HHS-Official/mesh-2025-update-update-all-fields-report

Year int64 2.02k 2.03k	UI stringlengths 7 10	UPDATED_FIELD stringclasses 13 values	REPLACED_VALUE stringlengths 1 912	REPLACEMENT_VALUE stringlengths 1 910	NOTES stringclasses 19 values
2,025	D000078625	MS	The act or practice of killing or withholding life-sustaining treatment from a person with a medical condition, especially DISABLED PERSONS, without INFORMED CONSENT, despite the MENTAL COMPETENCY of the person to give consent.	The act or practice of killing or withholding life-sustaining treatment from a person with a medical condition, especially PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES, without INFORMED CONSENT, despite the MENTAL COMPETENCY of the person to give consent.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000079262	NM	Obesity, Maternal	Pregnancy in Obesity	Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000079262	MS	BODY MASS INDEX in PREGNANT WOMEN that is excessively above the recommended cut-off.	BODY MASS INDEX in PREGNANT PEOPLE that is excessively above the recommended cut-off.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000079262	HN	2020	2025 (2020)	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000079262	PM	2020	2025; see OBESITY, MATERNAL 2020-2024	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000080057	MS	A species of conifers commonly referred to as "pine", but does not belong in the genus Pinus. Araucaria angustifolia is widely distributed in Brazil and Argentina.	A species of conifers commonly referred to as pine, but does not belong in the genus Pinus. Araucaria angustifolia is widely distributed in Brazil and Argentina.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000080183	MS	Those individuals with INTERSEX CONDITIONS, with or without a desire to undergo SEX REASSIGNMENT PROCEDURES.	Those individuals with INTERSEX CONDITIONS, with or without a desire to undergo GENDER-AFFIRMING PROCEDURES.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000081822	MS	Dogs trained to serve as guides for blind or visually impaired persons.	Dogs trained to serve as guides for blind or PERSONS WITH VISUAL DISABILITIES.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000084002	NM	Tinea cruris	Tinea Cruris	Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000084662	MS	A species of Chytridiomycota fungi that is the causative agent of chytridiomycosis in amphibians.	A species of Chytridiomycota fungi that is the causative agent of CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS IN AMPHIBIANS.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000085703	MS	Animals that provide emotional or therapeutic support to persons with mental disabilities or disorders. The designation "emotional support animal" requires a recommendation letter from a licensed psychologist or therapist, and provides some legal protections for the animal to live and travel with its owner.	Animals that provide emotional or therapeutic support to PERSONS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES or disorders. The designation emotional support animal requires a recommendation letter from a licensed psychologist or therapist, and provides some legal protections for the animal to live and travel with its owner.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000086382	MS	A viral disorder generally characterized by high FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN; HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. In severe cases, a myriad of coagulopathy associated symptoms often correlating with COVID-19 severity is seen (e.g., BLOOD COAGULATION; THROMBOSIS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME; SEIZURES; HEART ATTACK; STROKE; multiple CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS; KIDNEY FAILURE; catastrophic ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME and/or DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION). In younger patients, rare inflammatory syndromes are sometimes associated with COVID-19 (e.g., atypical KAWASAKI SYNDROME; TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME; pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease; and CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME). A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, in the genus BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent.	A viral disorder generally characterized by high FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN; HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 VIRUS, in the genus BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000089122	MS	Fathers initially aged less than 19 years at the time of child's birth.	Fathers initially aged less than 19 years at the time of their child's birth.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000091182	MS	Traditional concepts of medicine and associated methods reflected in medicine in PERSIA.	Concepts of medicine and associated methods reflected in traditional Iranian medicine.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000091182	NM	Medicine, Persian	Medicine, Iranian Traditional	Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000092183	MS	A hypertrophic cardiomyopathy characterized by apical hypertrophy, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY (described as "ace of spades" sign), and deep T-wave inversions in EKG. Clinical symptoms include minor symptoms such as CHEST PAIN; DYSPNEA; and SYNCOPE to more complex symptoms such as ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE. A transient left ventricular apical hypertrophy is sometimes associated with TAKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY.	A hypertrophic cardiomyopathy characterized by apical hypertrophy, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY (described as ace of spades sign), and deep T-wave inversions in EKG. Clinical symptoms include minor symptoms such as CHEST PAIN; DYSPNEA; and SYNCOPE to more complex symptoms such as ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE. A transient left ventricular apical hypertrophy is sometimes associated with TAKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000093102	MS	A device ridden while seated that usually has three or four wheels, is typically propelled by an electric motor, and is used by those with limited or impaired mobility.	A device ridden while seated that is typically propelled by an electric motor, and is used by those with limited or impaired mobility.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000094024	MS	Post acute stage of COVID-19 virus infection. Persistent symptoms may include FATIGUE; DYSPNEA; and MEMORY LOSS.	Post acute stage of COVID-19 virus infection including signs, symptoms, and conditions that continue or develop after acute COVID-19 infection. Persistent symptoms may include FATIGUE; DYSPNEA; and MEMORY LOSS.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000095188	MS	Persons having origins in any of PACIFIC ISLANDS. Note that OMB category NATIVE HAWAIIAN OR OTHER PACIFIC ISLANDER is available for United States population groups. Race and ethnicity terms, as used in the federal government, are self-identified social construct and may include terms outdated and offensive in MeSH to assist users who are interested in retrieving comprehensive search results for studies such as in longitudinal studies.	Persons having origins in any of PACIFIC ISLANDS. Note that OMB category NATIVE HAWAIIAN OR PACIFIC ISLANDER is available for United States population groups. Race and ethnicity terms, as used in the federal government, are self-identified social construct and may include terms outdated and offensive in MeSH to assist users who are interested in retrieving comprehensive search results for studies such as in longitudinal studies.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000095283	HN	2023	2023(1963)	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000095494	MS	Psychoanalytic theory begun by Jacques Lacan as a philosophical linguistic re-interpretation of Freud's original teachings.	Psychoanalytic theory begun by Jacques Lacan as a philosophical linguistic re-interpretation of Freud's original teachings (see FREUDIAN THEORY).	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000095982	HN	2024	2025(2024)	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000095982	PM	2024	2025(2024)	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000096283	MS	The emigration or immigration of individuals who have received advanced training at home. The net benefits of human capital flight for the receiving country are sometimes referred to as a "brain gain" whereas the costs for the sending country are sometimes referred to as a "brain drain".	The emigration or immigration of individuals who have received advanced training at home. The net benefits of human capital flight for the receiving country are sometimes referred to as a brain gain whereas the costs for the sending country are sometimes referred to as a brain drain.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000097623	PM	2024	2024; CEFPODOXIME was indexed under CEFTIZOXIME 1987-2024	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000097623	HN	2024	2024 (1987)	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000097867	MS	Anesthesia methods that are used for neurologic medical procedures.	Anesthesia method that deals with the complexities of the physiology and pharmacology of the nervous system when providing anesthesia for patients undergoing neurological procedures.