis of ceramides from fatty acids and sphingosine (PubMed:15123644, PubMed:11278489), Together with sphingomyelinase, participates in the production of sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate from the degradation of sphingomyelin, a sphingolipid enriched in the plasma membrane of cells (PubMed:15217782), Also participates in the hydrolysis of ceramides from the extracellular milieu allowing the production of sphingosine-1-phosphate inside and outside cells, This is the case for instance with the digestion of dietary sphingolipids in the intestinal tract (By similarity)

Belongs to the neutral ceramidase family


This is ATPase WRNIP1 protein, from Mouse, contains 660 amino acids, has 1 UBZ4-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

Functions as a modulator of initiation or reinitiation events during DNA polymerase delta-mediated DNA synthesis, In the presence of ATP, stimulation of DNA polymerase delta-mediated DNA synthesis is decreased, Also plays a role in the innate immune defense against viruses, Stabilizes the RIGI dsRNA interaction and promotes RIGI 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination, In turn, RIGI transmits the signal through mitochondrial MAVS

Belongs to the AAA ATPase family, RarA/MGS1/WRNIP1 subfamily


This is Bromodomain testis-specific protein protein, from Mouse, contains 956 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Testis-specific chromatin protein that specifically binds histone H4 acetylated at 'Lys-5' and 'Lys-8' (H4K5ac and H4K8ac, respectively) and plays a key role in spermatogenesis (PubMed:12861021, PubMed:19794495, PubMed:22901802, PubMed:22922464), Required in late pachytene spermatocytes: plays a role in meiotic and post-meiotic cells by binding to acetylated histones at the promoter of specific meiotic and post-meiotic genes, facilitating their activation at the appropriate time, In the post-meiotic phase of spermatogenesis, binds to hyperacetylated histones and participates in their general removal from DNA (PubMed:22901802), Also recognizes and binds a subset of butyrylated histones: able to bind histone H4 butyrylated at 'Lys-8' (H4K8ac), while it is not able to bind H4 butyrylated at 'Lys-5' (H4K5ac) (PubMed:27105113), Also acts as a component of the splicing machinery in pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids and participates in 3'-UTR truncation of specific mRNAs in post-meiotic spermatids (PubMed:22570411), Required for chromocenter organization, a structure comprised of peri-centromeric heterochromatin (PubMed:22020252)


This is Monocarboxylate transporter 10 protein, from Rat, contains 514 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Sodium- and proton-independent thyroid hormones and aromatic acids transporter, Mediates both uptake and efflux of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine (T4) with high affinity, suggesting a role in the homeostasis of thyroid hormone levels (By similarity), Responsible for low affinity bidirectional transport of the aromatic amino acids, such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) (PubMed:11278508), Plays an important role in homeostasis of aromatic amino acids (By similarity)

Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily, Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2,A,1,13) family


This is SH3 domain-binding protein 5 protein, from Rat, contains 457 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Functions as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) with specificity for RAB11A and RAB25, Inhibits the auto- and transphosphorylation activity of BTK, Plays a negative regulatory role in BTK-related cytoplasmic signaling in B-cells, May be involved in BCR-induced apoptotic cell death


This is Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN2 protein, from Mouse, contains 419 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Prolyl hydroxylase that mediates hydroxylation of proline residues in target proteins, such as ATF4, IKBKB, CEP192 and HIF1A (PubMed:24809345), Target proteins are preferentially recognized via a LXXLAP motif (By similarity), Cellular oxygen sensor that catalyzes, under normoxic conditions, the post-translational formation of 4-hydroxyproline in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) alpha proteins (PubMed:18176562, PubMed:19587290, PubMed:21083501), Hydroxylates a specific proline found in each of the oxygen-dependent degradation (ODD) domains (N-terminal, NODD, and C-terminal, CODD) of HIF1A (PubMed:18176562, PubMed:19587290, PubMed:21083501), Also hydroxylates HIF2A (PubMed:18176562, PubMed:19587290, PubMed:21083501), Has a preference for the CODD site for both HIF1A and HIF2A (PubMed:18176562, PubMed:19587290, PubMed:21083501), Hydroxylated HIFs are then targeted for proteasomal degradation via the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitination complex (PubMed:18176562, PubMed:19587290, PubMed:21083501), Under hypoxic conditions, the hydroxylation reaction is attenuated allowing HIFs to escape degradation resulting in their translocation to the nucleus, heterodimerization with HIF1B, and increased expression of hypoxy-inducible genes (PubMed:18176562, PubMed:19587290, PubMed:21083501), EGLN2 is involved in regulating hypoxia tolerance and apoptosis in cardiac and skeletal muscle (PubMed:18176562, PubMed:19587290, PubMed:21083501), Also regulates susceptibility to normoxic oxidative neuronal death (PubMed:18176562, PubMed:19587290, PubMed:21083501), Links oxygen sensing to cell cycle and primary cilia formation by hydroxylating the critical centrosome component CEP192 which promotes its ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation (By similarity), Hydroxylates IKBKB, mediating NF-kappa-B activation in hypoxic conditions (By similarity), Also mediates hydroxylation of ATF4, leading to decreased protein stability of ATF4 (PubMed:24809345)


