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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fused%20%28album%29	Fused is the second solo album by Black Sabbath guitarist Tony Iommi, released in 2005. The album also features vocalist/bassist Glenn Hughes (who briefly fronted Black Sabbath in the mid-1980s, assuming vocal duties on the album Seventh Star – an album that was originally intended to be Iommi's first solo album) and drummer Kenny Aronoff. The album was recorded in Monnow Valley Studios, Wales in December 2004 and BHM's studio in Warwickshire, England, and was produced by Bob Marlette (who also contributed keyboards and bass on the album) and Iommi. Fused reached number 34 on Billboard's Top Heatseekers chart. Track listing Personnel per liner notes Tony Iommi – lead and rhythm guitars, additional production Glenn Hughes – vocals, bass Kenny Aronoff – drums Bob Marlette – keyboards, bass, production, engineering Mike Exeter – additional engineering, programming Hugh Gilmour – artwork, design Ralph Baker – executive producer Jeff Greenberg – legal at Beldock, Levine & Hoffman, NYC JMO Design – logo Dick Beetham – mastering Sid Riggs – programming Mike Clement – equipment technician Charts References External links Fused at Black Sabbath Online 2005 albums Sanctuary Records albums Glenn Hughes albums Collaborative albums Albums produced by Bob Marlette Tony Iommi albums	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fused%20%28album%29", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Fused is the second solo album by Black Sabbath guitarist Tony Iommi, released in 2005. The album also features vocalist/bassist Glenn Hughes (who briefly fronted Black Sabbath in the mid-1980s, assuming vocal duties on the album Seventh Star – an album that was originally intended to be Iommi's first solo album) and drummer Kenny Aronoff.\n\nThe album was recorded in Monnow Valley Studios, Wales in December 2004 and BHM's studio in Warwickshire, England, and was produced by Bob Marlette (who also contributed keyboards and bass on the album) and Iommi. Fused reached number 34 on Billboard's Top Heatseekers chart.\n\nTrack listing\n\nPersonnel \nper liner notes\nTony Iommi – lead and rhythm guitars, additional production\nGlenn Hughes – vocals, bass\nKenny Aronoff – drums\nBob Marlette – keyboards, bass, production, engineering\nMike Exeter – additional engineering, programming\nHugh Gilmour – artwork, design\nRalph Baker – executive producer\nJeff Greenberg – legal at Beldock, Levine & Hoffman, NYC\nJMO Design – logo\nDick Beetham – mastering\nSid Riggs – programming\nMike Clement – equipment technician\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \nFused at Black Sabbath Online\n\n2005 albums\nSanctuary Records albums\nGlenn Hughes albums\nCollaborative albums\nAlbums produced by Bob Marlette\nTony Iommi albums", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil%20Stein	Gil Stein may refer to: Gil Stein (archaeologist), American archaeologist and current director of the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago Gil Stein (ice hockey) (1928–2022), former president of the National Hockey League See also Jill Stein (born 1950), US Green politician Jill Stein (restaurateur), British restaurateur for The Seafood Restaurant, and interior designer	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil%20Stein", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Gil Stein may refer to:\n\nGil Stein (archaeologist), American archaeologist and current director of the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago\nGil Stein (ice hockey) (1928–2022), former president of the National Hockey League\n\nSee also \nJill Stein (born 1950), US Green politician\n Jill Stein (restaurateur), British restaurateur for The Seafood Restaurant, and interior designer", "role": "assistant" } ]
1955 Pan American Games	The 1955 Pan American Games opened on March 12, 1955, in the University Stadium (now Olympic Stadium) in Mexico City, Mexico, in front of a capacity crowd of 100,000 spectators. A total number of 2,583 athletes from 22 nations marched in review and formed ranks upon the infield. The nations paraded into the stadium in Spanish alphabetical order: Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile, El Salvador, United States, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Mexico. The hot sun, combined with the high altitude, caused two members of the U.S. team to collapse. Both quickly recovered. Host city selection On March 6, 1951, the Pan American Sports Organization (PASO) selected Mexico City over Guatemala City to host the II Pan American Games. Seventeen of the eighteen countries participated in the vote, with El Salvador abstaining. Guatemala City received two votes, one from Guatemala and one from Mexico, and Mexico City received the remaining fifteen votes. Medal table Sports Cycling () Road (2) Track (3) Gymnastics () Artistic (12) References External links Mexico City 1955 - II Pan American Games - Official Report at PanamSports.org	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "1955 Pan American Games", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The 1955 Pan American Games opened on March 12, 1955, in the University Stadium (now Olympic Stadium) in Mexico City, Mexico, in front of a capacity crowd of 100,000 spectators.