### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### Operating System

macOS 11.5.2

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Virtualenv installation

### Deployment details

_No response_

### What happened

If your first try fails and you have retries enabled, the subsequent tries skip right to the final `next_method(**next_kwargs)` instead of starting with `execute` again.

### What you expected to happen

Like we reset things like start date, we should wipe `next_method` and `next_kwargs` so we can retry the task from the beginning.

### How to reproduce

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

airflow/models/taskinstance.py
result = getattr(self, attr, None)  
        return result.strftime('%Y%m%dT%H%M%S') if result else ''
    def _log_state(self, lead_msg: str = ''):
        self.log.info(
            '%sMarking task as %s.'
            + ' dag_id=%s, task_id=%s,'
            + ' execution_date=%s, start_date=%s, end_date=%s',
            lead_msg,
            self.state.upper(),
            self.dag_id,
            self.task_id,
            self._date_or_empty('execution_date'),
            self._date_or_empty('start_date'),
            self._date_or_empty('end_date'),
        )
    @provide_session
    @Sentry.enrich_errors
    def _run_raw_task(
        self,
        mark_success: bool = False,
        test_mode: bool = False,
        job_id: Optional[str] = None,
        pool: Optional[str] = None,
        error_file: Optional[str] = None,
        session=None,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Immediately runs the task (without checking or changing db state
        before execution) and then sets the appropriate final state after
        completion and runs any post-execute callbacks. Meant to be called