This is Leucine zipper putative tumor suppressor 2 protein, from Mouse, contains 671 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Negative regulator of katanin-mediated microtubule severing and release from the centrosome, Required for central spindle formation and the completion of cytokinesis, May negatively regulate axonal outgrowth by preventing the formation of microtubule bundles that are necessary for transport within the elongating axon, Negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, Represses beta-catenin-mediated transcriptional activation by promoting the nuclear exclusion of beta-catenin


This is DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 3 protein, from Mouse, contains 504 amino acids, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR) during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, Acts as a negative regulator of the EIF2AK4/GCN2 kinase activity by preventing the phosphorylation of eIF-2-alpha at 'Ser-52' and hence attenuating general protein synthesis under ER stress, hypothermic and amino acid starving stress conditions (PubMed:25329545), Co-chaperone of HSPA8/HSC70, it stimulates its ATPase activity, May inhibit both the autophosphorylation of EIF2AK2/PKR and the ability of EIF2AK2 to catalyze phosphorylation of the EIF2A, May inhibit EIF2AK3/PERK activity (By similarity)


This is Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 2 protein, from Mouse, contains 531 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

RNA-binding protein which binds to intronic polypyrimidine tracts and mediates negative regulation of exons splicing (PubMed:10829067, PubMed:30638744), May antagonize in a tissue-specific manner the ability of NOVA1 to activate exon selection (PubMed:10829067), In addition to its function in pre-mRNA splicing, also plays a role in the regulation of translation (PubMed:11726525)


This is Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E4 protein, from Mouse, contains 689 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

May mediate the cellular interaction between myeloid cells and B-cells

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family, Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily


This is DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 24 protein, from Mouse, contains 148 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

The iron-bound form is redox-active and can function as electron carrier (By similarity), Stimulates the ATPase activity of several Hsp70-type chaperones, This ability is enhanced by iron-binding, Plays a role in the diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in translation elongation factor 2 (EEF2)


This is N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding protein 2 protein, from Mouse, contains 389 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

May act as a signaling scaffold protein that senses intracellular calcium, Can modulate ligand-induced internalization of ADORA2A and coupling efficiency of mGluR5/GRM5; for both receptors may regulate signaling activity such as promoting MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) activation


This is Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 6 protein, from Mouse, contains 267 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of the four reactions that constitute the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle, This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) per cycle, Condensing enzyme that elongates fatty acids with 12, 14 and 16 carbons with higher activity toward C16:0 acyl-CoAs, Catalyzes the synthesis of unsaturated C16 long chain fatty acids and, to a lesser extent, C18:0 and those with low desaturation degree, May participate in the production of saturated and monounsaturated VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators

Belongs to the ELO family, ELOVL6 subfamily


This is RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog 2 protein, from Mouse, contains 346 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

RNA binding protein that regulates the expression of target mRNAs at the translation level, May play a role in the proliferation and maintenance of stem cells in the central nervous system


This is Grainyhead-like protein 1 homolog protein, from Mouse, contains 618 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Transcription factor involved in epithelial development, Binds directly to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-AACCGGTT-3' (PubMed:18288204, PubMed:21081122), Important regulator of DSG1 in the context of hair anchorage and epidermal differentiation, participates in the maintenance of the skin barrier (PubMed:18288204, PubMed:24586629), There is no genetic interaction with GRHL3, nor functional cooperativity due to diverse target gene selectivity during epithelia development (PubMed:21081122), May play a role in regulating glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling