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000350	MS	The geographical area of Africa comprising CAMEROON; CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC; CHAD; CONGO; DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO; EQUATORIAL GUINEA; GABON; and SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE.	The geographical area of Africa comprising CAMEROON; CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC; CHAD; CONGO; DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO; EQUATORIAL GUINEA; GABON; RWANDA.and SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000351	MS	The geographical area of Africa comprising BURUNDI, DJIBOUTI, ERITREA, ETHIOPIA, KENYA, RWANDA, SOMALIA, SOUTH SUDAN, SUDAN, TANZANIA, and UGANDA.	The geographical area of Africa comprising BURUNDI, DJIBOUTI, ERITREA, ETHIOPIA, KENYA, SOMALIA, SOUTH SUDAN, SUDAN, TANZANIA, and UGANDA.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000437	AN	human and animal; note entry term ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION, CHRONIC: do not coordinate with CHRONIC DISEASE; available also are BINGE DRINKING, DRUNKENNESS see ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION and ALCOHOLICS; acute alcoholic intoxication = ETHANOL /‌pois; consider also ALCOHOL-INDUCED DISORDERS and specifics; index other complications of alcoholism under ALCOHOLISM /‌compl + disease /‌etiol not /‌chem ind; abstinence from alcohol in alcoholism: coordinate with TEMPERANCE	human and animal; note entry term ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION, CHRONIC: do not coordinate with CHRONIC DISEASE; available also are BINGE DRINKING, DRUNKENNESS see ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION and ALCOHOLICS; acute alcoholic intoxication = ETHANOL/pois; consider also ALCOHOL-INDUCED DISORDERS and specifics; index other complications of alcoholism under ALCOHOLISM /compl + disease /etiol not /chem ind; abstinence from alcohol in alcoholism: coordinate with TEMPERANCE	Annotation updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000492	MS	An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of allophanic acid to two molecules of ammonia plus two molecules of "active carbon dioxide". EC 3.5.1.54.	An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of allophanic acid to two molecules of ammonia plus two molecules of active carbon dioxide. EC 3.5.1.54.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000559	MS	A family of the class Urodela which includes 4 living genera, about 33 species, and occurs only in North America. Adults are usually terrestrial, but the larval forms are aquatic.	A family of the class CAUDATA which includes 4 living genera, about 33 species, and occurs only in North America. Adults are usually terrestrial, but the larval forms are aquatic.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000915	MS	A measure of the binding strength between antibody and a simple hapten or antigen determinant. It depends on the closeness of stereochemical fit between antibody combining sites and antigen determinants, on the size of the area of contact between them, and on the distribution of charged and hydrophobic groups. It includes the concept of "avidity," which refers to the strength of the antigen-antibody bond after formation of reversible complexes.	A measure of the binding strength between antibody and a simple hapten or antigen determinant. It depends on the closeness of stereochemical fit between antibody combining sites and antigen determinants, on the size of the area of contact between them, and on the distribution of charged and hydrophobic groups. It includes the concept of avidity, which refers to the strength of the antigen-antibody bond after formation of reversible complexes.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000920	MS	The phenomenon of antibody-mediated target cell destruction by non-sensitized effector cells. The identity of the target cell varies, but it must possess surface IMMUNOGLOBULIN G whose Fc portion is intact. The effector cell is a "killer" cell possessing Fc receptors. It may be a lymphocyte lacking conventional B- or T-cell markers, or a monocyte, macrophage, or polynuclear leukocyte, depending on the identity of the target cell. The reaction is complement-independent.	The phenomenon of antibody-mediated target cell destruction by non-sensitized effector cells. The identity of the target cell varies, but it must possess surface IMMUNOGLOBULIN G whose Fc portion is intact. The effector cell is a killer cell possessing Fc receptors. It may be a lymphocyte lacking conventional B- or T-cell markers, or a monocyte, macrophage, or polynuclear leukocyte, depending on the identity of the target cell. The reaction is complement-independent.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D000995	MS	Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.	Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: first-line agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and second-line drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001001	MS	An order of the class Amphibia, which includes several families of frogs and toads. They are characterized by well developed hind limbs adapted for jumping, fused head and trunk and webbed toes. The term "toad" is ambiguous and is properly applied only to the family Bufonidae.	An order of the class Amphibia, which includes several families of frogs and toads. They are characterized by well developed hind limbs adapted for jumping, fused head and trunk and webbed toes. The term toad is ambiguous and is properly applied only to the family Bufonidae.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001068	MS	A group of disorders characterized by physiological and psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake.	A group of disorders characterized by physiological and/or psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001168	AN	tends to be chronic so do not coordinate with CHRONIC DISEASE; do not confuse with ARTHRALGIA; note entry term POLYARTHRITIS but polyarthrite chronique évolutive (PCE) = ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID; note several specific types of arthritis are available	tends to be chronic so do not coordinate with CHRONIC DISEASE; do not confuse with ARTHRALGIA; note entry term POLYARTHRITIS but polyarthrite chronique evolutive (PCE) = ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID; note several specific types of arthritis are available	Annotation updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001172	AN	in children = ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE RHEUMATOID; includes PCE: polyarthrite chronique évolutive; tends to be chronic so do not coord with CHRONIC DISEASE	in children = ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE RHEUMATOID; includes PCE: polyarthrite chronique evolutive; tends to be chronic so do not coord with CHRONIC DISEASE	Annotation updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001203	HN	99(75)	1999(1975)	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001203	PM	99; see ASCOMYCETES 1963-98; for COCHLIOBOLUS & SCLEROTINA see ASCOMYCETES 1975-85	1999; see ASCOMYCETES 1963-1998; for COCHLIOBOLUS & SCLEROTINA see ASCOMYCETES 1975-1985	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001253	MS	A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with "end feet" which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and "reactive astrocytes" (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.	A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from star cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with end feet which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and reactive astrocytes (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001364	MS	The act of "taking account" of an object or state of affairs. It does not imply assessment of, nor attention to the qualities or nature of the object.	The act of taking account of an object or state of affairs. It does not imply assessment of, nor attention to the qualities or nature of the object.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001445	MS	An independent state, an archipelago in the western Persian Gulf, northwest of Qatar. It comprises low-lying islands of Bahrain (the largest), Muharraq, Sitra, and several islets. It has extensive oil fields. The name comes from the Arabic al-bahrayn, "the two seas", with reference to its lying in the middle of a bay with its "two seas" east and west of it. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p107 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p45)	An independent state, an archipelago in the western Persian Gulf, northwest of Qatar. It comprises low-lying islands of Bahrain (the largest), Muharraq, Sitra, and several islets. It has extensive oil fields. The name comes from the Arabic al-bahrayn, the two seas, with reference to its lying in the middle of a bay with its two seas east and west of it. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p107 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p45)	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001452	MS	Therapy by various hot or warm baths in natural mineral waters, spas, or "cures". It includes not only bathing in, but also drinking the waters, but it does not include whirlpool baths (HYDROTHERAPY).	Therapy by various hot or warm baths in natural mineral waters, spas, or cures. It includes not only bathing in, but also drinking the waters, but it does not include whirlpool baths (HYDROTHERAPY).	