Powering an electrical device with a battery requires a path for electricity to flow through a closed circuit, and an electrical current is a flow of electrons. Given these facts, powering a device with a battery requires a path for electrons to flow through   among the following options:
- electromagnetic energy
 - direct energy
 - rays or beams
 - hydrogen and oxygen
 - heat energy
 - a closed circuit
 - kinetic energy
 - an object


 

      a closed circuit   