### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### Operating System

macOS 11.5.2

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Virtualenv installation

### Deployment details

_No response_

### What happened

If your first try fails and you have retries enabled, the subsequent tries skip right to the final `next_method(**next_kwargs)` instead of starting with `execute` again.

### What you expected to happen

Like we reset things like start date, we should wipe `next_method` and `next_kwargs` so we can retry the task from the beginning.

### How to reproduce

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

airflow/models/taskinstance.py
[trigger_id],
            ['trigger.id'],
            name='task_instance_trigger_id_fkey',
            ondelete='CASCADE',
        ),
        ForeignKeyConstraint(
            [dag_id, run_id],
            ["dag_run.dag_id", "dag_run.run_id"],
            name='task_instance_dag_run_fkey',
            ondelete="CASCADE",
        ),
    )
    dag_model = relationship(
        "DagModel",
        primaryjoin="TaskInstance.dag_id == DagModel.dag_id",
        foreign_keys=dag_id,
        uselist=False,
        innerjoin=True,
        viewonly=True,
    )
    trigger = relationship(
        "Trigger",
        primaryjoin="TaskInstance.trigger_id == Trigger.id",
        foreign_keys=trigger_id,
        uselist=False,
        innerjoin=True,
    )
    dag_run = relationship("DagRun", back_populates="task_instances")
    execution_date = association_proxy("dag_run", "execution_date")
    def __init__(