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001460	MS	An island in the Lesser Antilles in the West Indies. It is chiefly of coral formation with no good harbors and only small streams. It was probably discovered by the Portuguese in the sixteenth century. The name was given by 16th-century Spanish explorers from barbados, the plural for "bearded", with reference to the beard-like leaves or trails of moss on the trees that grew there in abundance. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p116 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p49)	An island in the Lesser Antilles in the West Indies. It is chiefly of coral formation with no good harbors and only small streams. It was probably discovered by the Portuguese in the sixteenth century. The name was given by 16th-century Spanish explorers from barbados, the plural for bearded, with reference to the beard-like leaves or trails of moss on the trees that grew there in abundance. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p116 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p49)	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001487	HN	99	1999	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001487	PM	99; see BASIDIOMYCETES 1963-98	1999; see BASIDIOMYCETES 1963-1998	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001559	HN	75	1975	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001559	PM	75	1975	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001632	HN	68	1968	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001632	PM	68	1968	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001759	MS	A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1, a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the lung.	A fungal infection by BLASTOMYCES that may appear in two forms: 1, a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the lung.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D001808	AN	general or unspecified only: prefer specifics and/or ‌/‌blood ‌supply with anatomical terms; permeability = VASCULAR PERMEABILITY see CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY; inflammation = VASCULITIS or its specifics; radiography of blood vessels = ANGIOGRAPHY	general or unspecified only: prefer specifics and/or /blood supply with anatomical terms; permeability = VASCULAR PERMEABILITY see CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY; inflammation = VASCULITIS or its specifics; radiography of blood vessels = ANGIOGRAPHY	Annotation updated on a descriptor
2,025	D002032	MS	Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of time, as seen in the disorder of BULIMIA NERVOSA. It is caused by an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as "ox hunger".	Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of time, as seen in the disorder of BULIMIA NERVOSA. It is caused by an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as ox hunger.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D002277	MS	A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for "cancer."	A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D002491	MS	A class of drugs producing both physiological and psychological effects through a variety of mechanisms. They can be divided into "specific" agents, e.g., affecting an identifiable molecular mechanism unique to target cells bearing receptors for that agent, and "nonspecific" agents, those producing effects on different target cells and acting by diverse molecular mechanisms. Those with nonspecific mechanisms are generally further classed according to whether they produce behavioral depression or stimulation. Those with specific mechanisms are classed by locus of action or specific therapeutic use. (From Gilman AG, et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p252)	A class of drugs producing both physiological and psychological effects through a variety of mechanisms. They can be divided into specific agents, e.g., affecting an identifiable molecular mechanism unique to target cells bearing receptors for that agent, and nonspecific agents, those producing effects on different target cells and acting by diverse molecular mechanisms. Those with nonspecific mechanisms are generally further classed according to whether they produce behavioral depression or stimulation. Those with specific mechanisms are classed by locus of action or specific therapeutic use. (From Gilman AG, et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p252)	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D002531	MS	The part of brain that lies behind the BRAIN STEM in the posterior base of skull (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR). It is also known as the "little brain" with convolutions similar to those of CEREBRAL CORTEX, inner white matter, and deep cerebellar nuclei. Its function is to coordinate voluntary movements, maintain balance, and learn motor skills.	The part of brain that lies behind the BRAIN STEM in the posterior base of skull (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR). It is also known as the little brain with convolutions similar to those of CEREBRAL CORTEX, inner white matter, and deep cerebellar nuclei. Its function is to coordinate voluntary movements, maintain balance, and learn motor skills.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D002671	AN	consider also CHILD, GIFTED & MENTALLY DISABLED PERSONS; check also tag CHILD or specific	consider also CHILD, GIFTED & MENTALLY Persons with Disabilities; check also tag CHILD or specific	Annotation updated on a descriptor
2,025	D002695	MS	A family of the order CHLAMYDIALES, containing a single genus Simkania, and corresponding to the "microorganism Z" (Simkania Z).	A family of the order CHLAMYDIALES, containing a single genus Simkania, and corresponding to the microorganism Z (Simkania Z).	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D002979	MS	Physiologic period, characterized by endocrine, somatic, and psychic changes with the termination of ovarian function in the female. It may also accompany the normal diminution of sexual activity in the male.	Physiologic period, characterized by endocrine and somatic changes with the termination of ovarian function in the female. It may also accompany the diminution of sexual activity in the male.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003082	MS	Surgical resection of a portion of or the entire colon.	Surgical resection of a portion of or the entire COLON.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003095	MS	Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that "collagen" was equivalent to "connective tissue", but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term "collagen diseases" now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)	Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that collagen was equivalent to connective tissue, but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term collagen diseases now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003134	PM	83; was see under FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY 1975-82	2025; COMMITMENT OF PERSONS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS 2024-83; was see under FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY 1975-82	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003134	NM	Commitment of Mentally Ill	Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders	Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003134	MS	Legal process required for the institutionalization of a patient with severe mental problems.	Legal process required for the institutionalization of a patient with severe psychiatric problems.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003134	HN	83(75); was see under FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY 1975-82	2025; COMMITMENT OF PERSONS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS 2024-83; was see under FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY 1975-82	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003143	NM	Communication Aids for Disabled	Communication Devices for People with Disabilities	Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003213	HN	2020 (1965); was CONDITIONING (PSYCHOLOGY) 1965-2019; was CONDITIONED LEARNING 1963-1964	2020 (1965); was CONDITIONING (PSYCHOLOGY) 1965-2019; was CONDITIONED LEARNING 1963-1964; SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY 2024 use SOCIAL LEARNING 2024-;	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003213	PM	1965; was CONDITIONED LEARNING 1963-1964	1965; was CONDITIONED LEARNING 1963-1964; SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY 2024 see SOCIAL LEARNING 2024-	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003218	MS	Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth caused by the human papillomaviruses.	Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth caused by the HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS VIRUSES.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003228	AN	inflammation = CONJUNCTIVITIS or specifics; do not confuse with "conjunctive tissue" in translated texts: this is CONNECTIVE TISSUE, not CONJUNCTIVA; ‌/‌blood ‌supply consider also CILIARY ARTERIES	inflammation = CONJUNCTIVITIS or specifics; do not confuse with "conjunctive tissue" in translated texts: this is CONNECTIVE TISSUE, not CONJUNCTIVA; /blood supply consider also CILIARY ARTERIES	Annotation updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003480	PM	99; see CUSHING'S SYNDROME 1966-98	1999; see CUSHING'S SYNDROME 1966-1998	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003480	HN	99(66)	1999(1966)	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003602	MS	The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.	