This is Protein LEO1 homolog protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 625 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which is involved in histone modifications such as methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3) (PubMed:20363855), Involved in regulation of flowering time, Required for the expression of the flowering repressor and MADS box gene FLC (PubMed:12207655), Involved in the control of seed dormancy and germination (PubMed:21799800)


This is Glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 3, mitochondrial protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 309 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Possibly has a role in RNA transcription or processing during stress (By similarity), Involved in C-to-U editing of mitochondrial RNA, Functions as minor mitochondrial editing factor, Controls 6 percent of the mitochondrial editing sites (PubMed:25800738)


This is N-glycosylase/DNA lyase OGG1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 365 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Involved in repair of DNA damaged by oxidation by incising DNA at 8-oxoG residues, Excises 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine and 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-N-methylformamidopyrimidine (Fapy) from damaged DNA, Has a beta-lyase activity that nicks DNA 3' to the lesion


This is Protein NIM1-INTERACTING 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 142 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.


This is 5'-3' exoribonuclease 4 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 947 amino acids, has 1 CCHC-type Zinc finger, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

CCHC-type

Possesses 5'->3' exoribonuclease activity, Acts as an endogenous post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) suppressor, Degrades miRNA target cleavage products that lack a 5'-cap structure, Antagonizes the negative feedback regulation on EIN3 by promoting EBF1 and EBF2 mRNA decay, which consequently allows the accumulation of EIN3 protein to trigger the ethylene response

Belongs to the 5'-3' exonuclease family, XRN2/RAT1 subfamily


This is Amidase 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 425 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Amidase involved in auxin biosynthesis, Converts indole-3-acetamide to indole-3-acetate (PubMed:12620340, PubMed:27135507), Converts phenyl-2-acetamide (PAM) to phenyl-2-acetate, Substrate preference is PAM > IAM (PubMed:27135507), Can also use L-asparagine and 1-naphtalene-acetamide as substrates, but not indole-3-acetonitrile or indole-3-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (PubMed:12620340)


This is Zinc-finger homeodomain protein 5 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 309 amino acids, has 1 ZF-HD dimerization-type; degenerate Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

ZF-HD dimerization-type; degenerate

Putative transcription factor, Binds DNA at 5'-ATTA-3' consensus promoter regions, Regulates floral architecture and leaf development, Regulators in the abscisic acid (ABA) signal pathway that confers sensitivity to ABA in an ARF2-dependent manner


This is Protein CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 310 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Transcription activator of STM and KNAT6, Involved in molecular mechanisms regulating shoot apical meristem (SAM) formation during embryogenesis and organ separation, Required for the fusion of septa of gynoecia along the length of the ovaries, Activates the shoot formation in callus in a STM-dependent manner, Seems to act as an inhibitor of cell division


This is Aureusidin synthase protein, from Garden snapdragon, contains 562 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Lysosome/Vacuole.

Involved in the biosynthesis of aurones, plant flavonoids that provide yellow coloration to flowers, Can use tetrahydroxychalcone (THC), pentahydroxychalcone (PHC), THC 4'-glucoside and PHC 4'-glucoside as substrates, but not 2'-hydroxychalcone, 4-hydroxychalcone, PHC 3-glucoside, 2',6'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxychalcone, naringenin, eriodictyol and 4,4',6-trihydroxyaurone, Can also produce bracteatin from PHC


This is Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial protein, from Potato, contains 412 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Involved in the catabolism of amino acids, Uses isovaleryl-CoA as substrate, Minor activity detected with 2-methylpalmitoyl-CoA or 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA, but no activity with short- and medium-straight chain acyl-CoA esters or with 2-methylhexanoyl-CoA

Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family


This is 2-methylacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial protein, from Potato, contains 412 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SBCAD), Uses 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA as substrate, Minor activity with the straight-chain substrates, butanoyl-CoA, valeryl-CoA, hexanoyl-CoA, and octanoyl-CoA but no activity with isovaleryl-CoA


This is Transcription factor TCP21 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 239 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Transcription factor involved in the regulation of the circadian clock, Acts as a repressor of CCA1 by binding to its promoter, No binding to the LHY promoter


This is 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 3 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 391 amino acids, locates in Peroxisome.

Specifically cleaves olefinic bonds in cyclic enones (PubMed:11094980), Involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) and perhaps in biosynthesis or metabolism of other oxylipin signaling moleclules (PubMed:29291349, PubMed:10872231, PubMed:10973494), Required for the spatial and temporal regulation of JA levels during dehiscence of anthers, promoting the stomium degeneration program (PubMed:10899973, PubMed:10973494), In vitro, reduces 9S,13S-12-oxophytodienoic acid (9S,13S-OPDA) and 9R,13R-OPDA to 9S,13S-OPC-8:0 and 9R,13R-OPC-8:0, respectively (PubMed:10872231), Can detoxify the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in vitro by catalyzing its nitroreduction to form hydroxylamino-dinitrotoluene (HADNT) (PubMed:19605548)

Belongs to the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase/NADH oxidase family


This is ABC transporter B family member 23, mitochondrial protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 678 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Mitochondrion.

Performs an essential function in the generation of cytoplasmic iron-sulfur proteins by mediating export of Fe/S cluster precursors synthesized by NFS1 and other mitochondrial proteins, Not involved in the export of cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate (cPMP) from mitochondria into the cytosol

Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily, ABCB family, Heavy Metal importer (TC 3,A,1,210) subfamily


This is Transcriptional corepressor LEUNIG protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 931 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Transcription repressor subunit of the SEU-LUG transcriptional corepressor of the C class floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS during the early stages of floral meristem development, Is part of the A class cadastral complex that define the boundaries between the A and C class homeotic genes expression and function, Interacts together with APETALA2 and SEUSS to repress AGAMOUS expression, Also plays a role in ovule and pollen development (PubMed:11782418, PubMed:15277686, PubMed:7743940), Implicated in embryo and floral development (PubMed:18390806), Involved in post-synthesis cell wall modifications necessary for mucilage extrusion from seeds upon imbibition, probably by promoting the expression of genes required for mucilage maturation (PubMed:21362134, PubMed:21402796), Involved in vegetative leaf morphogenesis at later stages of leaf development by restricting cell expansion during leaf growth (PubMed:15208345), Regulates the maintenance on leaf polarity and meristem activity as well as the initiation of embryonic shoot apical meristem (SAM) development (PubMed:19837869)


This is Hexahomomethionine N-hydroxylase protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 537 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Catalyzes the conversion of the long chain elongated methionines penta- and hexahomomethionine to their corresponding aldoximes 8-methylthiooctanaldoxime and 9-methylthiononanaldoxime


This is Transcription factor E2FC protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 396 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Involved in transcriptional repression, May act by repressing E2F-regulated genes in mature differentiated cells, but is not an antagonist of E2FA, Restricts cell division and is involved in the coordination between cell proliferation and endoreduplication during development, May play a role during the transition from skotomorphogenesis to photomorphogenesis, Regulated by phosphorylation-dependent proteolysis via the protein-ubiquitin ligase SCF(SKP2A) complex


This is Histone deacetylase HDT1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 245 amino acids, has 1 C2H2-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

Probably mediates the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events, Required for histone H3 'Lys-9' deacetylation, Involved in rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance, Seems to be implicated in the regulation of genes involved in seeds development

Belongs to the histone deacetylase HD2 family


This is Nucleolin 1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 557 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Involved in pre-rRNA processing and ribosome assembly (PubMed:17108323, PubMed:17286797, PubMed:17369435, PubMed:21124873), Is associated with intranucleolar chromatin and pre-ribosomal particles and plays a role in controlling activation and repression of a specific subset of rRNA genes located in distinctive nucleolar organizer regions, Binds specifically rDNA chromatin and may be required to maintain rDNA chromatin structure, but is probably not required for the overall histone methylation status of 45S rRNA genes (PubMed:17108323, PubMed:17286797, PubMed:21124873), Involved in leaf polarity establishment by functioning cooperatively with AS1 to repress abaxial genes ARF3, ARF4, KAN1, KAN2, YAB1 and YAB5, and the knox homeobox genes KNAT1, KNAT2, KNAT6, and STM to promote adaxial development in leaf primordia at shoot apical meristems at high temperatures (PubMed:27334696)


This is Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3B protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 735 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Catalytic subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation, N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity, This subunit contains the active site and the acceptor peptide and donor lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) binding pockets


This is Zinc finger protein WIP6 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 302 amino acids, has 1 C2H2-type Zinc finger, has 1 C2H2-type 2; atypical Zinc finger, has 1 C2H2-type 3; atypical Zinc finger, has 1 C2H2-type 4; atypical Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

C2H2-type 2; atypical

C2H2-type 3; atypical

C2H2-type 4; atypical

Probable transcriptional regulator (Probable), Involved in leaf vasculature patterning (PubMed:18643975)

Belongs to the WIP C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family


This is Transcription factor bHLH95 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 308 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Transcription factor that controls embryo growth (PubMed:18567831, PubMed:18849529, PubMed:23318634), Regulates endosperm breakdown and embryonic epidermal development, Regulates the expression of SBT2,4/ALE1 (PubMed:18849529, PubMed:23318634), Involved in embryonic cuticle formation upstream of SBT2,4/ALE1 (PubMed:23318634), Does not seem to be a general regulator of endosperm patterning, May control specific signaling pathways that coordinate embryo invasion and breakdown of surrounding endosperm tissues (PubMed:18849529), Required for the production the embryo sheath, an extracuticular endosperm-derived structure at the surface of the embryo, Acts upstream of KRS (PubMed:28696222)


This is Alkaline/neutral invertase A, mitochondrial protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 616 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Mitochondrial invertase that cleaves sucrose into glucose and fructose and is involved in the regulation of multiple tissue development and floral transition, May generate glucose as a substrate for mitochondria-associated hexokinase, contributing to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species homeostasis

Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 100 family


This is Protein REDUCED WALL ACETYLATION 4 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 540 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.