\n\nA total number of 2,583 athletes from 22 nations marched in review and formed ranks upon the infield. The nations paraded into the stadium in Spanish alphabetical order: Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile, El Salvador, United States, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Mexico. The hot sun, combined with the high altitude, caused two members of the U.S. team to collapse. Both quickly recovered.\n\nHost city selection \nOn March 6, 1951, the Pan American Sports Organization (PASO) selected Mexico City over Guatemala City to host the II Pan American Games. Seventeen of the eighteen countries participated in the vote, with El Salvador abstaining. Guatemala City received two votes, one from Guatemala and one from Mexico, and Mexico City received the remaining fifteen votes.\n\nMedal table\n\nSports\n\n \n \n \n \n Cycling ()\n Road (2)\n Track (3)\n \n \n \n \n Gymnastics ()\n Artistic (12)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Mexico City 1955 - II Pan American Games - Official Report at PanamSports.org", "role": "assistant" } ]
List of newspapers in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	This is a list of newspapers in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Weekly The News The Vincentian Searchlight Daily The Herald Other SVG Express The VincyView See also Lists of newspapers References Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Newspapers Newspapers	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "List of newspapers in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", "role": "user" }, { "content": "This is a list of newspapers in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.\n\nWeekly \nThe News\nThe Vincentian\nSearchlight\n\nDaily \n\n The Herald\n\nOther \n SVG Express\n The VincyView\n\nSee also\nLists of newspapers\n\nReferences \n\nSaint Vincent and the Grenadines\nNewspapers\n\nNewspapers", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilkington%20XXX%20F.C.	Pilkington XXX Football Club was a football club based in Birmingham, England. They joined the Midland Combination Division Three in 1998. In 2002, they changed their name from Burman Hi-Ton. They resigned from the Midland League Division One at the end of the 2015-16 season. History It is unclear exactly when the club was formed – the club itself notes that the present name was adopted in 2002 but does not state when the earlier incarnation had actually been formed. It is known that the club, under its previous name of Burman Hi-Ton F.C., won the Birmingham Works League Division One in the 1996–97 season and joined the Midland Combination in 1998, where the team won the Division Three championship at the first attempt. In 2001–02 the team won the Division Two title to gain promotion to Division One, whereupon the club adopted its present name. Success again came quickly in Division One, with a runners-up spot in 2003–04 gaining the team promotion to the Premier Division. Club records Best league performance: 5th in Midland Combination Premier Division, 2006–07 Best FA Cup performance: First Qualifying Round 2010–11 Best FA Vase performance: Second Round Proper, 2008–09 References History page of official club website External links Pilkington XXX Football Club Football clubs in England Midland Football Combination Sport in Birmingham, West Midlands Football clubs in Birmingham, West Midlands Defunct football clubs in the West Midlands (county) Midland Football League Association football clubs disestablished in 2016 Association football clubs established in 1931 2016 disestablishments in England Works association football teams in England	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilkington%20XXX%20F.C.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Pilkington XXX Football Club was a football club based in Birmingham, England. They joined the Midland Combination Division Three in 1998. In 2002, they changed their name from Burman Hi-Ton. They resigned from the Midland League Division One at the end of the 2015-16 season.\n\nHistory\nIt is unclear exactly when the club was formed – the club itself notes that the present name was adopted in 2002 but does not state when the earlier incarnation had actually been formed. It is known that the club, under its previous name of Burman Hi-Ton F.C., won the Birmingham Works League Division One in the 1996–97 season and joined the Midland Combination in 1998, where the team won the Division Three championship at the first attempt.\n\nIn 2001–02 the team won the Division Two title to gain promotion to Division One, whereupon the club adopted its present name. Success again came quickly in Division One, with a runners-up spot in 2003–04 gaining the team promotion to the Premier Division.\n\nClub records\nBest league performance: 5th in Midland Combination Premier Division, 2006–07\nBest FA Cup performance: First Qualifying Round 2010–11\nBest FA Vase performance: Second Round Proper, 2008–09\n\nReferences\nHistory page of official club website\n\nExternal links\n Pilkington XXX Football Club\n\nFootball clubs in England\nMidland Football Combination\nSport in Birmingham, West Midlands\nFootball clubs in Birmingham, West Midlands\nDefunct football clubs in the West Midlands (county)\nMidland Football League\nAssociation football clubs disestablished in 2016\nAssociation football clubs established in 1931\n2016 disestablishments in England\nWorks association football teams in England", "role": "assistant" } ]
Presidential Palace, Nicosia	The Presidential Palace ( Proedrikó Mégaro ) is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the Republic of Cyprus. It is located close to the centre of Nicosia, the capital city of Cyprus, and is surrounded by a thick pine woodland. History The original building was a prefabricated structure erected in November 1878 on a site known as Snake Hill, on which Richard the Lionheart is said to have set up camp. The building was shipped by the war office from London to Ceylon, its original destination; but by the time it reached Port Said, it was no longer required there, and was diverted to Cyprus. The building arrived in Larnaca and was transported to Nicosia in boxes on the backs of camels. The building was burned down during the pro-Enosis riots of 21 October 1931. As a result of the disturbances, a special law was enacted by Sir Ronald Storrs, the Governor of Cyprus, on 21 December 1931, whereby the Greek Cypriot inhabitants had to pay for the building of a new Government House. A total of £34,315 was demanded, payable by 30 June 1932. The amounts required from various towns included £14,000 from Nicosia, £5,500 from Limassol, £5000 from Famagusta, £2000 from Larnaca, £500 from Paphos, and £6315 from villages. The new building was designed by Maurice Webb of the firm of Sir Aston Webb & Sons, Westminster, London. Construction was undertaken by J V Hamilton & L F Weldon of the Public Works Department, Nicosia. The main structure was built of Yerolakkos sandstone, with harder sandstone from Limassol used for the staircases. Construction was completed in 1937, at a total cost of £70,000. Among the Palace's most prominent features are the British coat-of-arms, and four gargoyles with human heads depicting the British general foreman in charge of construction, the head mason, the head carpenter, and an unknown labourer. The building was originally named Government House; in 1960, it was renamed the Presidential Palace. The structure was gutted by fire during the coup d'état by the Cypriot National Guard and EOKA-B on 15 July 1974, and was rebuilt by the Public Works Department and Philippou Brothers in 1977. The rebuilding costs were paid by the Greek Government. On 28 May 2010, it was announced that the building was to have a €1.2 million upgrade to reduce its carbon emissions. The project included solar panels in the car park, a new ventilation system, and replacement of windows. A further €2.7 million was spent to build a new hall for Cyprus's 2012 European Union Presidency. The new hall opened on 17 May 2012; it can seat 500 people, or 300 if seated by table. See also Government Houses of the British Empire and Commonwealth References External links Presidency of the Republic of Cyprus, The Presidential Palace Cyprus and the Commonwealth of Nations Official residences in Cyprus Presidential residences Buildings and structures in Nicosia Government Houses of the British Empire and Commonwealth	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "Presidential Palace, Nicosia", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Presidential Palace ( Proedrikó Mégaro ) is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the Republic of Cyprus. It is located close to the centre of Nicosia, the capital city of Cyprus, and is surrounded by a thick pine woodland.\n\nHistory\n\nThe original building was a prefabricated structure erected in November 1878 on a site known as Snake Hill, on which Richard the Lionheart is said to have set up camp. The building was shipped by the war office from London to Ceylon, its original destination; but by the time it reached Port Said, it was no longer required there, and was diverted to Cyprus. The building arrived in Larnaca and was transported to Nicosia in boxes on the backs of camels.