The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid killer cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003700	MS	Brain waves seen on EEG characterized by a high amplitude and a frequency of 4 Hz and below. They are considered the "deep sleep waves" observed during sleep in dreamless states, infancy, and in some brain disorders.	Brain waves seen on EEG characterized by a high amplitude and a frequency of 4 Hz and below. They are considered the deep sleep waves observed during sleep in dreamless states, infancy, and in some brain disorders.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003730	HN	93; was DENTAL CARE FOR HANDICAPPED 1980-92	DENTAL CARE FOR HANDICAPPED 1980-1992; DENTAL CARE FOR DISABLED 1993-2024	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003730	PM	93; was DENTAL CARE FOR HANDICAPPED 1980-92	DENTAL CARE FOR HANDICAPPED 1980-1992; DENTAL CARE FOR DISABLED 1993-2024	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003730	NM	Dental Care for Disabled	Dental Care for Persons with Disabilities	Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003744	HN	66; was ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA 1965	1966 (1965)	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003744	PM	66; was ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA 1965	1966; see ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA 1965	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003865	MS	Disorder in which five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every daily; markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain; Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day; psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day; fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; or recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt. (DSM-5)	Disorder in which five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day; markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain; Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day; psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day; fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; or recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt. (DSM-5)	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003883	HN	99; for ARTHRODERMA use ASCOMYCOTA 1975-98; for NANNIZZIA use MICROSPORUM 1975-98	1999; for ARTHRODERMA use ASCOMYCOTA 1975-1998; for NANNIZZIA use MICROSPORUM 1975-1998	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003883	PM	99; see DERMATOPHYTES 1963-98; for ARTHRODERMA see ASCOMYCOTA 1975-98; for NANNIZZIA see MICROSPORUM 1975-98	1999; see DERMATOPHYTES 1963-1998; for ARTHRODERMA see ASCOMYCOTA 1975-1998; for NANNIZZIA see MICROSPORUM 1975-1998	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003932	PM	99; see DIACETYLMORPHINE 1978-98; for HEROIN see DIACETYLMORPHINE 1963-98	1999; see DIACETYLMORPHINE 1978-1998; for HEROIN see DIACETYLMORPHINE 1963-1998	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D003932	HN	99(63)	1999(1963)	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004043	AN	‌/‌adv ‌eff: coordinate with disease /etiol, not ‌/‌chem‌ ind; ‌/‌ther ‌use: coordinate with specific disease ‌/‌diet ‌ther; low- or high-fiber diet: use /admin	/ adv eff: coordinate with disease /etiol, not /chem ind; /ther use: coordinate with specific disease /diet ther; low- or high-fiber diet: use /admin	Annotation updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004044	AN	general or unspecified; prefer specifics; ‌/‌adv ‌eff: coordinate with disease /etiol, not ‌/‌chem‌ ind; ‌/‌ther ‌use: coordinate with disease ‌/‌diet ‌ther	general or unspecified; prefer specifics; /adv eff: coordinate with disease /etiol, not /chem ind; /ther use: coordinate with disease /diet ther/	Annotation updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004124	MS	A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound "may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen." (Merck, 11th ed)	A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed)	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004245	MS	Decayed, missing and filled teeth, a routinely used statistical concept in dentistry.	Decayed, missing and filled teeth, a routinely used statistical concept in dentistry.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004454	MS	Involuntary ("parrot-like"), meaningless repetition of a recently heard word, phrase, or song. This condition may be associated with transcortical APHASIA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; or other disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p485)	Involuntary (parrot-like), meaningless repetition of a recently heard word, phrase, or song. This condition may be associated with transcortical APHASIA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; or other disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p485)	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004495	PM	67; was EDUCATION OF MENTALLY DEFECTIVE 1963-66	2025; was EDUCATION OF INTELLECTUALLY DISABLED 1967-2024; was EDUCATION OF MENTALLY DEFECTIVE 1963-1966	Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004495	NM	Education of Intellectually Disabled	Education of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities	Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004495	HN	67; was EDUCATION OF MENTALLY DEFECTIVE 1963-66	2025 (1967)	History note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004767	MS	Disease caused by the liberation of exotoxins of CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS in the intestines of sheep, goats, cattle, foals, and piglets. Type B enterotoxemia in lambs is lamb dysentery; type C enterotoxemia in mature sheep produces "struck", and in calves, lambs and piglets it produces hemorrhagic enterotoxemia; type D enterotoxemia in sheep and goats is pulpy-kidney disease or overeating disease.	Disease caused by the liberation of exotoxins of CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS in the intestines of sheep, goats, cattle, foals, and piglets. Type B enterotoxemia in lambs is lamb dysentery; type C enterotoxemia in mature sheep produces struck, and in calves, lambs and piglets it produces hemorrhagic enterotoxemia; type D enterotoxemia in sheep and goats is pulpy-kidney disease or overeating disease.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004770	MS	A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose members preferentially inhabit the intestinal tract of a variety of hosts. The genus contains many species. Newly described members of human enteroviruses are assigned continuous numbers with the species designated "human enterovirus".	A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose members preferentially inhabit the intestinal tract of a variety of hosts. The genus contains many species. Newly described members of human enteroviruses are assigned continuous numbers with the species designated human enterovirus.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004813	AN	specialty only; prefer /‌epidemiol with diseases; do not confuse with TOPOGRAPHY, MEDICAL: epidemiology emphasizes disease outbreaks & disease-related conditions, topography emphasizes geography-related events	specialty only; prefer /epidemiol with diseases; do not confuse with TOPOGRAPHY, MEDICAL: epidemiology emphasizes disease outbreaks & disease-related conditions, topography emphasizes geography-related events	Annotation updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004892	MS	A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic "bull's-eye" lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.	A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic bull's-eye lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D004948	MS	A form of ocular misalignment characterized by an excessive convergence of the visual axes, resulting in a "cross-eye" appearance. An example of this condition occurs when paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle causes an abnormal inward deviation of one eye on attempted gaze.	A form of ocular misalignment characterized by an excessive convergence of the visual axes, resulting in a cross-eye appearance. An example of this condition occurs when paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle causes an abnormal inward deviation of one eye on attempted gaze.	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor
2,025	D005053	MS	The attempt to improve the PHENOTYPES of future generations of the human population by fostering the reproduction of those with favorable phenotypes and GENOTYPES and hampering or preventing BREEDING by those with "undesirable" phenotypes and genotypes. The concept is largely discredited. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	The attempt to improve the PHENOTYPES of future generations of the human population by fostering the reproduction of those with favorable phenotypes and GENOTYPES and hampering or preventing BREEDING by those with undesirable phenotypes and genotypes. The concept is largely discredited. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000078625