Probable O-acetyltransferase involved in the acetylation of xylan during secondary wall biosynthesis

Belongs to the PC-esterase family, CASD1 subfamily


This is NAC domain-containing protein 83 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 252 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Transcriptional repressor that negatively regulates the expression of genes involved in xylem vessel formation, Represses the transcriptional activation activity of NAC030/VND7, which regulates protoxylem vessel differentiation by promoting immature xylem vessel-specific genes expression (PubMed:20388856), Transcriptional activator that regulates the COLD-REGULATED (COR15A and COR15B) and RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION (LTI78/RD29A and LTI65/RD29B) genes by binding directly to their promoters, Mediates signaling crosstalk between salt stress response and leaf aging process (PubMed:21673078), May play a role in DNA replication of mungbean yellow mosaic virus (PubMed:24442717)


This is Pheophorbide a oxygenase, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 537 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Plastid.

Catalyzes the key reaction of chlorophyll catabolism, porphyrin macrocycle cleavage of pheophorbide a (pheide a) to a primary fluorescent catabolite (pFCC), Works in a two-step reaction with red chlorophyll catabolite reductase (RCCR), Creates the intermediate RCC through the opening of the porphyrin macrocycle by the introduction of one atom of molecular oxygen at the alpha-methine bridge, Seems to be specific for pheide a, Belongs to the chlorophyll catabolic enzymes (CCEs)


This is Metacaspase-9 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 325 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Cysteine protease that cleaves specifically after arginine or lysine residues, Does not cleave caspase-specific substrates, Required for proteolytic processing of GRI (PubMed:25398910)


This is ALBINO3-like protein 1, chloroplastic protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 499 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Plastid.

Required for the insertion of some light harvesting chlorophyll-binding proteins (LHCP) into the chloroplast thylakoid membrane, Plays a role in the accumulation of some cytochrome b6f components in the thylakoid membrane (PubMed:26265777), Required for the assembly and/or stability of the F(1)F(0) ATP synthase in chloroplast thylakoid membranes, Functions to stabilize or promote assembly of F(1) during its attachment to the membrane-embedded F(0) part (PubMed:19995738), Participates with STIC2 in thylakoid protein targeting, May function with a specific subset of thylakoidal proteins (PubMed:28684427)

Belongs to the OXA1/ALB3/YidC (TC 2,A,9,2) family


This is Cytosolic sulfotransferase 17 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 346 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of desulfo-glucosinolates (dsGSs), the final step in the biosynthesis of the glucosinolate core structure, Substrate preference is desulfo-benzyl glucosinolate > desulfo-6-methylthiohexyl glucosinolate, Increased specific activity with increasing chain length of desulfo-glucosinolate derived from methionine, Preferred substrate is desulfo-8-methylthiooctyl glucosinolate

Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family


This is Non-classical arabinogalactan protein 31 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 359 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Proteoglycan that may contribute to the strengthening of cell walls


This is Peroxisomal membrane protein 11A protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 248 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Peroxisome.

Involved in peroxisomal proliferation, Promotes peroxisomal duplication, aggregation or elongation without fission


This is Phospholipase B-like 1 protein, from Bovine, contains 545 amino acids, locates in Lysosome/Vacuole.

Exhibits a weak phospholipase activity, acting on various phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine and lysophospholipids (By similarity), However, in view of the small size of the putative binding pocket, it has been proposed that it may act rather as an amidase or a peptidase (PubMed:23934913)

Belongs to the phospholipase B-like family


This is Toll-like receptor 4 protein, from Bovine, contains 841 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Cooperates with LY96 and CD14 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:17559944), Acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response, Also involved in LPS-independent inflammatory responses triggered by free fatty acids, such as palmitate, In complex with TLR6, promotes sterile inflammation in monocytes/macrophages in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or amyloid-beta 42, In this context, the initial signal is provided by oxLDL- or amyloid-beta 42-binding to CD36, This event induces the formation of a heterodimer of TLR4 and TLR6, which is rapidly internalized and triggers inflammatory response, leading to the NF-kappa-B-dependent production of CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL9 cytokines, via MYD88 signaling pathway, and CCL5 cytokine, via TICAM1 signaling pathway, as well as IL1B secretion, Binds electronegative LDL (LDL(-)) and mediates the cytokine release induced by LDL(-) (By similarity), Activated by the signaling pathway regulator NMI which acts as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in response to cell injury or pathogen invasion, therefore promoting nuclear factor NF-kappa-B activation (By similarity)

Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family


This is Serine/threonine-protein kinase 17A protein, from Rabbit, contains 397 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Acts as a positive regulator of apoptosis, May also act as a regulator of cellular reactive oxygen species

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family, DAP kinase subfamily


This is Serine/threonine-protein kinase par-4 protein, from Caenorhabditis elegans, contains 617 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Required for cytoplasmic partitioning and asymmetric cell division in early embryogenesis (PubMed:10704392), Controls the asymmetric cell division of the Q,p neuroblast lineage (PubMed:23267054), Involved in mediating cell polarization via regulation of anillin family scaffold proteins (PubMed:21276723), Phosphorylates and restricts the asymmetry effectors mex-5 and mex-6 to the anterior cytoplasm of the zygote and maintains these phosphorylations until fertilization (PubMed:18842813), May phosphorylate par-1, Required for strd-1 localization to the cell cortex of early embryos and may be required for strd-1 protein stabilization, May regulate the integrity of the early embryonic cortex in a strd-1-dependent manner (PubMed:20110331), Phosphorylates and regulates aak-2 in response to oxidative stress and during dauer development (PubMed:18408008, PubMed:20110331), May also play a role in motility, behavioral response, regulation of lifespan and dauer formation through this pathway (PubMed:15574588, PubMed:18408008), Required to establish germline stem cell (GSC) quiescence during dauer development (PubMed:20110331), Acts downstream of unc-40 in dendrite outgrowth (PubMed:21186357), May play a role in cell shedding during embryogenesis, probably by phosphorylating pig-1 (PubMed:22801495)

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family, LKB1 subfamily


This is Head peptide protein, from Yellowfever mosquito, contains 128 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Has a role in inhibiting host-seeking behavior during a reproductive cycle


This is Elongation factor 1-beta protein, from Social amoeba, contains 216 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

EF-1-beta and EF-1-delta stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to EF-1-alpha to GTP

Belongs to the EF-1-beta/EF-1-delta family


This is Synembryn protein, from Caenorhabditis elegans, contains 566 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which can activate some, but not all, G-alpha proteins independently of G-protein coupled receptors, Acts by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP, Able to facilitate synaptic transmission in the nervous system probably by activating G(q)-alpha (egl-30), Also able to activate the G(s)-alpha in synaptic signaling network, Plays a key role in asymmetric spindle positioning, a step for asymmetric cell division that generates cell diversity during development by activating G(i)-alpha protein goa-1 and gpa-16 independently of G-protein coupled receptors, While it acts as a GEF for goa-1, it has no GEF activity toward gpa-16, In addition to its GEF activity, it is required for cortical subcellular localization of G-alpha proteins such as gpa-16, Also required for the interaction of goa-1 and gpr-1/2, suggesting that it may act by generating G-alpha proteins free from G-beta-gamma subunits, enabling gpr-1/2 to mediate asymmetric cell division


This is Probable serine/threonine-protein kinase zyg-1 protein, from Caenorhabditis elegans, contains 706 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Protein kinase that plays a central role in centrosome duplication, control of centrosome size, spindle formation and nuclear envelope breakdown during cell divisions (PubMed:11371350, PubMed:15232593, PubMed:15665853, PubMed:19081077, PubMed:18765790, PubMed:19109417, PubMed:22623721, PubMed:27689799), Paternal copy is required to regulate synthesis of daughter centrioles prior to fertilization (PubMed:11371350, PubMed:18765790), Maternal copy regulates centrosome duplication during later cell cycles (PubMed:11371350, PubMed:18765790), Functions upstream of sas-5 and sas-6, and is required for their localization to the centrosome (PubMed:15232593, PubMed:15665853), Its role in nuclear envelope breakdown is mediated by the spindly-like protein spdl-1 and the RZZ complex, which in turn recruits the spindle checkpoint proteins mdf-1 and mdf-2, dynein and dynactin to unattached kinetochores (PubMed:18765790, PubMed:18936247)

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, Ser/Thr protein kinase family


This is 9,11-endoperoxide prostaglandin H2 reductase protein, from Trypanosoma brucei brucei, contains 276 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Catalyzes the NADP-dependent formation of prostaglandin F2-alpha from prostaglandin H2, Has also aldo/ketoreductase activity towards the synthetic substrates 9,10-phenanthrenequinone and p-nitrobenzaldehyde

Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family


This is Lysine-specific demethylase 7 homolog protein, from Caenorhabditis elegans, contains 910 amino acids, has 1 PHD-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

PHD-type

Histone demethylase required for nervous system development (PubMed:20346720), Specifically demethylates dimethylated 'Lys-9', 'Lys-23' and 'Lys-27' (H3K9me2, H3K23me2 and H3K27me2, respectively) of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code (PubMed:20346720, PubMed:21251613, PubMed:20567262, PubMed:26476455), Promotes mitochondrial stress-induced longevity (PubMed:27133168)

Belongs to the JHDM1 histone demethylase family, JHDM1D subfamily


This is Nuclear pore complex protein Nup88 protein, from Fruit fly, contains 702 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Nucleus.

