**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/vsnco5lyqpo3c/tests/:server:test/org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests/testScheduledRefresh

**Reproduction line:**
```
./gradlew ':server:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests.testScheduledRefresh" -Dtests.seed=72D17F6136232683 -Dtests.locale=es-HN -Dtests.timezone=America/Buenos_Aires -Druntime.java=20
```

**Applicable branches:**
main

**Reproduces locally?:**
No

**Failure history:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/scans/tests?tests.container=org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests&tests.test=testScheduledRefresh

**Failure excerpt:**
```
java.lang.AssertionError: (No message provided)

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([72D17F6136232683:84443C8B62B9FD0A]:0)
  at org.junit.Assert.fail(Assert.java:86)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertTrue(Assert.java:41)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertTrue(Assert.java:52)
  at org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests.testScheduledRefresh(IndexShardTests.java:3854)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:104)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:578)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:48)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:843)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:490)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:850)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1623)

```
server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexShard.java
* already another thread fsyncing the transaction log the caller thread will be hijacked to run the fsync for all pending fsync
     * operations.
     * <p>
     * This method allows indexing threads to continue indexing without blocking on fsync calls. We ensure that there is only one thread
     * blocking on the sync an all others can continue indexing.
     * <p>
     * NOTE: if the syncListener throws an exception when it's processed the exception will only be logged. Users should make sure that the
     * listener handles all exception cases internally.
     */
    public final void syncAfterWrite(Translog.Location location, Consumer<Exception> syncListener) {
        assert indexShardOperationPermits.getActiveOperationsCount() != 0;
        verifyNotClosed();
        getEngine().asyncEnsureTranslogSynced(location, syncListener);
    }
    /**
     * This method provides the same behavior as #sync but for persisting the global checkpoint. It will initiate a sync
     * if the request global checkpoint is greater than the currently persisted global checkpoint. However, same as #sync it
     * will not ensure that the request global checkpoint is available to be synced. It is the caller's duty to only call this
     * method with a valid processed global checkpoint that is available to sync.
     */
    public void syncGlobalCheckpoint(long globalCheckpoint, Consumer<Exception> syncListener) {
        verifyNotClosed();
        getEngine().asyncEnsureGlobalCheckpointSynced(globalCheckpoint, syncListener);
    }
    public void sync() throws IOException {
        verifyNotClosed();
        getEngine().syncTranslog();
    }
    /**
     * Checks if the underlying storage sync is required.