MS

The act or practice of killing or withholding life-sustaining treatment from a person with a medical condition, especially DISABLED PERSONS, without INFORMED CONSENT, despite the MENTAL COMPETENCY of the person to give consent.

The act or practice of killing or withholding life-sustaining treatment from a person with a medical condition, especially PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES, without INFORMED CONSENT, despite the MENTAL COMPETENCY of the person to give consent.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000079262

NM

Obesity, Maternal

Pregnancy in Obesity

Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000079262

MS

BODY MASS INDEX in PREGNANT WOMEN that is excessively above the recommended cut-off.

BODY MASS INDEX in PREGNANT PEOPLE that is excessively above the recommended cut-off.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000079262

HN

2020

2025 (2020)

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000079262

PM

2020

2025; see OBESITY, MATERNAL 2020-2024

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000080057

MS

A species of conifers commonly referred to as "pine", but does not belong in the genus Pinus. Araucaria angustifolia is widely distributed in Brazil and Argentina.

A species of conifers commonly referred to as pine, but does not belong in the genus Pinus. Araucaria angustifolia is widely distributed in Brazil and Argentina.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000080183

MS

Those individuals with INTERSEX CONDITIONS, with or without a desire to undergo SEX REASSIGNMENT PROCEDURES.

Those individuals with INTERSEX CONDITIONS, with or without a desire to undergo GENDER-AFFIRMING PROCEDURES.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000081822

MS

Dogs trained to serve as guides for blind or visually impaired persons.

Dogs trained to serve as guides for blind or PERSONS WITH VISUAL DISABILITIES.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000084002

NM

Tinea cruris

Tinea Cruris

Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000084662

MS

A species of Chytridiomycota fungi that is the causative agent of chytridiomycosis in amphibians.

A species of Chytridiomycota fungi that is the causative agent of CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS IN AMPHIBIANS.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000085703

MS

Animals that provide emotional or therapeutic support to persons with mental disabilities or disorders. The designation "emotional support animal" requires a recommendation letter from a licensed psychologist or therapist, and provides some legal protections for the animal to live and travel with its owner.

Animals that provide emotional or therapeutic support to PERSONS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES or disorders. The designation emotional support animal requires a recommendation letter from a licensed psychologist or therapist, and provides some legal protections for the animal to live and travel with its owner.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000086382

MS

A viral disorder generally characterized by high FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN; HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. In severe cases, a myriad of coagulopathy associated symptoms often correlating with COVID-19 severity is seen (e.g., BLOOD COAGULATION; THROMBOSIS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME; SEIZURES; HEART ATTACK; STROKE; multiple CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS; KIDNEY FAILURE; catastrophic ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME and/or DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION). In younger patients, rare inflammatory syndromes are sometimes associated with COVID-19 (e.g., atypical KAWASAKI SYNDROME; TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME; pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease; and CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME). A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, in the genus BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent.

A viral disorder generally characterized by high FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN; HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 VIRUS, in the genus BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000089122

MS

Fathers initially aged less than 19 years at the time of child's birth.

Fathers initially aged less than 19 years at the time of their child's birth.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000091182

MS

Traditional concepts of medicine and associated methods reflected in medicine in PERSIA.

Concepts of medicine and associated methods reflected in traditional Iranian medicine.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000091182

NM

Medicine, Persian

Medicine, Iranian Traditional

Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000092183

MS

A hypertrophic cardiomyopathy characterized by apical hypertrophy, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY (described as "ace of spades" sign), and deep T-wave inversions in EKG. Clinical symptoms include minor symptoms such as CHEST PAIN; DYSPNEA; and SYNCOPE to more complex symptoms such as ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE. A transient left ventricular apical hypertrophy is sometimes associated with TAKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY.

A hypertrophic cardiomyopathy characterized by apical hypertrophy, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY (described as ace of spades sign), and deep T-wave inversions in EKG. Clinical symptoms include minor symptoms such as CHEST PAIN; DYSPNEA; and SYNCOPE to more complex symptoms such as ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE. A transient left ventricular apical hypertrophy is sometimes associated with TAKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000093102

MS

A device ridden while seated that usually has three or four wheels, is typically propelled by an electric motor, and is used by those with limited or impaired mobility.

A device ridden while seated that is typically propelled by an electric motor, and is used by those with limited or impaired mobility.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000094024

MS

Post acute stage of COVID-19 virus infection. Persistent symptoms may include FATIGUE; DYSPNEA; and MEMORY LOSS.

Post acute stage of COVID-19 virus infection including signs, symptoms, and conditions that continue or develop after acute COVID-19 infection. Persistent symptoms may include FATIGUE; DYSPNEA; and MEMORY LOSS.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000095188

MS

Persons having origins in any of PACIFIC ISLANDS. Note that OMB category NATIVE HAWAIIAN OR OTHER PACIFIC ISLANDER is available for United States population groups. Race and ethnicity terms, as used in the federal government, are self-identified social construct and may include terms outdated and offensive in MeSH to assist users who are interested in retrieving comprehensive search results for studies such as in longitudinal studies.

Persons having origins in any of PACIFIC ISLANDS. Note that OMB category NATIVE HAWAIIAN OR PACIFIC ISLANDER is available for United States population groups. Race and ethnicity terms, as used in the federal government, are self-identified social construct and may include terms outdated and offensive in MeSH to assist users who are interested in retrieving comprehensive search results for studies such as in longitudinal studies.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000095283

HN

2023

2023(1963)

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000095494

MS

Psychoanalytic theory begun by Jacques Lacan as a philosophical linguistic re-interpretation of Freud's original teachings.

Psychoanalytic theory begun by Jacques Lacan as a philosophical linguistic re-interpretation of Freud's original teachings (see FREUDIAN THEORY).

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000095982

HN

2024

2025(2024)

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000095982

PM

2024

2025(2024)

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000096283

MS

The emigration or immigration of individuals who have received advanced training at home. The net benefits of human capital flight for the receiving country are sometimes referred to as a "brain gain" whereas the costs for the sending country are sometimes referred to as a "brain drain".

The emigration or immigration of individuals who have received advanced training at home. The net benefits of human capital flight for the receiving country are sometimes referred to as a brain gain whereas the costs for the sending country are sometimes referred to as a brain drain.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000097623

PM

2024

2024; CEFPODOXIME was indexed under CEFTIZOXIME 1987-2024

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000097623

HN

2024

2024 (1987)

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000097867

MS

Anesthesia methods that are used for neurologic medical procedures.

Anesthesia method that deals with the complexities of the physiology and pharmacology of the nervous system when providing anesthesia for patients undergoing neurological procedures.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000350

MS

The geographical area of Africa comprising CAMEROON; CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC; CHAD; CONGO; DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO; EQUATORIAL GUINEA; GABON; and SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE.