Essential component of nuclear pore complex (PubMed:10921908, PubMed:14638854, PubMed:17032737), Required for the anchoring of Nup214 and emb on the nuclear envelope and thereby attenuates nuclear export signal (NES)-mediated nuclear export (PubMed:14638854), Together with Nup214, required for the nuclear import of the Rel family transcription factors dorsal (dl) and Dorsal-related immunity factor (Dif) and the activation of an immune response (PubMed:10921908, PubMed:17032737)


This is Systemic RNA interference defective protein 1 protein, from Caenorhabditis elegans, contains 776 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Plays a role in RNA-mediated gene silencing by acting cell-autonomously as a channel for the transport of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) between cells, Mediates the spread of dsRNA and subsequent silencing of genes in cells distant from the site of dsRNA introduction, Selective for dsRNA, Preferentially binds long dsRNA, from 50 base pairs up to 700, Short 20 base-pair long molecules are not bound, May also bind dsDNA, but with lower affinity, Binding may be sequence-independent (PubMed:26067272), Required for avoidance behavior induced by small RNAs derived from pathogenic bacteria such as P,aeruginosa (PubMed:32908307)


This is Ribosome biogenesis protein WDR12 protein, from Human, contains 423 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Nucleus.

Component of the PeBoW complex, which is required for maturation of 28S and 5,8S ribosomal RNAs and formation of the 60S ribosome

Belongs to the WD repeat WDR12/YTM1 family


This is Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like protein, from Human, contains 467 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

May be implicated in the adrenocortical zonation and in mechanisms for repressing the CYP11B1 gene expression in adrenocortical cells, This is a non catalytic peptidase C1 family protein (By similarity)


This is Derlin-2 protein, from Human, contains 239 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

(Microbial infection) In contrast to DERL1, it is not involved in the degradation of MHC class I heavy chains following infection by cytomegaloviruses


This is RNA exonuclease 4 protein, from Human, contains 422 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.


This is Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 4 protein, from Human, contains 314 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of the four reactions that constitute the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle, This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) per cycle, Condensing enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of very long chain saturated (VLC-SFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators, May play a critical role in early brain and skin development

Belongs to the ELO family, ELOVL4 subfamily


This is DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA49 protein, from Human, contains 419 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates, Component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors (PubMed:24207024), Appears to be involved in the formation of the initiation complex at the promoter by mediating the interaction between Pol I and UBTF/UBF (PubMed:24207024)

Belongs to the eukaryotic RPA49/POLR1E RNA polymerase subunit family


This is Egl nine homolog 1 protein, from Human, contains 426 amino acids, has 1 MYND-type; atypical Zinc finger, locates in Cytoplasm.

MYND-type; atypical

Cellular oxygen sensor that catalyzes, under normoxic conditions, the post-translational formation of 4-hydroxyproline in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) alpha proteins, Hydroxylates a specific proline found in each of the oxygen-dependent degradation (ODD) domains (N-terminal, NODD, and C-terminal, CODD) of HIF1A, Also hydroxylates HIF2A, Has a preference for the CODD site for both HIF1A and HIF1B, Hydroxylated HIFs are then targeted for proteasomal degradation via the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitination complex, Under hypoxic conditions, the hydroxylation reaction is attenuated allowing HIFs to escape degradation resulting in their translocation to the nucleus, heterodimerization with HIF1B, and increased expression of hypoxy-inducible genes, EGLN1 is the most important isozyme under normoxia and, through regulating the stability of HIF1, involved in various hypoxia-influenced processes such as angiogenesis in retinal and cardiac functionality, Target proteins are preferentially recognized via a LXXLAP motif


This is Carboxy-terminal domain RNA polymerase II polypeptide A small phosphatase 1 protein, from Human, contains 261 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Preferentially catalyzes the dephosphorylation of 'Ser-5' within the tandem 7 residue repeats in the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit POLR2A, Negatively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription, possibly by controlling the transition from initiation/capping to processive transcript elongation, Recruited by REST to neuronal genes that contain RE-1 elements, leading to neuronal gene silencing in non-neuronal cells


This is PR domain zinc finger protein 14 protein, from Human, contains 571 amino acids, has 1 C2H2-type 1; atypical Zinc finger, has 5 C2H2-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

C2H2-type 1; atypical

Transcription factor that has both positive and negative roles on transcription, Required for the maintenance of embryonic stem cell identity and the reacquisition of pluripotency in somatic cells, May play an essential role in germ cell development at 2 levels: the reacquisition of potential pluripotency, including SOX2 up-regulation, and successful epigenetic reprogramming, characterized by EHMT1 repression, Its association with CBFA2T2 is required for the functions in pluripotency and germ cell formation (By similarity), Directly up-regulates the expression of pluripotency gene POU5F1 through its proximal enhancer, Binds to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-GGTC[TC]CTAA-3'

Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily


This is Linker for activation of T-cells family member 2 protein, from Human, contains 243 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Involved in FCER1 (high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor)-mediated signaling in mast cells, May also be involved in BCR (B-cell antigen receptor)-mediated signaling in B-cells and FCGR1 (high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I)-mediated signaling in myeloid cells, Couples activation of these receptors and their associated kinases with distal intracellular events through the recruitment of GRB2


This is N-alpha-acetyltransferase 50 protein, from Human, contains 169 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

N-alpha-acetyltransferase that acetylates the N-terminus of proteins that retain their initiating methionine (PubMed:19744929, PubMed:22311970, PubMed:21900231, PubMed:27484799), Has a broad substrate specificity: able to acetylate the initiator methionine of most peptides, except for those with a proline in second position (PubMed:27484799), Also displays N-epsilon-acetyltransferase activity by mediating acetylation of the side chain of specific lysines on proteins (PubMed:19744929), Autoacetylates in vivo (PubMed:19744929), The relevance of N-epsilon-acetyltransferase activity is however unclear: able to acetylate H4 in vitro, but this result has not been confirmed in vivo (PubMed:19744929), Component of N-alpha-acetyltransferase complexes containing NAA10 and NAA15, which has N-alpha-acetyltransferase activity (PubMed:16507339, PubMed:29754825, PubMed:27484799, PubMed:32042062), Does not influence the acetyltransferase activity of NAA10 (PubMed:16507339, PubMed:27484799), However, it negatively regulates the N-alpha-acetyltransferase activity of the N-terminal acetyltransferase A complex (also called the NatA complex) (PubMed:32042062), The multiprotein complexes probably constitute the major contributor for N-terminal acetylation at the ribosome exit tunnel, with NAA10 acetylating all amino termini that are devoid of methionine and NAA50 acetylating other peptides (PubMed:16507339, PubMed:27484799), Required for sister chromatid cohesion during mitosis by promoting binding of CDCA5/sororin to cohesin: may act by counteracting the function of NAA10 (PubMed:17502424, PubMed:27422821)

Belongs to the acetyltransferase family, GNAT subfamily


This is Mitochondrial disaggregase protein, from Human, contains 707 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Functions as a regulatory ATPase and participates in secretion/protein trafficking process, Has ATP-dependent protein disaggregase activity and is required to maintain the solubility of key mitochondrial proteins (PubMed:32573439, PubMed:34115842, PubMed:35247700, PubMed:36170828, PubMed:36745679), Involved in mitochondrial-mediated antiviral innate immunity, activates RIG-I-mediated signal transduction and production of IFNB1 and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL6 (PubMed:31522117), Plays a role in granulocyte differentiation (PubMed:34115842)


This is Ras-related protein Rab-33B protein, from Human, contains 229 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.

Protein transport, Acts, in coordination with RAB6A, to regulate intra-Golgi retrograde trafficking, It is involved in autophagy, acting as a modulator of autophagosome formation

Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Rab family


This is Large subunit GTPase 1 homolog protein, from Human, contains 658 amino acids, locates in Cytoplasm.

GTPase required for the XPO1/CRM1-mediated nuclear export of the 60S ribosomal subunit, Probably acts by mediating the release of NMD3 from the 60S ribosomal subunit after export into the cytoplasm (Probable)

Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family, LSG1 subfamily


This is RING finger protein 32 protein, from Human, contains 362 amino acids, has 1 RING-type 1; atypical Zinc finger, has 1 RING-type 2; atypical Zinc finger, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

RING-type 1; atypical

RING-type 2; atypical


This is BTB/POZ domain-containing protein 1 protein, from Human, contains 482 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Probable substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (PubMed:14528312), Seems to regulate expression levels and/or subnuclear distribution of TOP1, via an unknown mechanism (By similarity), May play a role in mesenchymal differentiation where it promotes myogenic differentiation and suppresses adipogenesis (By similarity)


This is Integrin-linked kinase-associated serine/threonine phosphatase 2C protein, from Human, contains 392 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Protein phosphatase that may play a role in regulation of cell cycle progression via dephosphorylation of its substrates whose appropriate phosphorylation states might be crucial for cell proliferation, Selectively associates with integrin linked kinase (ILK), to modulate cell adhesion and growth factor signaling, Inhibits the ILK-GSK3B signaling axis and may play an important role in inhibiting oncogenic transformation


This is 5'-3' exoribonuclease 2 protein, from Human, contains 950 amino acids, has 1 CCHC-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

CCHC-type

Possesses 5'->3' exoribonuclease activity (By similarity), May promote the termination of transcription by RNA polymerase II, During transcription termination, cleavage at the polyadenylation site liberates a 5' fragment which is subsequently processed to form the mature mRNA and a 3' fragment which remains attached to the elongating polymerase, The processive degradation of this 3' fragment by this protein may promote termination of transcription, Binds to RNA polymerase II (RNAp II) transcription termination R-loops formed by G-rich pause sites (PubMed:21700224)

Belongs to the 5'-3' exonuclease family, XRN2/RAT1 subfamily


This is Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 44 protein, from Human, contains 712 amino acids, has 1 UBP-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

