### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### Operating System

macOS 11.5.2

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Virtualenv installation

### Deployment details

_No response_

### What happened

If your first try fails and you have retries enabled, the subsequent tries skip right to the final `next_method(**next_kwargs)` instead of starting with `execute` again.

### What you expected to happen

Like we reset things like start date, we should wipe `next_method` and `next_kwargs` so we can retry the task from the beginning.

### How to reproduce

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

airflow/models/taskinstance.py
"""Functions that need to be run before a Task is executed"""
        try:
            if task.on_execute_callback:
                task.on_execute_callback(context)
        except Exception:
            self.log.exception("Failed when executing execute callback")
    def _run_finished_callback(self, error: Optional[Union[str, Exception]] = None) -> None:
        """
        Call callback defined for finished state change.
        NOTE: Only invoke this function from caller of self._run_raw_task or
        self.run
        """
        if self.state == State.FAILED:
            task = self.task
            if task.on_failure_callback is not None:
                context = self.get_template_context()
                context["exception"] = error
                try:
                    task.on_failure_callback(context)
                except Exception:
                    self.log.exception("Error when executing on_failure_callback")
        elif self.state == State.SUCCESS:
            task = self.task
            if task.on_success_callback is not None:
                context = self.get_template_context()
                try:
                    task.on_success_callback(context)
                except Exception:
                    self.log.exception("Error when executing on_success_callback")
        elif self.state == State.UP_FOR_RETRY: