**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/vsnco5lyqpo3c/tests/:server:test/org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests/testScheduledRefresh

**Reproduction line:**
```
./gradlew ':server:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests.testScheduledRefresh" -Dtests.seed=72D17F6136232683 -Dtests.locale=es-HN -Dtests.timezone=America/Buenos_Aires -Druntime.java=20
```

**Applicable branches:**
main

**Reproduces locally?:**
No

**Failure history:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/scans/tests?tests.container=org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests&tests.test=testScheduledRefresh

**Failure excerpt:**
```
java.lang.AssertionError: (No message provided)

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([72D17F6136232683:84443C8B62B9FD0A]:0)
  at org.junit.Assert.fail(Assert.java:86)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertTrue(Assert.java:41)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertTrue(Assert.java:52)
  at org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests.testScheduledRefresh(IndexShardTests.java:3854)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:104)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:578)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:48)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:843)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:490)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:850)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1623)

```
server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexShardTests.java
Engine.IndexResult indexResult = indexDoc(shard, "_doc", "0", "{\"foo\" : \"bar\"}");
        assertTrue(indexResult.isCreated());
        org.elasticsearch.index.engine.Engine.GetResult getResult = shard.get(new Engine.Get(true, true, "0"));
        assertTrue(getResult.exists());
        getResult.close();
        closeShards(shard);
    }
    /**
     * Randomizes the usage of {@link IndexShard#acquireReplicaOperationPermit(long, long, long, ActionListener, String)} and
     * {@link IndexShard#acquireAllReplicaOperationsPermits(long, long, long, ActionListener, TimeValue)} in order to acquire a permit.
     */
    private void randomReplicaOperationPermitAcquisition(
        final IndexShard indexShard,
        final long opPrimaryTerm,
        final long globalCheckpoint,
        final long maxSeqNoOfUpdatesOrDeletes,
        final ActionListener<Releasable> listener
    ) {
        if (randomBoolean()) {
            final String executor = ThreadPool.Names.WRITE;
            indexShard.acquireReplicaOperationPermit(opPrimaryTerm, globalCheckpoint, maxSeqNoOfUpdatesOrDeletes, listener, executor);
        } else {
            final TimeValue timeout = TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(30L);
            indexShard.acquireAllReplicaOperationsPermits(opPrimaryTerm, globalCheckpoint, maxSeqNoOfUpdatesOrDeletes, listener, timeout);
        }
    }
    public void testDoNotTrimCommitsWhenOpenReadOnlyEngine() throws Exception {
        final IndexShard shard = newStartedShard(false, Settings.EMPTY, new InternalEngineFactory());
        long numDocs = randomLongBetween(1, 20);
        long seqNo = 0;