UBP-type

Deubiquitinase that plays a key regulatory role in the spindle assembly checkpoint or mitotic checkpoint by preventing premature anaphase onset, Acts by specifically mediating deubiquitination of CDC20, a negative regulator of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) (PubMed:17443180), Deubiquitination of CDC20 leads to stabilize the MAD2L1-CDC20-APC/C ternary complex (also named mitotic checkpoint complex), thereby preventing premature activation of the APC/C (PubMed:17443180), Promotes association of MAD2L1 with CDC20 and reinforces the spindle assembly checkpoint (PubMed:17443180), Promotes also the deubiquitination of histone H2A and H2B (PubMed:23615962, PubMed:27880911), Recruited to RNF8/RNF168-ubiquitinated chromatin surrounding double stranded breaks (DSBs), promotes hydrolysis of such ubiquitin conjugates, thus negatively regulating protein recruitment to damaged chromatin (PubMed:23615962), Participates in nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway by deubiquitinating DDB2 to prevent its premature degradation so it can remain on damaged chromatin (By similarity), Promotes FOXP3 stabilization through 'Lys-48'-linked deubiquitination leading to increased stability and increased regulatory T-cell lineage stability (PubMed:32644293), Plays also a positive role in innate immune response to DNA viruses by deubiquitinating STING1, selectively removing its 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains and stabilizing it (PubMed:31968013)

Belongs to the peptidase C19 family, USP44 subfamily


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF38 protein, from Human, contains 515 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

RING-type

Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase able to ubiquitinate p53/TP53 which promotes its relocalization to discrete foci associated with PML nuclear bodies, Exhibits preference for UBE2D2 as a E2 enzyme


This is Nuclear speckle splicing regulatory protein 1 protein, from Human, contains 558 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

RNA-binding protein that mediates pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulation


This is Glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase subunit A, mitochondrial protein, from Human, contains 528 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Allows the formation of correctly charged Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) in the mitochondria, The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated gamma-phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln)

Belongs to the amidase family, GatA subfamily


This is Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX47 protein, from Human, contains 455 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Required for efficient ribosome biogenesis (By similarity), May have a role in mRNA splicing (PubMed:16963496), Involved in apoptosis (PubMed:15977068)

Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family, DDX47/RRP3 subfamily


This is Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 8 protein, from Human, contains 538 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Core component of the 3M complex, a complex required to regulate microtubule dynamics and genome integrity, It is unclear how the 3M complex regulates microtubules, it could act by controlling the level of a microtubule stabilizer (PubMed:24793695, PubMed:24793696), Required for localization of CUL7 to the centrosome (PubMed:24793695)


This is Ester hydrolase C11orf54 protein, from Human, contains 315 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Exhibits ester hydrolase activity on the substrate p-nitrophenyl acetate


This is Oxysterol-binding protein-related protein 5 protein, from Human, contains 879 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Lipid transporter involved in lipid countertransport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane: specifically exchanges phosphatidylserine with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), delivering phosphatidylserine to the plasma membrane in exchange for PI4P, which is degraded by the SAC1/SACM1L phosphatase in the endoplasmic reticulum, Binds phosphatidylserine and PI4P in a mutually exclusive manner (PubMed:23934110, PubMed:26206935), May cooperate with NPC1 to mediate the exit of cholesterol from endosomes/lysosomes (PubMed:21220512), Binds 25-hydroxycholesterol and cholesterol (PubMed:17428193)


This is Deoxynucleotidyltransferase terminal-interacting protein 1 protein, from Human, contains 329 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Increases DNTT terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase activity (in vitro) (PubMed:11473582), Also acts as a transcriptional regulator, binding to the consensus sequence 5'-GNTGCATG-3' following an AT-tract, Associates with RAB20 promoter and positively regulates its transcription, Binds DNA and nucleosomes; may recruit HDAC1 complexes to nucleosomes or naked DNA


This is Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6 protein, from Human, contains 765 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Calcium selective cation channel that mediates Ca(2+) uptake in various tissues, including the intestine (PubMed:11097838, PubMed:11278579, PubMed:11248124, PubMed:15184369, PubMed:23612980, PubMed:29258289), Important for normal Ca(2+) ion homeostasis in the body, including bone and skin (By similarity), The channel is activated by low internal calcium level, probably including intracellular calcium store depletion, and the current exhibits an inward rectification (PubMed:15184369), Inactivation includes both a rapid Ca(2+)-dependent and a slower Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent mechanism; the latter may be regulated by phosphorylation, In vitro, is slowly inhibited by Mg(2+) in a voltage-independent manner, Heteromeric assembly with TRPV5 seems to modify channel properties, TRPV5-TRPV6 heteromultimeric concatemers exhibit voltage-dependent gating

Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1,A,4) family, TrpV subfamily, TRPV6 sub-subfamily


This is DNA replication factor Cdt1 protein, from Human, contains 546 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Required for both DNA replication and mitosis (PubMed:11125146, PubMed:22581055, PubMed:21856198, PubMed:14993212, PubMed:26842564), DNA replication licensing factor, required for pre-replication complex assembly, Cooperates with CDC6 and the origin recognition complex (ORC) during G1 phase of the cell cycle to promote the loading of the mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM) complex onto DNA to generate pre-replication complexes (pre-RC)(PubMed:14672932), Required also for mitosis by promoting stable kinetochore-microtubule attachments (PubMed:22581055), Potential oncogene (By similarity)


This is Cytosolic beta-glucosidase protein, from Human, contains 469 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Neutral cytosolic beta-glycosidase with a broad substrate specificity that could play a role in the catabolism of glycosylceramides (PubMed:11389701, PubMed:11784319, PubMed:20728381, PubMed:26724485, PubMed:17595169, PubMed:33361282), Has a significant glucosylceramidase activity in vitro (PubMed:26724485, PubMed:17595169), However, that activity is relatively low and its significance in vivo is not clear (PubMed:26724485, PubMed:17595169, PubMed:20728381), Hydrolyzes galactosylceramides/GalCers, glucosylsphingosines/GlcSphs and galactosylsphingosines/GalSphs (PubMed:17595169), However, the in vivo relevance of these activities is unclear (PubMed:17595169), It can also hydrolyze a broad variety of dietary glycosides including phytoestrogens, flavonols, flavones, flavanones and cyanogens in vitro and could therefore play a role in the metabolism of xenobiotics (PubMed:11784319), Possesses transxylosylase activity in vitro using xylosylated ceramides/XylCers (such as beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine) as xylosyl donors and cholesterol as acceptor (PubMed:33361282), Could also play a role in the catabolism of cytosolic sialyl free N-glycans (PubMed:26193330)

Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family, Klotho subfamily


This is P2Y purinoceptor 12 protein, from Human, contains 342 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Receptor for ADP and ATP coupled to G-proteins that inhibit the adenylyl cyclase second messenger system, Not activated by UDP and UTP, Required for normal platelet aggregation and blood coagulation

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family


This is Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 protein, from Human, contains 536 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Adapter protein that plays a key role in innate immune response against fungi by forming signaling complexes downstream of C-type lectin receptors (PubMed:26961233, PubMed:33558980), CARD9-mediated signals are essential for antifungal immunity against a subset of fungi from the phylum Ascomycota (PubMed:24231284, PubMed:25702837, PubMed:25057046, PubMed:26679537, PubMed:26961233, PubMed:26521038, PubMed:27777981, PubMed:29080677, PubMed:33558980), Transduces signals in myeloid cells downstream of C-type lectin receptors CLEC7A (dectin-1), CLEC6A (dectin-2) and CLEC4E (Mincle), which detect pathogen-associated molecular pattern metabolites (PAMPs), such as fungal carbohydrates, and trigger CARD9 activation (By similarity), Upon activation, CARD9 homooligomerizes to form a nucleating helical template that recruits BCL10 via CARD-CARD interaction, thereby promoting polymerization of BCL10 and subsequent recruitment of MALT1: this leads to activation of NF-kappa-B and MAP kinase p38 (MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and/or MAPK14) pathways which stimulate expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (PubMed:11053425, PubMed:26488816, PubMed:31296852, PubMed:26961233, PubMed:33558980), CARD9 signaling in antigen-presenting cells links innate sensing of fungi to the activation of adaptive immunity and provides a cytokine milieu that induces the development and subsequent of interleukin 17-producing T helper (Th17) cells (PubMed:24231284), Also involved in activation of myeloid cells via classical ITAM-associated receptors and TLR: required for TLR-mediated activation of MAPK, while it is not required for TLR-induced activation of NF-kappa-B (By similarity), CARD9 can also be engaged independently of BCL10: forms a complex with RASGRF1 downstream of C-type lectin receptors, which recruits and activates HRAS, leading to ERK activation and the production of cytokines (By similarity), Acts as an important regulator of the intestinal commensal fungi (mycobiota) component of the gut microbiota (PubMed:33548172), Plays an essential role in antifungal immunity against dissemination of gut fungi: acts by promoting induction of antifungal IgG antibodies response in CX3CR1(+) macrophages to confer protection against disseminated C,albicans or C,auris infection (PubMed:33548172), Also mediates immunity against other pathogens, such as certain bacteria, viruses and parasites; CARD9 signaling is however redundant with other innate immune responses (By similarity), In response to L,monocytogenes infection, required for the production of inflammatory cytokines activated by intracellular peptidoglycan: acts by connecting NOD2 recognition of peptidoglycan to downstream activation of MAP kinases (MAPK) without activating NF-kappa-B (By similarity)


This is Enhancer of polycomb homolog 1 protein, from Human, contains 836 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex, a multiprotein complex involved in transcriptional activation of select genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A (PubMed:14966270), The NuA4 complex plays a direct role in repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by promoting homologous recombination (HR) (PubMed:27153538), The NuA4 complex is also required for spermatid development by promoting acetylation of histones: histone acetylation is required for histone replacement during the transition from round to elongating spermatids (By similarity), In the NuA4 complex, EPC1 is required to recruit MBTD1 into the complex (PubMed:32209463)

