Was able to get a local reproduction using the following:

```
./gradlew ':x-pack:plugin:esql:compute:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.compute.operator.AsyncOperatorTests.testFailure" -Dtests.seed=DC0E3492EF03DA1C -Dtests.locale=es-SV -Dtests.timezone=America/Dawson_Creek -Druntime.java=21	
```

Failure seems to be seed-based because running the test with a different seed resulted in a success:

```
./gradlew ':x-pack:plugin:esql:compute:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.compute.operator.AsyncOperatorTests.testFailure" -Dtests.seed=6641D90A6C3E8CDB -Dtests.locale=es-SV -Dtests.timezone=America/Dawson_Creek -Druntime.java=21
```

**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/kiemjluhzikjs/tests/:x-pack:plugin:esql:compute:test/org.elasticsearch.compute.operator.AsyncOperatorTests/testFailure
**Reproduction line:**
```
./gradlew ':x-pack:plugin:esql:compute:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.compute.operator.AsyncOperatorTests.testFailure" -Dtests.seed=DC0E3492EF03DA1C -Dtests.locale=es-SV -Dtests.timezone=America/Dawson_Creek -Druntime.java=21
```

**Applicable branches:**
main

**Reproduces locally?:**
Yes

**Failure history:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/scans/tests?tests.container=org.elasticsearch.compute.operator.AsyncOperatorTests&tests.test=testFailure


**Failure excerpt:**
```
junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: Expected exception ElasticsearchException but no exception was thrown

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([DC0E3492EF03DA1C:B4B3C77ED533B8B3]:0)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.LuceneTestCase.expectThrows(LuceneTestCase.java:2864)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.LuceneTestCase.expectThrows(LuceneTestCase.java:2850)
  at org.elasticsearch.compute.operator.AsyncOperatorTests.testFailure(AsyncOperatorTests.java:233)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:103)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:580)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:48)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:843)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:490)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:850)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1583)

```
x-pack/plugin/esql/compute/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/compute/operator/AsyncOperator.java
private volatile SubscribableListener<Void> blockedFuture;
    private final Map<Long, Page> buffers = ConcurrentCollections.newConcurrentMap();
    private final AtomicReference<Exception> failure = new AtomicReference<>();
    private final int maxOutstandingRequests;
    private boolean finished = false;
    /*
     * The checkpoint tracker is used to maintain the order of emitted pages after passing through this async operator.
     * - Generates a new sequence number for each incoming page
     * - Uses the processed checkpoint for pages that have completed this computation
     * - Uses the persisted checkpoint for pages that have already been emitted to the next operator
     */