### CI Link

https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/bhuomrfypovuq

### Repro line

gradlew :x-pack:plugin:security:test --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated" -Dtests.seed=819240371E8B1C23 -Dtests.locale=ms-MY -Dtests.timezone=Australia/Lindeman -Druntime.java=17

### Does it reproduce?

Yes

### Applicable branches

main

### Failure history

_No response_

### Failure excerpt

```
  2> REPRODUCE WITH: ./gradlew ':x-pack:plugin:security:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated" -Dtests.seed=819240371E8B1C23 -Dtests.locale=ms-MY -Dtests.timezone=Australia/Lindeman -Druntime.java=17
  2> java.lang.ClassCastException: class java.util.HashMap cannot be cast to class org.elasticsearch.common.bytes.BytesReference (java.util.HashMap is in module java.base of loader 'bootstrap'; org.elasticsearch.common.bytes.BytesReference is in unnamed module of loader 'app')
        at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([819240371E8B1C23:50D848AB4705CC]:0)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteMetadataForApiKeyRoleDescriptors(Authentication.java:1093)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteMetadata(Authentication.java:271)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteForOlderVersion(Authentication.java:232)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.buildUserToken(TokenServiceTests.java:941)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated(TokenServiceTests.java:437)
```
x-pack/plugin/core/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/core/security/authc/Authentication.java
);
    private static void writeMetadata(StreamOutput out, Map<String, Object> metadata) throws IOException {
        if (out.getTransportVersion().onOrAfter(VERSION_METADATA_BEYOND_GENERIC_MAP)) {
            out.writeVInt(metadata.size());
            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : metadata.entrySet()) {
                out.writeString(entry.getKey());
                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                final var valueWriter = (Writeable.Writer<Object>) METADATA_VALUE_WRITER.getOrDefault(
                    entry.getKey(),
                    StreamOutput::writeGenericValue
                );
                valueWriter.write(out, entry.getValue());
            }
        } else {
            out.writeGenericMap(metadata);
        }
    }
    private void assertInternalConsistency() {
        if (false == Assertions.ENABLED) {
            return;
        }
        assert effectiveSubject != null;
        assert authenticatingSubject != null;
        assert type != null;
        assert effectiveSubject.getTransportVersion().equals(authenticatingSubject.getTransportVersion());
        if (isRunAs()) {
            assert authenticatingSubject != effectiveSubject : "isRunAs logic does not hold";
            assert false == User.isInternal(effectiveSubject.getUser()) && false == User.isInternal(authenticatingSubject.getUser())
                : "internal users cannot participate in run-as";
        } else {