Belongs to the enhancer of polycomb family


This is Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid symporter 1 protein, from Human, contains 487 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Symporter that cotransports short-chain neutral amino acids and sodium ions from the extraccellular to the intracellular side of the cell membrane (PubMed:20599747, PubMed:10891391), The transport is elctrogenic, pH dependent and driven by the Na(+) electrochemical gradient (PubMed:10891391), Participates in the astroglia-derived glutamine transport into GABAergic interneurons for neurotransmitter GABA de novo synthesis (By similarity), May also contributes to amino acid transport in placental trophoblasts (PubMed:20599747), Also regulates synaptic plasticity (PubMed:12388062)

Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family


This is Phosducin-like protein 3 protein, from Human, contains 239 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Acts as a chaperone for the angiogenic VEGF receptor KDR/VEGFR2, increasing its abundance by inhibiting its ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:23792958, PubMed:26059764), Inhibits the folding activity of the chaperonin-containing T-complex (CCT) which leads to inhibition of cytoskeletal actin folding (PubMed:17429077), Acts as a chaperone during heat shock alongside HSP90 and HSP40/70 chaperone complexes (By similarity), Modulates the activation of caspases during apoptosis (PubMed:15371430)


This is Zinc finger protein Eos protein, from Human, contains 585 amino acids, has 6 C2H2-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

DNA-binding protein that binds to the 5'GGGAATRCC-3' Ikaros-binding sequence, Transcriptional repressor, Interacts with SPI1 and MITF to repress transcription of the CTSK and ACP5 promoters via recruitment of corepressors SIN3A and CTBP2, May be involved in the development of central and peripheral nervous systems, Essential for the inhibitory function of regulatory T-cells (Treg), Mediates FOXP3-mediated gene silencing in regulatory T-cells (Treg) via recruitment of corepressor CTBP1 (By similarity)

Belongs to the Ikaros C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family


This is Protein spinster homolog 1 protein, from Human, contains 528 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Mitochondrion.

Plays a critical role in the phospholipid salvage pathway from lysosomes to the cytosol (PubMed:36161949), Mediates the rate-limiting, proton-dependent, lysosomal efflux of lysophospholipids, which can then be reacylated by acyltransferases in the endoplasmic reticulum to form phospholipids (PubMed:36161949), Selective for zwitterionic headgroups such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), can also transport lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG), but not other anionic lysophospholipids, sphingosine, nor sphingomyelin (PubMed:36161949), Transports lysophospholipids with saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, respectively (PubMed:36161949), Can also transport lysoplasmalogen (LPC with a fatty alcohol) such as 1-(1Z-hexadecenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PubMed:36161949), Essential player in lysosomal homeostasis (PubMed:36161949), May be involved in necrotic or autophagic cell death (PubMed:12815463)

Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily, Spinster (TC 2,A,1,49) family


This is Forkhead box protein P1 protein, from Human, contains 677 amino acids, has 1 C2H2-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

Involved in transcriptional regulation in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), Stimulates expression of transcription factors that are required for pluripotency and decreases expression of differentiation-associated genes, Has distinct DNA-binding specifities as compared to the canonical form and preferentially binds DNA with the sequence 5'-CGATACAA-3' (or closely related sequences) (PubMed:21924763), Promotes ESC self-renewal and pluripotency (By similarity)


This is Tumor protein 63 protein, from Human, contains 680 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Acts as a sequence specific DNA binding transcriptional activator or repressor, The isoforms contain a varying set of transactivation and auto-regulating transactivation inhibiting domains thus showing an isoform specific activity, Isoform 2 activates RIPK4 transcription, May be required in conjunction with TP73/p73 for initiation of p53/TP53 dependent apoptosis in response to genotoxic insults and the presence of activated oncogenes, Involved in Notch signaling by probably inducing JAG1 and JAG2, Plays a role in the regulation of epithelial morphogenesis, The ratio of DeltaN-type and TA*-type isoforms may govern the maintenance of epithelial stem cell compartments and regulate the initiation of epithelial stratification from the undifferentiated embryonal ectoderm, Required for limb formation from the apical ectodermal ridge, Activates transcription of the p21 promoter


This is BTB/POZ domain-containing adapter for CUL3-mediated RhoA degradation protein 3 protein, from Human, contains 313 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, The BCR(BACURD3) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex mediates the ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome (By similarity)


This is Growth hormone-inducible transmembrane protein protein, from Human, contains 345 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Mitochondrion.

Plays an important role in maintenance of mitochondrial morphology and in mediating either calcium or potassium/proton antiport (PubMed:18417609, PubMed:36321428, PubMed:32977469, PubMed:35912435), Mediates proton-dependent calcium efflux from mitochondrion (PubMed:36321428, PubMed:35912435), Functions also as an electroneutral mitochondrial proton/potassium exchanger (PubMed:36321428), Required for the mitochondrial tubular network and cristae organization (PubMed:18417609, PubMed:36321428, PubMed:32977469), Involved in apoptotic release of cytochrome c (PubMed:18417609), Inhibits the proteolytic activity of AFG3L2, stimulating respiration and stabilizing respiratory enzymes in actively respiring mitochondria (PubMed:36321428), However, when mitochondria become hyperpolarized, GHITM loses its inhibitory activity toward AFG3L2 and the now the active AFG3L2 turns first on GHITM and, if hyperpolarization persists, on other proteins of the mitochondria, leading to a broad remodeling of the mitochondrial proteome (PubMed:36321428)


This is Negative elongation factor A protein, from Human, contains 528 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

(Microbial infection) The NELF complex is involved in HIV-1 latency possibly involving recruitment of PCF11 to paused RNA polymerase II


This is Tyrosine-protein kinase Srms protein, from Human, contains 488 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase which phosphorylates DOK1 on tyrosine residues (PubMed:23822091), Also phosphorylates KHDRBS1/SAM68 and VIM on tyrosine residues (PubMed:29496907), Phosphorylation of KHDRBS1 is EGF-dependent (PubMed:29496907)

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, SRC subfamily


This is Kinetochore-associated protein DSN1 homolog protein, from Human, contains 356 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Part of the MIS12 complex which is required for normal chromosome alignment and segregation and kinetochore formation during mitosis


This is F-box/LRR-repeat protein 15 protein, from Human, contains 300 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of SMURF1, thereby acting as a positive regulator of the BMP signaling pathway, Required for dorsal/ventral pattern formation and bone mass maintenance, Also mediates ubiquitination of SMURF2 and WWP2


This is Golgi phosphoprotein 3-like protein, from Human, contains 285 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.

Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate-binding protein that may antagonize the action of GOLPH3 which is required for the process of vesicle budding at the Golgi and anterograde transport to the plasma membrane


This is tRNA N6-adenosine threonylcarbamoyltransferase, mitochondrial protein, from Human, contains 414 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

Required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in mitochondrial tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine, Probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37, Involved in mitochondrial genome maintenance


This is Tubulin beta-1 chain protein, from Human, contains 451 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers, Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms, Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin


This is Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 protein, from Human, contains 154 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.


This is Protein FAM83D protein, from Human, contains 585 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Through the degradation of FBXW7, may act indirectly on the expression and downstream signaling of MTOR, JUN and MYC (PubMed:24344117), May play also a role in cell proliferation through activation of the ERK1/ERK2 signaling cascade (PubMed:25646692), May also be important for proper chromosome congression and alignment during mitosis through its interaction with KIF22 (PubMed:18485706)


This is Zinc fingers and homeoboxes protein 3 protein, from Human, contains 956 amino acids, has 2 C2H2-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

Acts as a transcriptional repressor, Involved in the early stages of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenic differentiation, Is a regulator of podocyte gene expression during primary glomerula disease, Binds to promoter DNA


This is Essential MCU regulator, mitochondrial protein, from Human, contains 107 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Mitochondrion.

Essential regulatory subunit of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (uniplex), a complex that mediates calcium uptake into mitochondria (PubMed:24231807, PubMed:26774479, PubMed:27099988), Required to bridge the calcium-sensing proteins MICU1 and MICU2 with the calcium-conducting subunit MCU (PubMed:24231807), Plays a central role in regulating the uniplex complex response to intracellular calcium signaling (PubMed:27099988), Acts by mediating activation of MCU and retention of MICU1 to the MCU pore, in order to ensure tight regulation of the uniplex complex and appropriate responses to intracellular calcium signaling (PubMed:27099988)


This is PR domain zinc finger protein 12 protein, from Human, contains 367 amino acids, has 3 C2H2-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

Involved in the positive regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation


This is mRNA (2'-O-methyladenosine-N(6)-)-methyltransferase protein, from Human, contains 704 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Cap-specific adenosine methyltransferase that catalyzes formation of N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)) by methylating the adenosine at the second transcribed position of capped mRNAs (PubMed:30467178, PubMed:30487554, PubMed:31279658, PubMed:31279659, PubMed:33428944), Recruited to the early elongation complex of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) via interaction with POLR2A and mediates formation of m6A(m) co-transcriptionally (PubMed:30467178)


This is Cilia- and flagella-associated protein 68 protein, from Human, contains 150 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia axoneme, which is required for motile cilia beating


This is Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 6 protein, from Human, contains 265 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of the four reactions that constitute the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle, This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) per cycle, Condensing enzyme that elongates fatty acids with 12, 14 and 16 carbons with higher activity toward C16:0 acyl-CoAs, Catalyzes the synthesis of unsaturated C16 long chain fatty acids and, to a lesser extent, C18:0 and those with low desaturation degree, May participate in the production of saturated and monounsaturated VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators

Belongs to the ELO family, ELOVL6 subfamily


This is TATA box-binding protein-associated factor RNA polymerase I subunit D protein, from Human, contains 278 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, which is involved in the assembly of the PIC (preinitiation complex) during RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription, The rate of PIC formation probably is primarily dependent on the rate of association of SL1/TIF-IB with the rDNA promoter, SL1/TIF-IB is involved in stabilization of nucleolar transcription factor 1/UBTF on rDNA, Formation of SL1/TIF-IB excludes the association of TBP with TFIID subunits