Belongs to the grh/CP2 family, Grainyhead subfamily


This is UBX domain-containing protein 1 protein, from Mouse, contains 297 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Ubiquitin-binding protein that plays a role in the modulation of innate immune response, Blocks both the RIG-I-like receptors (RLR) and NF-kappa-B pathways, Following viral infection, UBXN1 is induced and recruited to the RLR component MAVS, In turn, interferes with MAVS oligomerization, and disrupts the MAVS/TRAF3/TRAF6 signalosome, This function probably serves as a brake to prevent excessive RLR signaling, Interferes with the TNFalpha-triggered NF-kappa-B pathway by interacting with cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) and thereby inhibiting their recruitment to TNFR1, Prevents also the activation of NF-kappa-B by associating with CUL1 and thus inhibiting NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha/NFKBIA degradation that remains bound to NF-kappa-B, Interacts with the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer and regulates its activity, Specifically binds 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitin chains, Interaction with autoubiquitinated BRCA1 leads to the inhibition of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer, Component of a complex required to couple deglycosylation and proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum that are retrotranslocated in the cytosol


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 59 protein, from Mouse, contains 403 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

RING-type

B box-type

E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in different processes such as development and immune response (PubMed:22588174, PubMed:29467473), Serves as a negative regulator for innate immune signaling pathways by suppressing RLR-induced activation of IRF3/7 and NF-kappa-B via interaction with adapter ECSIT (PubMed:22588174), Regulates autophagy through modulating both the transcription and the ubiquitination of BECN1, On the one hand, regulates the transcription of BECN1 through negatively modulating the NF-kappa-B pathway, On the other hand, regulates TRAF6-mediated 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of BECN1, thus affecting the formation of the BECN1-PIK3C3 complex, In addition, mediates 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of TRAF6 and thereby promotes TRAF6 proteasomal degradation, Acts also as a critical regulator for early embryo development from blastocyst stage to gastrula through modulating F-actin assembly and WASH1 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (PubMed:29467473)


This is Negative cofactor 2 complex subunit beta protein, from Baker's yeast, contains 146 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of the NC2 complex which represses RNA polymerase II transcription through binding to SPT15/TBP and thereby inhibiting the assembly of the preinitiation complex, The NC2 complex may also mediate transcriptional activation from TATA-driven promoters through association with SPT15/TBP


This is NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 protein, from Mouse, contains 737 amino acids, locates in Cytoplasm.

Catalytically inactive 75SirT1 may be involved in regulation of apoptosis, May be involved in protecting chondrocytes from apoptotic death by associating with cytochrome C and interfering with apoptosome assembly

Belongs to the sirtuin family, Class I subfamily


This is APOBEC1 complementation factor protein, from Rat, contains 594 amino acids, locates in Cytoplasm.

Essential component of the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme complex which is responsible for the postranscriptional editing of a CAA codon for Gln to a UAA codon for stop in APOB mRNA, Binds to APOB mRNA and is probably responsible for docking the catalytic subunit, APOBEC1, to the mRNA to allow it to deaminate its target cytosine, The complex also seems to protect the edited APOB mRNA from nonsense-mediated decay (By similarity)


This is 4'-phosphopantetheine phosphatase protein, from Rat, contains 773 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Phosphatase which shows a preference for 4'-phosphopantetheine and its oxidatively damaged forms (sulfonate or S-sulfonate), providing strong indirect evidence that the phosphatase activity pre-empts damage in the coenzyme A (CoA) pathway, Hydrolyzing excess 4'-phosphopantetheine could constitute a directed overflow mechanism to prevent its oxidation to the S-sulfonate, sulfonate, or other forms, Hydrolyzing 4'-phosphopantetheine sulfonate or S-sulfonate would forestall their conversion to inactive forms of CoA and acyl carrier protein, May play a role in the physiological regulation of CoA intracellular levels

In the C-terminal section; belongs to the damage-control phosphatase family, Phosphopantetheine phosphatase (II) subfamily


This is Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L4 protein, from Mouse, contains 739 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Endothelial orphan receptor that acts as a key regulator of angiogenesis


This is DNA damage-binding protein 2 protein, from Human, contains 427 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Belongs to the WD repeat DDB2/WDR76 family


This is Testis-expressed protein 101 protein, from Rat, contains 250 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Plays a role in fertilization by controlling binding of sperm to zona pellucida and migration of spermatozoa into the oviduct (By similarity), May play a role in signal transduction and promote protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PubMed:11809740)


