### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### Operating System

macOS 11.5.2

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Virtualenv installation

### Deployment details

_No response_

### What happened

If your first try fails and you have retries enabled, the subsequent tries skip right to the final `next_method(**next_kwargs)` instead of starting with `execute` again.

### What you expected to happen

Like we reset things like start date, we should wipe `next_method` and `next_kwargs` so we can retry the task from the beginning.

### How to reproduce

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

airflow/models/taskinstance.py
execution_date = get_next_execution_date()
            if execution_date is None:
                return None
            return execution_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
        def get_next_ds_nodash() -> Optional[str]:
            ds = get_next_ds()
            if ds is None:
                return ds
            return ds.replace('-', '')
        @cache
        def get_prev_execution_date():
            if dag_run.external_trigger:
                return timezone.coerce_datetime(self.execution_date)
            with warnings.catch_warnings():
                warnings.simplefilter("ignore", DeprecationWarning)
                return dag.previous_schedule(self.execution_date)
        @cache
        def get_prev_ds() -> Optional[str]:
            execution_date = get_prev_execution_date()
            if execution_date is None:
                return None
            return execution_date.strftime(r'%Y-%m-%d')
        def get_prev_ds_nodash() -> Optional[str]:
            prev_ds = get_prev_ds()
            if prev_ds is None:
                return None
            return prev_ds.replace('-', '')