This is Cytosolic iron-sulfur assembly component 2A protein, from Human, contains 160 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates the incorporation of iron-sulfur cluster into extramitochondrial Fe/S proteins (PubMed:23891004), As a CIA complex component and in collaboration with CIAO1 specifically matures ACO1 and stabilizes IREB2, connecting cytosolic iron-sulfur protein maturation with cellular iron regulation (PubMed:23891004), May play a role in chromosome segregation through establishment of sister chromatid cohesion, May induce apoptosis in collaboration with APAF1 (PubMed:25716227)


This is SLIT and NTRK-like protein 6 protein, from Human, contains 841 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Regulator of neurite outgrowth required for normal hearing and vision


This is Ribonuclease P protein subunit p21 protein, from Human, contains 154 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of ribonuclease P, a ribonucleoprotein complex that generates mature tRNA molecules by cleaving their 5'-ends

Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 4 family


This is CST complex subunit STN1 protein, from Human, contains 368 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of the CST complex, a complex that binds to single-stranded DNA and is required to protect telomeres from DNA degradation, The CST complex binds single-stranded DNA with high affinity in a sequence-independent manner, while isolated subunits bind DNA with low affinity by themselves, In addition to telomere protection, the CST complex has probably a more general role in DNA metabolism at non-telomeric sites


This is XK-related protein 8 protein, from Human, contains 395 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

(Microbial infection) Incorporated into Ebola virus-like particles, where its phospholipid scramblase activity is required to promote phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of viral particles (PubMed:29338048), Externalization of phosphatidylserine on the surface of viral particles is required for uptake by host cells (PubMed:29338048)


This is HAUS augmin-like complex subunit 4 protein, from Human, contains 363 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Contributes to mitotic spindle assembly, maintenance of centrosome integrity and completion of cytokinesis as part of the HAUS augmin-like complex


This is Speckle targeted PIP5K1A-regulated poly(A) polymerase protein, from Human, contains 874 amino acids, has 1 Matrin-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

Matrin-type

Poly(A) polymerase that creates the 3'-poly(A) tail of specific pre-mRNAs (PubMed:18288197, PubMed:21102410), Localizes to nuclear speckles together with PIP5K1A and mediates polyadenylation of a select set of mRNAs, such as HMOX1 (PubMed:18288197), In addition to polyadenylation, it is also required for the 3'-end cleavage of pre-mRNAs: binds to the 3'UTR of targeted pre-mRNAs and promotes the recruitment and assembly of the CPSF complex on the 3'UTR of pre-mRNAs (PubMed:21102410), In addition to adenylyltransferase activity, also has uridylyltransferase activity (PubMed:16790842, PubMed:18288197, PubMed:28589955), However, the ATP ratio is higher than UTP in cells, suggesting that it functions primarily as a poly(A) polymerase (PubMed:18288197), Acts as a specific terminal uridylyltransferase for U6 snRNA in vitro: responsible for a controlled elongation reaction that results in the restoration of the four 3'-terminal UMP-residues found in newly transcribed U6 snRNA (PubMed:16790842, PubMed:18288197, PubMed:28589955), Not involved in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation

Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B-like family


This is Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC6 protein, from Human, contains 413 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Endoplasmic reticulum palmitoyl acyltransferase that mediates palmitoylation of proteins such as AMFR, CALX, ITPR1 and TFRC (PubMed:22314232, PubMed:22728137, PubMed:25368151, PubMed:28826475), Palmitoylates calnexin (CALX), which is required for its association with the ribosome-translocon complex and efficient folding of glycosylated proteins (PubMed:22314232), Mediates palmitoylation of AMFR, promoting AMFR distribution to the peripheral endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:22728137), Together with SELENOK, palmitoylates ITPR1 in immune cells, leading to regulate ITPR1 stability and function (PubMed:25368151), Stearoyltransferase that mediates stearoylation of TFRC to inhibit TFRC-mediated activation of the JNK pathway and mitochondrial fragmentation (PubMed:26214738)

Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family


This is 5-azacytidine-induced protein 2 protein, from Human, contains 392 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Adapter protein which binds TBK1 and IKBKE playing a role in antiviral innate immunity (PubMed:14560022, PubMed:21931631), Activates serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 and facilitates its oligomerization (PubMed:14560022, PubMed:21931631), Enhances the phosphorylation of NF-kappa-B p65 subunit RELA by TBK1 (PubMed:14560022, PubMed:21931631), Promotes TBK1-induced as well as TNF-alpha or PMA-induced activation of NF-kappa-B (PubMed:14560022, PubMed:21931631), Participates in IFNB promoter activation via TICAM1 (PubMed:15611223)


This is Epidermal growth factor receptor kinase substrate 8-like protein 2 protein, from Human, contains 715 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Stimulates guanine exchange activity of SOS1, May play a role in membrane ruffling and remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, In the cochlea, is required for stereocilia maintenance in adult hair cells (By similarity)


This is Epithelial splicing regulatory protein 2 protein, from Human, contains 727 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

mRNA splicing factor that regulates the formation of epithelial cell-specific isoforms, Specifically regulates the expression of FGFR2-IIIb, an epithelial cell-specific isoform of FGFR2, Also regulates the splicing of CD44, CTNND1, ENAH, 3 transcripts that undergo changes in splicing during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), Acts by directly binding specific sequences in mRNAs, Binds the GU-rich sequence motifs in the ISE/ISS-3, a cis-element regulatory region present in the mRNA of FGFR2


This is SH2 domain-containing protein 4A protein, from Human, contains 454 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Inhibits estrogen-induced cell proliferation by competing with PLCG for binding to ESR1, blocking the effect of estrogen on PLCG and repressing estrogen-induced proliferation, May play a role in T-cell development and function


This is Ribosome production factor 2 homolog protein, from Human, contains 306 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Involved in ribosomal large subunit assembly, May regulate the localization of the 5S RNP/5S ribonucleoprotein particle to the nucleolus


This is WD repeat-containing protein 26 protein, from Human, contains 661 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

G-beta-like protein involved in cell signal transduction (PubMed:15378603, PubMed:19446606, PubMed:22065575, PubMed:23625927, PubMed:27098453, PubMed:26895380), Acts as a negative regulator in MAPK signaling pathway (PubMed:15378603), Functions as a scaffolding protein to promote G beta:gamma-mediated PLCB2 plasma membrane translocation and subsequent activation in leukocytes (PubMed:22065575, PubMed:23625927), Core component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that selectively accepts ubiquitin from UBE2H and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor HBP1 (PubMed:29911972), Acts as a negative regulator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway through preventing ubiquitination of beta-catenin CTNNB1 by the beta-catenin destruction complex, thus negatively regulating CTNNB1 degradation (PubMed:27098453), Serves as a scaffold to coordinate PI3K/AKT pathway-driven cell growth and migration (PubMed:26895380), Protects cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis via the down-regulation of AP-1 transcriptional activity as well as by inhibiting cytochrome c release from mitochondria (PubMed:19446606), Protects also cells by promoting hypoxia-mediated autophagy and mitophagy (By similarity)


This is Sin3 histone deacetylase corepressor complex component SDS3 protein, from Human, contains 328 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Regulatory protein which represses transcription and augments histone deacetylase activity of HDAC1, May have a potential role in tumor suppressor pathways through regulation of apoptosis, May function in the assembly and/or enzymatic activity of the mSin3A corepressor complex or in mediating interactions between the complex and other regulatory complexes


This is V-type immunoglobulin domain-containing suppressor of T-cell activation protein, from Human, contains 311 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Ig-like V-type

Immunoregulatory receptor which inhibits the T-cell response (PubMed:24691993), May promote differentiation of embryonic stem cells, by inhibiting BMP4 signaling (By similarity), May stimulate MMP14-mediated MMP2 activation (PubMed:20666777)


This is Aurora kinase A and ninein-interacting protein protein, from Human, contains 357 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

DNA-binding protein that accumulates at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) following DNA damage and promotes DNA resection and homologous recombination (PubMed:29042561), Serves as a sensor of DNA damage: binds DNA with a strong preference for DNA substrates that mimic structures generated at stalled replication forks, and anchors RBBP8/CtIP to DSB sites to promote DNA end resection and ensuing homologous recombination repair (PubMed:29042561), Inhibits non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) (PubMed:29042561), Required for the dynamic movement of AURKA at the centrosomes and spindle apparatus during the cell cycle (PubMed:20596670)


This is N-alpha-acetyltransferase 60 protein, from Human, contains 242 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.

N-alpha-acetyltransferase that specifically mediates the acetylation of N-terminal residues of the transmembrane proteins, with a strong preference for N-termini facing the cytosol (PubMed:25732826), Displays N-terminal acetyltransferase activity towards a range of N-terminal sequences including those starting with Met-Lys, Met-Val, Met-Ala and Met-Met (PubMed:21750686, PubMed:25732826, PubMed:27550639, PubMed:27320834), Required for normal chromosomal segregation during anaphase (PubMed:21750686), May also show histone acetyltransferase activity; such results are however unclear in vivo and would require additional experimental evidences (PubMed:21981917)

Belongs to the acetyltransferase family, NAA60 subfamily


This is Histone acetyltransferase KAT8 protein, from Human, contains 458 amino acids, has 1 C2HC MYST-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

C2HC MYST-type

Histone acetyltransferase which may be involved in transcriptional activation (PubMed:12397079, PubMed:22020126), May influence the function of ATM (PubMed:15923642), As part of the MSL complex it is involved in acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 producing specifically H4K16ac (PubMed:16227571, PubMed:16543150, PubMed:21217699, PubMed:22547026, PubMed:22020126), As part of the NSL complex it may be involved in acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 on several lysine residues (PubMed:20018852, PubMed:22547026), That activity is less specific than the one of the MSL complex (PubMed:20018852, PubMed:22547026), Can also acetylate TP53/p53 at 'Lys-120'


This is Phosphorylated adapter RNA export protein protein, from Human, contains 394 amino acids, locates in Cytoplasm.

