**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/vsnco5lyqpo3c/tests/:server:test/org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests/testScheduledRefresh

**Reproduction line:**
```
./gradlew ':server:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests.testScheduledRefresh" -Dtests.seed=72D17F6136232683 -Dtests.locale=es-HN -Dtests.timezone=America/Buenos_Aires -Druntime.java=20
```

**Applicable branches:**
main

**Reproduces locally?:**
No

**Failure history:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/scans/tests?tests.container=org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests&tests.test=testScheduledRefresh

**Failure excerpt:**
```
java.lang.AssertionError: (No message provided)

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([72D17F6136232683:84443C8B62B9FD0A]:0)
  at org.junit.Assert.fail(Assert.java:86)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertTrue(Assert.java:41)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertTrue(Assert.java:52)
  at org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShardTests.testScheduledRefresh(IndexShardTests.java:3854)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:104)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:578)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:48)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:843)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:490)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:850)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1623)

```
server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexShard.java
}
                    }, null);
                }
            }
            
            this.shardRouting = newRouting;
            assert this.shardRouting.primary() == false || this.shardRouting.started() == false || 
                                                                                                   
                this.indexShardOperationPermits.isBlocked() || 
                this.replicationTracker.isPrimaryMode()
                : "a started primary with non-pending operation term must be in primary mode " + this.shardRouting;
            shardStateUpdated.countDown();
        }
        if (currentRouting.active() == false && newRouting.active()) {
            indexEventListener.afterIndexShardStarted(this);
        }
        if (newRouting.equals(currentRouting) == false) {
            indexEventListener.shardRoutingChanged(this, currentRouting, newRouting);
        }
        if (indexSettings.isSoftDeleteEnabled() && useRetentionLeasesInPeerRecovery == false) {
            final RetentionLeases retentionLeases = replicationTracker.getRetentionLeases();
            boolean allShardsUseRetentionLeases = true;
            for (int copy = 0; copy < routingTable.size(); copy++) {
                ShardRouting shardRouting = routingTable.shard(copy);
                if (shardRouting.isPromotableToPrimary()) {
                    if (shardRouting.assignedToNode() == false
                        || retentionLeases.contains(ReplicationTracker.getPeerRecoveryRetentionLeaseId(shardRouting)) == false) {
                        allShardsUseRetentionLeases = false;
                        break;