The geographical area of Africa comprising CAMEROON; CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC; CHAD; CONGO; DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO; EQUATORIAL GUINEA; GABON; RWANDA.and SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000351

MS

The geographical area of Africa comprising BURUNDI, DJIBOUTI, ERITREA, ETHIOPIA, KENYA, RWANDA, SOMALIA, SOUTH SUDAN, SUDAN, TANZANIA, and UGANDA.

The geographical area of Africa comprising BURUNDI, DJIBOUTI, ERITREA, ETHIOPIA, KENYA, SOMALIA, SOUTH SUDAN, SUDAN, TANZANIA, and UGANDA.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000437

AN

human and animal; note entry term ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION, CHRONIC: do not coordinate with CHRONIC DISEASE; available also are BINGE DRINKING, DRUNKENNESS see ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION and ALCOHOLICS; acute alcoholic intoxication = ETHANOL /‌pois; consider also ALCOHOL-INDUCED DISORDERS and specifics; index other complications of alcoholism under ALCOHOLISM /‌compl + disease /‌etiol not /‌chem ind; abstinence from alcohol in alcoholism: coordinate with TEMPERANCE

human and animal; note entry term ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION, CHRONIC: do not coordinate with CHRONIC DISEASE; available also are BINGE DRINKING, DRUNKENNESS see ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION and ALCOHOLICS; acute alcoholic intoxication = ETHANOL/pois; consider also ALCOHOL-INDUCED DISORDERS and specifics; index other complications of alcoholism under ALCOHOLISM /compl + disease /etiol not /chem ind; abstinence from alcohol in alcoholism: coordinate with TEMPERANCE

Annotation updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000492

MS

An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of allophanic acid to two molecules of ammonia plus two molecules of "active carbon dioxide". EC 3.5.1.54.

An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of allophanic acid to two molecules of ammonia plus two molecules of active carbon dioxide. EC 3.5.1.54.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000559

MS

A family of the class Urodela which includes 4 living genera, about 33 species, and occurs only in North America. Adults are usually terrestrial, but the larval forms are aquatic.

A family of the class CAUDATA which includes 4 living genera, about 33 species, and occurs only in North America. Adults are usually terrestrial, but the larval forms are aquatic.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000915

MS

A measure of the binding strength between antibody and a simple hapten or antigen determinant. It depends on the closeness of stereochemical fit between antibody combining sites and antigen determinants, on the size of the area of contact between them, and on the distribution of charged and hydrophobic groups. It includes the concept of "avidity," which refers to the strength of the antigen-antibody bond after formation of reversible complexes.

A measure of the binding strength between antibody and a simple hapten or antigen determinant. It depends on the closeness of stereochemical fit between antibody combining sites and antigen determinants, on the size of the area of contact between them, and on the distribution of charged and hydrophobic groups. It includes the concept of avidity, which refers to the strength of the antigen-antibody bond after formation of reversible complexes.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000920

MS

The phenomenon of antibody-mediated target cell destruction by non-sensitized effector cells. The identity of the target cell varies, but it must possess surface IMMUNOGLOBULIN G whose Fc portion is intact. The effector cell is a "killer" cell possessing Fc receptors. It may be a lymphocyte lacking conventional B- or T-cell markers, or a monocyte, macrophage, or polynuclear leukocyte, depending on the identity of the target cell. The reaction is complement-independent.

The phenomenon of antibody-mediated target cell destruction by non-sensitized effector cells. The identity of the target cell varies, but it must possess surface IMMUNOGLOBULIN G whose Fc portion is intact. The effector cell is a killer cell possessing Fc receptors. It may be a lymphocyte lacking conventional B- or T-cell markers, or a monocyte, macrophage, or polynuclear leukocyte, depending on the identity of the target cell. The reaction is complement-independent.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D000995

MS

Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.

Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: first-line agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and second-line drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001001

MS

An order of the class Amphibia, which includes several families of frogs and toads. They are characterized by well developed hind limbs adapted for jumping, fused head and trunk and webbed toes. The term "toad" is ambiguous and is properly applied only to the family Bufonidae.

An order of the class Amphibia, which includes several families of frogs and toads. They are characterized by well developed hind limbs adapted for jumping, fused head and trunk and webbed toes. The term toad is ambiguous and is properly applied only to the family Bufonidae.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001068

MS

A group of disorders characterized by physiological and psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake.

A group of disorders characterized by physiological and/or psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001168

AN

tends to be chronic so do not coordinate with CHRONIC DISEASE; do not confuse with ARTHRALGIA; note entry term POLYARTHRITIS but polyarthrite chronique évolutive (PCE) = ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID; note several specific types of arthritis are available

tends to be chronic so do not coordinate with CHRONIC DISEASE; do not confuse with ARTHRALGIA; note entry term POLYARTHRITIS but polyarthrite chronique evolutive (PCE) = ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID; note several specific types of arthritis are available

Annotation updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001172

AN

in children = ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE RHEUMATOID; includes PCE: polyarthrite chronique évolutive; tends to be chronic so do not coord with CHRONIC DISEASE

in children = ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE RHEUMATOID; includes PCE: polyarthrite chronique evolutive; tends to be chronic so do not coord with CHRONIC DISEASE

Annotation updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001203

HN

99(75)

1999(1975)

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001203

PM

99; see ASCOMYCETES 1963-98; for COCHLIOBOLUS & SCLEROTINA see ASCOMYCETES 1975-85

1999; see ASCOMYCETES 1963-1998; for COCHLIOBOLUS & SCLEROTINA see ASCOMYCETES 1975-1985

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001253

MS

A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with "end feet" which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and "reactive astrocytes" (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.

A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from star cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with end feet which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and reactive astrocytes (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001364

MS

The act of "taking account" of an object or state of affairs. It does not imply assessment of, nor attention to the qualities or nature of the object.

The act of taking account of an object or state of affairs. It does not imply assessment of, nor attention to the qualities or nature of the object.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001445

MS

An independent state, an archipelago in the western Persian Gulf, northwest of Qatar. It comprises low-lying islands of Bahrain (the largest), Muharraq, Sitra, and several islets. It has extensive oil fields. The name comes from the Arabic al-bahrayn, "the two seas", with reference to its lying in the middle of a bay with its "two seas" east and west of it. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p107 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p45)

An independent state, an archipelago in the western Persian Gulf, northwest of Qatar. It comprises low-lying islands of Bahrain (the largest), Muharraq, Sitra, and several islets. It has extensive oil fields. The name comes from the Arabic al-bahrayn, the two seas, with reference to its lying in the middle of a bay with its two seas east and west of it. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p107 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p45)

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001452

MS

Therapy by various hot or warm baths in natural mineral waters, spas, or "cures". It includes not only bathing in, but also drinking the waters, but it does not include whirlpool baths (HYDROTHERAPY).

Therapy by various hot or warm baths in natural mineral waters, spas, or cures. It includes not only bathing in, but also drinking the waters, but it does not include whirlpool baths (HYDROTHERAPY).

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001460

MS

An island in the Lesser Antilles in the West Indies. It is chiefly of coral formation with no good harbors and only small streams. It was probably discovered by the Portuguese in the sixteenth century. The name was given by 16th-century Spanish explorers from barbados, the plural for "bearded", with reference to the beard-like leaves or trails of moss on the trees that grew there in abundance. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p116 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p49)

An island in the Lesser Antilles in the West Indies. It is chiefly of coral formation with no good harbors and only small streams. It was probably discovered by the Portuguese in the sixteenth century. The name was given by 16th-century Spanish explorers from barbados, the plural for bearded, with reference to the beard-like leaves or trails of moss on the trees that grew there in abundance. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p116 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p49)

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001487

HN

99

1999

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001487

PM

99; see BASIDIOMYCETES 1963-98

1999; see BASIDIOMYCETES 1963-1998

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001559

HN

75

1975

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001559

PM

75

1975

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001632

HN

68

1968

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001632

PM

68

1968

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001759

MS

A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1, a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the lung.

A fungal infection by BLASTOMYCES that may appear in two forms: 1, a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the lung.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D001808

AN

general or unspecified only: prefer specifics and/or ‌/‌blood ‌supply with anatomical terms; permeability = VASCULAR PERMEABILITY see CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY; inflammation = VASCULITIS or its specifics; radiography of blood vessels = ANGIOGRAPHY

general or unspecified only: prefer specifics and/or /blood supply with anatomical terms; permeability = VASCULAR PERMEABILITY see CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY; inflammation = VASCULITIS or its specifics; radiography of blood vessels = ANGIOGRAPHY

Annotation updated on a descriptor

2,025

D002032

MS

Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of time, as seen in the disorder of BULIMIA NERVOSA. It is caused by an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as "ox hunger".

Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of time, as seen in the disorder of BULIMIA NERVOSA. It is caused by an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as ox hunger.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D002277

MS

A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for "cancer."

A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D002491

MS

A class of drugs producing both physiological and psychological effects through a variety of mechanisms. They can be divided into "specific" agents, e.g., affecting an identifiable molecular mechanism unique to target cells bearing receptors for that agent, and "nonspecific" agents, those producing effects on different target cells and acting by diverse molecular mechanisms. Those with nonspecific mechanisms are generally further classed according to whether they produce behavioral depression or stimulation. Those with specific mechanisms are classed by locus of action or specific therapeutic use. (From Gilman AG, et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p252)

A class of drugs producing both physiological and psychological effects through a variety of mechanisms. They can be divided into specific agents, e.g., affecting an identifiable molecular mechanism unique to target cells bearing receptors for that agent, and nonspecific agents, those producing effects on different target cells and acting by diverse molecular mechanisms. Those with nonspecific mechanisms are generally further classed according to whether they produce behavioral depression or stimulation. Those with specific mechanisms are classed by locus of action or specific therapeutic use. (From Gilman AG, et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p252)

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D002531

MS

The part of brain that lies behind the BRAIN STEM in the posterior base of skull (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR). It is also known as the "little brain" with convolutions similar to those of CEREBRAL CORTEX, inner white matter, and deep cerebellar nuclei. Its function is to coordinate voluntary movements, maintain balance, and learn motor skills.

The part of brain that lies behind the BRAIN STEM in the posterior base of skull (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR). It is also known as the little brain with convolutions similar to those of CEREBRAL CORTEX, inner white matter, and deep cerebellar nuclei. Its function is to coordinate voluntary movements, maintain balance, and learn motor skills.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D002671

AN

consider also CHILD, GIFTED & MENTALLY DISABLED PERSONS; check also tag CHILD or specific

consider also CHILD, GIFTED & MENTALLY Persons with Disabilities; check also tag CHILD or specific

Annotation updated on a descriptor

2,025

D002695

MS

A family of the order CHLAMYDIALES, containing a single genus Simkania, and corresponding to the "microorganism Z" (Simkania Z).

A family of the order CHLAMYDIALES, containing a single genus Simkania, and corresponding to the microorganism Z (Simkania Z).

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D002979

MS

Physiologic period, characterized by endocrine, somatic, and psychic changes with the termination of ovarian function in the female. It may also accompany the normal diminution of sexual activity in the male.

Physiologic period, characterized by endocrine and somatic changes with the termination of ovarian function in the female. It may also accompany the diminution of sexual activity in the male.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003082

MS

Surgical resection of a portion of or the entire colon.

Surgical resection of a portion of or the entire COLON.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003095

MS

Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that "collagen" was equivalent to "connective tissue", but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term "collagen diseases" now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)

Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that collagen was equivalent to connective tissue, but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term collagen diseases now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003134

PM

83; was see under FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY 1975-82

2025; COMMITMENT OF PERSONS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS 2024-83; was see under FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY 1975-82

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003134

NM

Commitment of Mentally Ill

Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders

Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003134

MS

Legal process required for the institutionalization of a patient with severe mental problems.

Legal process required for the institutionalization of a patient with severe psychiatric problems.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003134

HN

83(75); was see under FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY 1975-82

2025; COMMITMENT OF PERSONS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS 2024-83; was see under FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY 1975-82

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003143

NM

Communication Aids for Disabled

Communication Devices for People with Disabilities

Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003213

HN

2020 (1965); was CONDITIONING (PSYCHOLOGY) 1965-2019; was CONDITIONED LEARNING 1963-1964

2020 (1965); was CONDITIONING (PSYCHOLOGY) 1965-2019; was CONDITIONED LEARNING 1963-1964; SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY 2024 use SOCIAL LEARNING 2024-;

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003213

PM

1965; was CONDITIONED LEARNING 1963-1964

1965; was CONDITIONED LEARNING 1963-1964; SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY 2024 see SOCIAL LEARNING 2024-

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003218

MS

Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth caused by the human papillomaviruses.

Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth caused by the HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS VIRUSES.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003228

AN

inflammation = CONJUNCTIVITIS or specifics; do not confuse with "conjunctive tissue" in translated texts: this is CONNECTIVE TISSUE, not CONJUNCTIVA; ‌/‌blood ‌supply consider also CILIARY ARTERIES

inflammation = CONJUNCTIVITIS or specifics; do not confuse with "conjunctive tissue" in translated texts: this is CONNECTIVE TISSUE, not CONJUNCTIVA; /blood supply consider also CILIARY ARTERIES

Annotation updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003480

PM

99; see CUSHING'S SYNDROME 1966-98

1999; see CUSHING'S SYNDROME 1966-1998

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003480

HN

99(66)

1999(1966)

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003602

MS

The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.