A phosphoprotein adapter involved in the XPO1-mediated U snRNA export from the nucleus, Bridge components required for U snRNA export, the cap binding complex (CBC)-bound snRNA on the one hand and the GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form together with the export receptor XPO1 on the other, Its phosphorylation in the nucleus is required for U snRNA export complex assembly and export, while its dephosphorylation in the cytoplasm causes export complex disassembly, It is recycled back to the nucleus via the importin alpha/beta heterodimeric import receptor, The directionality of nuclear export is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus, Its compartmentalized phosphorylation cycle may also contribute to the directionality of export, Binds strongly to m7G-capped U1 and U5 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) in a sequence-unspecific manner and phosphorylation-independent manner (By similarity), Also plays a role in the biogenesis of U3 small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), Involved in the U3 snoRNA transport from nucleoplasm to Cajal bodies, Binds strongly to m7G-capped U3, U8 and U13 precursor snoRNAs and weakly to trimethylated (TMG)-capped U3, U8 and U13 snoRNAs, Binds also to telomerase RNA


This is Complex I assembly factor ACAD9, mitochondrial protein, from Human, contains 621 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

As part of the MCIA complex, primarily participates in the assembly of the mitochondrial complex I and therefore plays a role in oxidative phosphorylation (PubMed:20816094, PubMed:24158852, PubMed:32320651), This moonlighting protein has also a dehydrogenase activity toward a broad range of substrates with greater specificity for long-chain unsaturated acyl-CoAs (PubMed:12359260, PubMed:16020546, PubMed:21237683, PubMed:24158852), However, in vivo, it does not seem to play a primary role in fatty acid oxidation (PubMed:20816094, PubMed:24158852), In addition, the function in complex I assembly is independent of the dehydrogenase activity of the protein (PubMed:24158852)

Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family


This is Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX31 protein, from Human, contains 851 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase (By similarity), Plays a role in ribosome biogenesis and TP53/p53 regulation through its interaction with NPM1 (PubMed:23019224)

Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family, DDX31/DBP7 subfamily


This is Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase MINDY-3 protein, from Human, contains 445 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Hydrolase that can remove 'Lys-48'-linked conjugated ubiquitin from proteins

Belongs to the MINDY deubiquitinase family, FAM188 subfamily


This is Actin-related protein 8 protein, from Human, contains 624 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Proposed core component of the chromatin remodeling INO80 complex which is involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA replication and probably DNA repair, Required for the recruitment of INO80 (and probably the INO80 complex) to sites of DNA damage, Strongly prefer nucleosomes and H3-H4 tetramers over H2A-H2B dimers, suggesting it may act as a nucleosome recognition module within the complex

Belongs to the actin family, ARP8 subfamily


This is RecQ-mediated genome instability protein 1 protein, from Human, contains 625 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Essential component of the RMI complex, a complex that plays an important role in the processing of homologous recombination intermediates to limit DNA crossover formation in cells, Promotes TOP3A binding to double Holliday junctions (DHJ) and hence stimulates TOP3A-mediated dissolution, Required for BLM phosphorylation during mitosis, Within the BLM complex, required for BLM and TOP3A stability


This is Zinc finger protein 408 protein, from Human, contains 720 amino acids, has 10 C2H2-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

May be involved in transcriptional regulation


This is Protein argonaute-3 protein, from Human, contains 860 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Required for RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi), Binds to short RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and represses the translation of mRNAs which are complementary to them, Proposed to be involved in stabilization of small RNA derivates (siRNA) derived from processed RNA polymerase III-transcribed Alu repeats containing a DR2 retinoic acid response element (RARE) in stem cells and in the subsequent siRNA-dependent degradation of a subset of RNA polymerase II-transcribed coding mRNAs by recruiting a mRNA decapping complex involving EDC4, Possesses RNA slicer activity but only on select RNAs bearing 5'- and 3'-flanking sequences to the region of guide-target complementarity (PubMed:29040713)

Belongs to the argonaute family, Ago subfamily


This is KAT8 regulatory NSL complex subunit 2 protein, from Human, contains 492 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

As part of the NSL complex it is involved in acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 on several lysine residues and therefore may be involved in the regulation of transcription


This is Akirin-1 protein, from Human, contains 192 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Molecular adapter that acts as a bridge between proteins, and which is involved skeletal muscle development (By similarity), Functions as signal transducer for MSTN during skeletal muscle regeneration and myogenesis (By similarity), May regulate chemotaxis of both macrophages and myoblasts by reorganising actin cytoskeleton, leading to more efficient lamellipodia formation via a PI3 kinase dependent pathway (By similarity), In contrast to AKIRIN2, not involved in nuclear import of proteasomes (PubMed:34711951)


This is Non-homologous end-joining factor 1 protein, from Human, contains 299 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

DNA repair protein involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ); required for double-strand break (DSB) repair and V(D)J recombination (PubMed:16439204, PubMed:16439205, PubMed:17717001, PubMed:17317666, PubMed:17470781, PubMed:18644470, PubMed:20558749, PubMed:26100018, PubMed:18158905), Plays a key role in NHEJ by promoting the ligation of various mismatched and non-cohesive ends (PubMed:17717001, PubMed:17470781, PubMed:19056826), Together with PAXX, collaborates with DNA polymerase lambda (POLL) to promote joining of non-cohesive DNA ends (PubMed:30250067, PubMed:25670504), May act in concert with XRCC5-XRCC6 (Ku) to stimulate XRCC4-mediated joining of blunt ends and several types of mismatched ends that are non-complementary or partially complementary (PubMed:16439204, PubMed:16439205, PubMed:17317666, PubMed:17470781), Associates with XRCC4 to form alternating helical filaments that bridge DNA and act like a bandage, holding together the broken DNA until it is repaired (PubMed:22228831, PubMed:26100018, PubMed:28500754, PubMed:27437582, PubMed:21775435, PubMed:22287571, PubMed:21768349), The XRCC4-NHEJ1/XLF subcomplex binds to the DNA fragments of a DSB in a highly diffusive manner and robustly bridges two independent DNA molecules, holding the broken DNA fragments in close proximity to one other (PubMed:28500754, PubMed:27437582), The mobility of the bridges ensures that the ends remain accessible for further processing by other repair factors (PubMed:27437582), Binds DNA in a length-dependent manner (PubMed:17317666, PubMed:18158905)

Belongs to the XRCC4-XLF family, XLF subfamily


This is Zinc finger matrin-type protein 3 protein, from Human, contains 289 amino acids, has 3 Matrin-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

Matrin-type

Matrin-type

Matrin-type

Acts as a bona fide target gene of p53/TP53, May play a role in the TP53-dependent growth regulatory pathway, May contribute to TP53-mediated apoptosis by regulation of TP53 expression and translocation to the nucleus and nucleolus


This is Solute carrier family 52, riboflavin transporter, member 2 protein, from Human, contains 445 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

(Microbial infection) In case of infection by retroviruses, acts as a cell receptor to retroviral envelopes similar to the porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV-A)

Belongs to the riboflavin transporter family


This is Nicotinamide/nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 protein, from Human, contains 279 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Catalyzes the formation of NAD(+) from nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and ATP (PubMed:17402747), Can also use the deamidated form; nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NaMN) as substrate with the same efficiency (PubMed:17402747), Can use triazofurin monophosphate (TrMP) as substrate (PubMed:17402747), Also catalyzes the reverse reaction, i,e, the pyrophosphorolytic cleavage of NAD(+) (PubMed:17402747), For the pyrophosphorolytic activity, prefers NAD(+) and NaAD as substrates and degrades NADH, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NHD) and nicotinamide guanine dinucleotide (NGD) less effectively (PubMed:17402747), Involved in the synthesis of ATP in the nucleus, together with PARP1, PARG and NUDT5 (PubMed:27257257), Nuclear ATP generation is required for extensive chromatin remodeling events that are energy-consuming (PubMed:27257257), Also acts as a cofactor for glutamate and aspartate ADP-ribosylation by directing PARP1 catalytic activity to glutamate and aspartate residues on histones (By similarity), Fails to cleave phosphorylated dinucleotides NADP(+), NADPH and NaADP(+) (PubMed:17402747), Protects against axonal degeneration following mechanical or toxic insults (By similarity)

Belongs to the eukaryotic NMN adenylyltransferase family


This is MLX-interacting protein protein, from Human, contains 919 amino acids, locates in Cytoplasm.

Binds DNA as a heterodimer with MLX and activates transcription, Binds to the canonical E box sequence 5'-CACGTG-3', Plays a role in transcriptional activation of glycolytic target genes, Involved in glucose-responsive gene regulation


This is Transcription factor IIIB 50 kDa subunit protein, from Human, contains 419 amino acids, has 1 TFIIB-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

TFIIB-type

General activator of RNA polymerase III transcription, Factor exclusively required for RNA polymerase III transcription of genes with promoter elements upstream of the initiation sites (PubMed:11040218, PubMed:11121026, PubMed:11564744, PubMed:26638071), Contributes to the regulation of gene expression; functions as activator in the absence of oxidative stress (PubMed:26638071), Down-regulates expression of target genes in response to oxidative stress (PubMed:26638071), Overexpression protects cells against apoptosis in response to oxidative stress (PubMed:26638071)


This is Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 3 protein, from Human, contains 270 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of the four reactions that constitute the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle, This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) per cycle, Condensing enzyme that exhibits activity toward saturated and unsaturated acyl-CoA substrates with higher activity toward C18 acyl-CoAs, especially C18:0 acyl-CoAs, May participate in the production of saturated and monounsaturated VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators

Belongs to the ELO family, ELOVL3 subfamily


This is Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family A member 3 protein, from Human, contains 300 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.

