### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### Operating System

macOS 11.5.2

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Virtualenv installation

### Deployment details

_No response_

### What happened

If your first try fails and you have retries enabled, the subsequent tries skip right to the final `next_method(**next_kwargs)` instead of starting with `execute` again.

### What you expected to happen

Like we reset things like start date, we should wipe `next_method` and `next_kwargs` so we can retry the task from the beginning.

### How to reproduce

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

tests/models/test_taskinstance.py
self, finished_state, expected_message, create_task_instance
    ):
        called = completed = False
        def on_finish_callable(context):
            nonlocal called, completed
            called = True
            raise KeyError
            completed = True
        ti = create_task_instance(
            end_date=DEFAULT_DATE + datetime.timedelta(days=10),
            on_success_callback=on_finish_callable,
            on_retry_callback=on_finish_callable,
            on_failure_callback=on_finish_callable,
            state=finished_state,
        )
        ti._log = mock.Mock()
        ti._run_finished_callback()
        assert called
        assert not completed
        ti.log.exception.assert_called_once_with(expected_message)
    @provide_session
    def test_handle_failure(self, create_dummy_dag, session=None):