The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid killer cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003700

MS

Brain waves seen on EEG characterized by a high amplitude and a frequency of 4 Hz and below. They are considered the "deep sleep waves" observed during sleep in dreamless states, infancy, and in some brain disorders.

Brain waves seen on EEG characterized by a high amplitude and a frequency of 4 Hz and below. They are considered the deep sleep waves observed during sleep in dreamless states, infancy, and in some brain disorders.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003730

HN

93; was DENTAL CARE FOR HANDICAPPED 1980-92

DENTAL CARE FOR HANDICAPPED 1980-1992; DENTAL CARE FOR DISABLED 1993-2024

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003730

PM

93; was DENTAL CARE FOR HANDICAPPED 1980-92

DENTAL CARE FOR HANDICAPPED 1980-1992; DENTAL CARE FOR DISABLED 1993-2024

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003730

NM

Dental Care for Disabled

Dental Care for Persons with Disabilities

Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003744

HN

66; was ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA 1965

1966 (1965)

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003744

PM

66; was ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA 1965

1966; see ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA 1965

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003865

MS

Disorder in which five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every daily; markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain; Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day; psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day; fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; or recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt. (DSM-5)

Disorder in which five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day; markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain; Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day; psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day; fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; or recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt. (DSM-5)

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003883

HN

99; for ARTHRODERMA use ASCOMYCOTA 1975-98; for NANNIZZIA use MICROSPORUM 1975-98

1999; for ARTHRODERMA use ASCOMYCOTA 1975-1998; for NANNIZZIA use MICROSPORUM 1975-1998

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003883

PM

99; see DERMATOPHYTES 1963-98; for ARTHRODERMA see ASCOMYCOTA 1975-98; for NANNIZZIA see MICROSPORUM 1975-98

1999; see DERMATOPHYTES 1963-1998; for ARTHRODERMA see ASCOMYCOTA 1975-1998; for NANNIZZIA see MICROSPORUM 1975-1998

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003932

PM

99; see DIACETYLMORPHINE 1978-98; for HEROIN see DIACETYLMORPHINE 1963-98

1999; see DIACETYLMORPHINE 1978-1998; for HEROIN see DIACETYLMORPHINE 1963-1998

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D003932

HN

99(63)

1999(1963)

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004043

AN

‌/‌adv ‌eff: coordinate with disease /etiol, not ‌/‌chem‌ ind; ‌/‌ther ‌use: coordinate with specific disease ‌/‌diet ‌ther; low- or high-fiber diet: use /admin

/ adv eff: coordinate with disease /etiol, not /chem ind; /ther use: coordinate with specific disease /diet ther; low- or high-fiber diet: use /admin

Annotation updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004044

AN

general or unspecified; prefer specifics; ‌/‌adv ‌eff: coordinate with disease /etiol, not ‌/‌chem‌ ind; ‌/‌ther ‌use: coordinate with disease ‌/‌diet ‌ther

general or unspecified; prefer specifics; /adv eff: coordinate with disease /etiol, not /chem ind; /ther use: coordinate with disease /diet ther/

Annotation updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004124

MS

A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound "may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen." (Merck, 11th ed)

A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed)

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004245

MS

Decayed, missing and filled teeth, a routinely used statistical concept in dentistry.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004454

MS

Involuntary ("parrot-like"), meaningless repetition of a recently heard word, phrase, or song. This condition may be associated with transcortical APHASIA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; or other disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p485)

Involuntary (parrot-like), meaningless repetition of a recently heard word, phrase, or song. This condition may be associated with transcortical APHASIA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; or other disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p485)

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004495

PM

67; was EDUCATION OF MENTALLY DEFECTIVE 1963-66

2025; was EDUCATION OF INTELLECTUALLY DISABLED 1967-2024; was EDUCATION OF MENTALLY DEFECTIVE 1963-1966

Public MeSH note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004495

NM

Education of Intellectually Disabled

Education of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities

Preferred Term (MH) updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004495

HN

67; was EDUCATION OF MENTALLY DEFECTIVE 1963-66

2025 (1967)

History note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004767

MS

Disease caused by the liberation of exotoxins of CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS in the intestines of sheep, goats, cattle, foals, and piglets. Type B enterotoxemia in lambs is lamb dysentery; type C enterotoxemia in mature sheep produces "struck", and in calves, lambs and piglets it produces hemorrhagic enterotoxemia; type D enterotoxemia in sheep and goats is pulpy-kidney disease or overeating disease.

Disease caused by the liberation of exotoxins of CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS in the intestines of sheep, goats, cattle, foals, and piglets. Type B enterotoxemia in lambs is lamb dysentery; type C enterotoxemia in mature sheep produces struck, and in calves, lambs and piglets it produces hemorrhagic enterotoxemia; type D enterotoxemia in sheep and goats is pulpy-kidney disease or overeating disease.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004770

MS

A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose members preferentially inhabit the intestinal tract of a variety of hosts. The genus contains many species. Newly described members of human enteroviruses are assigned continuous numbers with the species designated "human enterovirus".

A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose members preferentially inhabit the intestinal tract of a variety of hosts. The genus contains many species. Newly described members of human enteroviruses are assigned continuous numbers with the species designated human enterovirus.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004813

AN

specialty only; prefer /‌epidemiol with diseases; do not confuse with TOPOGRAPHY, MEDICAL: epidemiology emphasizes disease outbreaks & disease-related conditions, topography emphasizes geography-related events

specialty only; prefer /epidemiol with diseases; do not confuse with TOPOGRAPHY, MEDICAL: epidemiology emphasizes disease outbreaks & disease-related conditions, topography emphasizes geography-related events

Annotation updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004892

MS

A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic "bull's-eye" lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.

A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic bull's-eye lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D004948

MS

A form of ocular misalignment characterized by an excessive convergence of the visual axes, resulting in a "cross-eye" appearance. An example of this condition occurs when paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle causes an abnormal inward deviation of one eye on attempted gaze.

A form of ocular misalignment characterized by an excessive convergence of the visual axes, resulting in a cross-eye appearance. An example of this condition occurs when paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle causes an abnormal inward deviation of one eye on attempted gaze.

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor

2,025

D005053

MS

The attempt to improve the PHENOTYPES of future generations of the human population by fostering the reproduction of those with favorable phenotypes and GENOTYPES and hampering or preventing BREEDING by those with "undesirable" phenotypes and genotypes. The concept is largely discredited. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The attempt to improve the PHENOTYPES of future generations of the human population by fostering the reproduction of those with favorable phenotypes and GENOTYPES and hampering or preventing BREEDING by those with undesirable phenotypes and genotypes. The concept is largely discredited. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

MeSH scope note updated on a descriptor