Plays a role in regulation of vesicular cargo transport from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the plasma membrane (PubMed:15107860), Regulates Golgi phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) levels and activates the PtdIns(4)P phosphatase activity of SACM1L when it binds PtdIns(4)P in 'trans' configuration (PubMed:30659099), Binds preferentially to PtdIns(4)P (PubMed:11001876, PubMed:15107860), Negatively regulates APOB secretion from hepatocytes (PubMed:30659099)


This is Sp110 nuclear body protein protein, from Human, contains 689 amino acids, has 1 PHD-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

PHD-type

Transcription factor, May be a nuclear hormone receptor coactivator, Enhances transcription of genes with retinoic acid response elements (RARE)


This is Netrin-4 protein, from Human, contains 628 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

May play an important role in neural, kidney and vascular development, Promotes neurite elongation from olfactory bulb explants


This is RNA polymerase II elongation factor ELL3 protein, from Human, contains 397 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Enhancer-binding elongation factor that specifically binds enhancers in embryonic stem cells (ES cells), marks them, and is required for their future activation during stem cell specification, Does not only bind to enhancer regions of active genes, but also marks the enhancers that are in a poised or inactive state in ES cells and is required for establishing proper RNA polymerase II occupancy at developmentally regulated genes in a cohesin-dependent manner, Probably required for priming developmentally regulated genes for later recruitment of the super elongation complex (SEC), for transcriptional activation during differentiation, Required for recruitment of P-TEFb within SEC during differentiation, Probably preloaded on germ cell chromatin, suggesting that it may prime gene activation by marking enhancers as early as in the germ cells, Promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (By similarity), Elongation factor component of the super elongation complex (SEC), a complex required to increase the catalytic rate of RNA polymerase II transcription by suppressing transient pausing by the polymerase at multiple sites along the DNA, Component of the little elongation complex (LEC), a complex required to regulate small nuclear RNA (snRNA) gene transcription by RNA polymerase II and III (PubMed:22195968)


This is Fanconi anemia group E protein protein, from Human, contains 536 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

As part of the Fanconi anemia (FA) complex functions in DNA cross-links repair, Required for the nuclear accumulation of FANCC and provides a critical bridge between the FA complex and FANCD2


This is POZ-, AT hook-, and zinc finger-containing protein 1 protein, from Human, contains 687 amino acids, has 7 C2H2-type Zinc finger, locates in Nucleus.

(Microbial infection) Plays a positive role in viral cDNA synthesis

Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family


This is Interleukin-21 protein, from Human, contains 162 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Extracellular.

Cytokine with immunoregulatory activity, May promote the transition between innate and adaptive immunity, Induces the production of IgG(1) and IgG(3) in B-cells (By similarity), Implicated in the generation and maintenance of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the formation of germinal-centers, Together with IL6, control the early generation of Tfh cells and are critical for an effective antibody response to acute viral infection (By similarity), May play a role in proliferation and maturation of natural killer (NK) cells in synergy with IL15, May regulate proliferation of mature B- and T-cells in response to activating stimuli, In synergy with IL15 and IL18 stimulates interferon gamma production in T-cells and NK cells (PubMed:11081504, PubMed:15178704), During T-cell mediated immune response may inhibit dendritic cells (DC) activation and maturation (By similarity)


This is Cytochrome P450 4F11 protein, from Human, contains 524 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Endoplasmic reticulum.

A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids and their oxygenated derivatives (oxylipins) (PubMed:24138531, PubMed:15364545, PubMed:18065749), Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:15364545, PubMed:18065749, PubMed:24138531), Catalyzes with high efficiency the oxidation of the terminal carbon (omega-oxidation) of 3-hydroxy fatty acids, such as 3-hydroxyhexadecanoic and 3-hydroxyoctadecanoic acids, likely participating in the biosynthesis of long-chain 3-hydroxydicarboxylic acids (PubMed:18065749, PubMed:19932081), Omega-hydroxylates and inactivates phylloquinone (vitamin K1), and menaquinone-4 (MK-4, a form of vitamin K2), both acting as cofactors in blood coagulation (PubMed:24138531), Metabolizes with low efficiciency fatty acids, including (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid (arachidonate) and its oxygenated metabolite 8-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (8-HETE) (PubMed:15364545, PubMed:19932081), Catalyzes N- and O-demethylation of drugs such as erythromycin, benzphetamine, ethylmorphine, chlorpromazine, imipramine and verapamil (PubMed:15364545)


This is Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L4 protein, from Human, contains 690 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Endothelial orphan receptor that acts as a key regulator of angiogenesis

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family, Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily


This is Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 6 protein, from Human, contains 967 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Receptor for R-spondins that potentiates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and acts as a marker of multipotent stem cells in the epidermis, Upon binding to R-spondins (RSPO1, RSPO2, RSPO3 or RSPO4), associates with phosphorylated LRP6 and frizzled receptors that are activated by extracellular Wnt receptors, triggering the canonical Wnt signaling pathway to increase expression of target genes, In contrast to classical G-protein coupled receptors, does not activate heterotrimeric G-proteins to transduce the signal, May act as a tumor suppressor

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family


This is Relaxin receptor 1 protein, from Human, contains 757 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Receptor for relaxins, The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins leading to stimulation of adenylate cyclase and an increase of cAMP, Binding of the ligand may also activate a tyrosine kinase pathway that inhibits the activity of a phosphodiesterase that degrades cAMP


This is Protein lifeguard 4 protein, from Human, contains 238 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Golgi apparatus.

Anti-apoptotic protein which can inhibit apoptosis induced by intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic stimuli, Can modulate both capacitative Ca2+ entry and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-mediated Ca2+ release

Belongs to the BI1 family, LFG subfamily


This is rRNA methyltransferase 3, mitochondrial protein, from Human, contains 420 amino acids, locates in Mitochondrion.

S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of 2'-O-methylguanosine at position 1370 (Gm1370) in the 16S mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA (mtLSU rRNA), a conserved modification in the peptidyl transferase domain of the mtLSU rRNA

Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily, RNA methyltransferase TrmH family


This is Chromobox protein homolog 8 protein, from Human, contains 389 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development, PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility


This is Sentrin-specific protease 2 protein, from Human, contains 589 amino acids, locates in Cytoplasm.

Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway (PubMed:11896061, PubMed:12192048, PubMed:20194620, PubMed:21965678, PubMed:15296745), The first is the hydrolysis of an alpha-linked peptide bond at the C-terminal end of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) propeptides, SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 leading to the mature form of the proteins (PubMed:15296745), The second is the deconjugation of SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins, by cleaving an epsilon-linked peptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of the mature SUMO and the lysine epsilon-amino group of the target protein (PubMed:20194620, PubMed:21965678, PubMed:15296745), May down-regulate CTNNB1 levels and thereby modulate the Wnt pathway (By similarity), Deconjugates SUMO2 from MTA1 (PubMed:21965678), Plays a dynamic role in adipogenesis by desumoylating and promoting the stabilization of CEBPB (PubMed:20194620), Acts as a regulator of the cGAS-STING pathway by catalyzing desumoylation of CGAS and STING1 during the late phase of viral infection (By similarity)


This is G-protein coupled receptor 35 protein, from Human, contains 309 amino acids, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Acts as a receptor for kynurenic acid, an intermediate in the tryptophan metabolic pathway, The activity of this receptor is mediated by G-proteins that elicit calcium mobilization and inositol phosphate production through G(qi/o) proteins


This is N6-adenosine-methyltransferase non-catalytic subunit protein, from Human, contains 456 amino acids, locates in Nucleus.

The METTL3-METTL14 heterodimer forms a N6-methyltransferase complex that methylates adenosine residues at the N(6) position of some mRNAs and regulates the circadian clock, differentiation of embryonic stem cells and cortical neurogenesis (PubMed:24316715, PubMed:24407421, PubMed:25719671, PubMed:29348140, PubMed:27373337, PubMed:27281194), In the heterodimer formed with METTL3, METTL14 constitutes the RNA-binding scaffold that recognizes the substrate rather than the catalytic core (PubMed:27627798, PubMed:27373337, PubMed:27281194, PubMed:29348140), N6-methyladenosine (m6A), which takes place at the 5'-[AG]GAC-3' consensus sites of some mRNAs, plays a role in mRNA stability and processing (PubMed:24316715, PubMed:24407421, PubMed:25719671), M6A acts as a key regulator of mRNA stability by promoting mRNA destabilization and degradation (By similarity), In embryonic stem cells (ESCs), m6A methylation of mRNAs encoding key naive pluripotency-promoting transcripts results in transcript destabilization (By similarity), M6A regulates spermatogonial differentiation and meiosis and is essential for male fertility and spermatogenesis (By similarity), M6A also regulates cortical neurogenesis: m6A methylation of transcripts related to transcription factors, neural stem cells, the cell cycle and neuronal differentiation during brain development promotes their destabilization and decay, promoting differentiation of radial glial cells (By similarity)


This is Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 4C protein, from Human, contains 640 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain, is membrane-bound, locates in Cell membrane.

Ig-like C2-type

May promote neurite outgrowth of developing thalamic neurons


This is Protein argonaute-4 protein, from Human, contains 861 amino acids, is soluble, locates in Cytoplasm.

Required for RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi), Binds to short RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and represses the translation of mRNAs which are complementary to them, Lacks endonuclease activity and does not appear to cleave target mRNAs, Also required for RNA-directed transcription and replication of the human hapatitis delta virus (HDV)


This is GPN-loop GTPase 1 protein, from Human, contains 374 amino acids, locates in Cytoplasm.

Small GTPase required for proper nuclear import of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) (PubMed:20855544, PubMed:21768307), May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import (PubMed:21768307), Forms an interface between the RNA polymerase II enzyme and chaperone/scaffolding proteins, suggesting that it is required to connect RNA polymerase II to regulators of protein complex formation (PubMed:17643375), May be involved in nuclear localization of XPA (PubMed:11058119)