### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### Operating System

macOS 11.5.2

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Virtualenv installation

### Deployment details

_No response_

### What happened

If your first try fails and you have retries enabled, the subsequent tries skip right to the final `next_method(**next_kwargs)` instead of starting with `execute` again.

### What you expected to happen

Like we reset things like start date, we should wipe `next_method` and `next_kwargs` so we can retry the task from the beginning.

### How to reproduce

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

airflow/models/taskinstance.py
"""
        Forces the task instance's state to FAILED in the database.
        :param session: SQLAlchemy ORM Session
        :type session: Session
        """
        self.log.error("Recording the task instance as FAILED")
        self.state = State.FAILED
        session.merge(self)
        session.commit()
    @provide_session
    def refresh_from_db(self, session=None, lock_for_update=False) -> None:
        """
        Refreshes the task instance from the database based on the primary key
        :param session: SQLAlchemy ORM Session
        :type session: Session
        :param lock_for_update: if True, indicates that the database should
            lock the TaskInstance (issuing a FOR UPDATE clause) until the
            session is committed.
        :type lock_for_update: bool
        """
        self.log.debug("Refreshing TaskInstance %s from DB", self)
        qry = session.query(TaskInstance).filter(
            TaskInstance.dag_id == self.dag_id,
            TaskInstance.task_id == self.task_id,
            TaskInstance.run_id == self.run_id,
        )
        if lock_for_update:
            ti: Optional[TaskInstance] = qry.with_for_update().first()
        else:
            ti = qry.first()