### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### Operating System

macOS 11.5.2

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Virtualenv installation

### Deployment details

_No response_

### What happened

If your first try fails and you have retries enabled, the subsequent tries skip right to the final `next_method(**next_kwargs)` instead of starting with `execute` again.

### What you expected to happen

Like we reset things like start date, we should wipe `next_method` and `next_kwargs` so we can retry the task from the beginning.

### How to reproduce

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

airflow/models/taskinstance.py
if not dr:
            
            try:
                
                
                
                schedule = dag.timetable._schedule
            except AttributeError:
                return None
            dt = pendulum.instance(self.execution_date)
            return TaskInstance(
                task=self.task,
                execution_date=schedule.get_prev(dt),
            )
        dr.dag = dag
        
        
        
        
        ignore_schedule = state is not None or not dag.timetable.can_run
        if dag.catchup is True and not ignore_schedule:
            last_dagrun = dr.get_previous_scheduled_dagrun(session=session)
        else:
            last_dagrun = dr.get_previous_dagrun(session=session, state=state)
        if last_dagrun:
            return last_dagrun
        return None
    @provide_session
    def get_previous_ti(