Reproduces with exact same assertion failure locally. Test failed 19 times in the last 7 days.

**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/ymg3tiwmh52e6/tests/:server:internalClusterTest/org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.ShardRoutingRoleIT/testRefreshOfUnpromotableShards

**Reproduction line:**
```
./gradlew ':server:internalClusterTest' --tests "org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.ShardRoutingRoleIT.testRefreshOfUnpromotableShards" -Dtests.seed=995A25045951017C -Dtests.locale=en-AU -Dtests.timezone=Poland -Druntime.java=17 -Dtests.fips.enabled=true
```

**Applicable branches:**
main

**Reproduces locally?:**
Yes

**Failure history:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/scans/tests?tests.container=org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.ShardRoutingRoleIT&tests.test=testRefreshOfUnpromotableShards

**Failure excerpt:**
```
java.lang.AssertionError: 
Expected: is <9>
     but: was <18>

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([995A25045951017C:627315331DA21D07]:0)
  at org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat(MatcherAssert.java:18)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertThat(Assert.java:956)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertThat(Assert.java:923)
  at org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.ShardRoutingRoleIT.testRefreshOfUnpromotableShards(ShardRoutingRoleIT.java:624)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-2)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:48)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:843)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:490)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:850)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)

```
server/src/internalClusterTest/java/org/elasticsearch/cluster/routing/ShardRoutingRoleIT.java
ensureGreen(INDEX_NAME);
            assertEngineTypes();
            final var searchShardProfileKeys = new HashSet<String>();
            final var indexRoutingTable = client().admin()
                .cluster()
                .prepareState()
                .clear()
                .setRoutingTable(true)
                .get()
                .getState()
                .routingTable()
                .index(INDEX_NAME);
            for (int shardId = 0; shardId < indexRoutingTable.size(); shardId++) {
                final var indexShardRoutingTable = indexRoutingTable.shard(shardId);
                for (int shardCopy = 0; shardCopy < indexShardRoutingTable.size(); shardCopy++) {
                    final var shardRouting = indexShardRoutingTable.shard(shardCopy);
                    if (shardRouting.role() == ShardRouting.Role.SEARCH_ONLY) {
                        searchShardProfileKeys.add("[" + shardRouting.currentNodeId() + "][" + INDEX_NAME + "][" + shardId + "]");
                    }
                }
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                final var search = client().prepareSearch(INDEX_NAME).setProfile(true);
                switch (randomIntBetween(0, 2)) {
                    case 0 -> search.setRouting(randomAlphaOfLength(10));
                    case 1 -> search.setPreference(randomSearchPreference(routingTableWatcher.numShards, internalCluster().getNodeNames()));
                    default -> {
                        
                    }
                }