This is WW domain-containing adapter protein with coiled-coil protein, from Mouse, contains 646 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Acts as a linker between gene transcription and histone H2B monoubiquitination at 'Lys-120' (H2BK120ub1), Interacts with the RNA polymerase II transcriptional machinery via its WW domain and with RNF20-RNF40 via its coiled coil region, thereby linking and regulating H2BK120ub1 and gene transcription, Regulates the cell-cycle checkpoint activation in response to DNA damage, Positive regulator of amino acid starvation-induced autophagy, Also acts as a negative regulator of basal autophagy, Positively regulates MTOR activity by promoting, in an energy-dependent manner, the assembly of the TTT complex composed of TELO2, TTI1 and TTI2 and the RUVBL complex composed of RUVBL1 and RUVBL2 into the TTT-RUVBL complex, This leads to the dimerization of the mTORC1 complex and its subsequent activation, May negatively regulate the ubiquitin proteasome pathway


This is Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial protein, from Rat, contains 950 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Mitochondrion.

ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of misfolded, unassembled or oxidatively damaged polypeptides as well as certain short-lived regulatory proteins in the mitochondrial matrix, May also have a chaperone function in the assembly of inner membrane protein complexes, Participates in the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression and in the maintenance of the integrity of the mitochondrial genome, Binds to mitochondrial promoters and RNA in a single-stranded, site-specific, and strand-specific manner, May regulate mitochondrial DNA replication and/or gene expression using site-specific, single-stranded DNA binding to target the degradation of regulatory proteins binding to adjacent sites in mitochondrial promoters


This is Solute carrier family 15 member 3 protein, from Rat, contains 582 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Lysosome/Vacuole.

Proton-coupled amino-acid transporter that transports free histidine and certain di- and tripeptides, and is involved in innate immune response (PubMed:11336635), Also able to transport carnosine (By similarity), Involved in the detection of microbial pathogens by toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs), probably by mediating transport of bacterial peptidoglycans across the endolysosomal membrane: catalyzes the transport of certain bacterial peptidoglycans, such as muramyl dipeptide (MDP), the NOD2 ligand (By similarity)

Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily, Proton-dependent oligopeptide transporter (POT/PTR) (TC 2,A,17) family


This is Y+L amino acid transporter 2 protein, from Human, contains 515 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Heterodimer with SLC3A2, that functions as an antiporter which operates as an efflux route by exporting cationic amino acids such as L-arginine from inside the cells in exchange with neutral amino acids like L-leucine, L-glutamine and isoleucine, plus sodium ions and may participate in nitric oxide synthesis (PubMed:9829974, PubMed:10903140, PubMed:16785209, PubMed:31705628, PubMed:15756301, PubMed:11311135, PubMed:17329401, PubMed:14603368, PubMed:19562367), Also exchanges L-arginine with L-lysine in a sodium-independent manner (PubMed:10903140), The transport mechanism is electroneutral and operates with a stoichiometry of 1:1 (PubMed:10903140), Contributes to ammonia-induced increase of L-arginine uptake in cerebral cortical astrocytes leading to ammonia-dependent increase of nitric oxide (NO) production via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction, and protein nitration (By similarity), May mediate transport of ornithine in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells (PubMed:17197568), May also transport glycine betaine in a sodium dependent manner from the cumulus granulosa into the enclosed oocyte (By similarity)

Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily, L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) (TC 2,A,3,8) family


This is Heat shock protein 105 kDa protein, from Human, contains 858 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Acts as a nucleotide-exchange factor (NEF) for chaperone proteins HSPA1A and HSPA1B, promoting the release of ADP from HSPA1A/B thereby triggering client/substrate protein release (PubMed:24318877), Prevents the aggregation of denatured proteins in cells under severe stress, on which the ATP levels decrease markedly, Inhibits HSPA8/HSC70 ATPase and chaperone activities (By similarity)

Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family


This is RING finger protein 37 protein, from Mouse, contains 539 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

RING-type

May have a ubiquitin-protein ligase activity acting as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase or as a ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase promoting elongation of ubiquitin chains on substrates


This is Acid-sensing ion channel 2 protein, from Mouse, contains 512 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Cation channel with high affinity for sodium, which is gated by extracellular protons and inhibited by the diuretic amiloride, Also permeable for Li(+) and K(+), Generates a biphasic current with a fast inactivating and a slow sustained phase, Heteromeric channel assembly seems to modulate

Belongs to the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (TC 1,A,6) family, ASIC2 subfamily


This is Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 2 protein, from Mouse, contains 520 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain, has 3 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Isoform 2 may be an adhesion molecule contributing to cell to cell adhesion between elongating spermatids and Sertoli cells within the seminiferous epithelium

Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, CEA family