### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### Operating System

macOS 11.5.2

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Virtualenv installation

### Deployment details

_No response_

### What happened

If your first try fails and you have retries enabled, the subsequent tries skip right to the final `next_method(**next_kwargs)` instead of starting with `execute` again.

### What you expected to happen

Like we reset things like start date, we should wipe `next_method` and `next_kwargs` so we can retry the task from the beginning.

### How to reproduce

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

tests/models/test_taskinstance.py
start_date = timezone.datetime(2016, 6, 1)
        clear_db_runs()
        mock_on_failure_1 = mock.MagicMock()
        mock_on_retry_1 = mock.MagicMock()
        dag, task1 = create_dummy_dag(
            dag_id="test_handle_failure",
            schedule_interval=None,
            start_date=start_date,
            task_id="test_handle_failure_on_failure",
            with_dagrun_type=DagRunType.MANUAL,
            on_failure_callback=mock_on_failure_1,
            on_retry_callback=mock_on_retry_1,
            session=session,
        )
        dr = dag.create_dagrun(
            run_id="test2",
            run_type=DagRunType.MANUAL,
            execution_date=timezone.utcnow(),
            state=None,
            session=session,
        )
        ti1 = dr.get_task_instance(task1.task_id, session=session)
        ti1.task = task1