Q: What is caused by atoms or ions when they share or transfer valance electrons?


Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers:

No, not all birds can fly. And not all birds have wings. This penguin is a good example. Their wings have evolved into flippers, adapted for swimming instead of flying. The kiwi of New Zealand is another bird without wings.

 Choices:

- loss of charge

- gain of charge

- force of repulsion

- force of attraction


A:
force of attraction