\n\nThe building was burned down during the pro-Enosis riots of 21 October 1931. As a result of the disturbances, a special law was enacted by Sir Ronald Storrs, the Governor of Cyprus, on 21 December 1931, whereby the Greek Cypriot inhabitants had to pay for the building of a new Government House. A total of £34,315 was demanded, payable by 30 June 1932. The amounts required from various towns included £14,000 from Nicosia, £5,500 from Limassol, £5000 from Famagusta, £2000 from Larnaca, £500 from Paphos, and £6315 from villages.\n\nThe new building was designed by Maurice Webb of the firm of Sir Aston Webb & Sons, Westminster, London. Construction was undertaken by J V Hamilton & L F Weldon of the Public Works Department, Nicosia. The main structure was built of Yerolakkos sandstone, with harder sandstone from Limassol used for the staircases. Construction was completed in 1937, at a total cost of £70,000. Among the Palace's most prominent features are the British coat-of-arms, and four gargoyles with human heads depicting the British general foreman in charge of construction, the head mason, the head carpenter, and an unknown labourer. The building was originally named Government House; in 1960, it was renamed the Presidential Palace.\n\nThe structure was gutted by fire during the coup d'état by the Cypriot National Guard and EOKA-B on 15 July 1974, and was rebuilt by the Public Works Department and Philippou Brothers in 1977. The rebuilding costs were paid by the Greek Government.\n\nOn 28 May 2010, it was announced that the building was to have a €1.2 million upgrade to reduce its carbon emissions. The project included solar panels in the car park, a new ventilation system, and replacement of windows. A further €2.7 million was spent to build a new hall for Cyprus's 2012 European Union Presidency. The new hall opened on 17 May 2012; it can seat 500 people, or 300 if seated by table.\n\nSee also\n\nGovernment Houses of the British Empire and Commonwealth\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nPresidency of the Republic of Cyprus, The Presidential Palace\n\nCyprus and the Commonwealth of Nations\nOfficial residences in Cyprus\nPresidential residences\nBuildings and structures in Nicosia\nGovernment Houses of the British Empire and Commonwealth", "role": "assistant" } ]
Jawahar Planetarium	The Jawahar Planetarium is located in the city of Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh, India. It was built in 1979 and is situated beside Anand Bhavan the former residence of the Nehru-Gandhi family and now a museum. It is managed by the 'Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund' (established 1964), which has its headquarters at Teen Murti House, New Delhi. Each year, the prestigious 'Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Lecture' is also held at the planetarium, organised under the auspices of Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund on the birth anniversary of India's first prime minister, 14 November. See also Astrotourism in India Nehru Planetarium Swami Vivekananda Planetarium, Mangalore List of tourist attractions in Prayagraj List of planetariums References Planetaria in India Buildings and structures in Prayagraj Tourist attractions in Prayagraj 1979 establishments in Uttar Pradesh Education in Prayagraj Science and technology in Prayagraj Monuments and memorials to Jawaharlal Nehru	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "Jawahar Planetarium", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Jawahar Planetarium is located in the city of Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh, India. It was built in 1979 and is situated beside Anand Bhavan the former residence of the Nehru-Gandhi family and now a museum. It is managed by the 'Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund' (established 1964), which has its headquarters at Teen Murti House, New Delhi.\n\nEach year, the prestigious 'Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Lecture' is also held at the planetarium, organised under the auspices of Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund on the birth anniversary of India's first prime minister, 14 November.\n\nSee also\n\n Astrotourism in India\n Nehru Planetarium\n Swami Vivekananda Planetarium, Mangalore\n List of tourist attractions in Prayagraj\n List of planetariums\n\nReferences \n\nPlanetaria in India\nBuildings and structures in Prayagraj\nTourist attractions in Prayagraj\n1979 establishments in Uttar Pradesh\nEducation in Prayagraj\nScience and technology in Prayagraj\nMonuments and memorials to Jawaharlal Nehru", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randa%2C%20Switzerland	Randa is a municipality in the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It is located between the Weisshorn and the Dom in the Matter Valley. The village is accessible by road and rail, and it has a campsite which offers a taxi service to Zermatt, a car-free town. The Glacier Express train line also connects Randa to Zermatt. History Randa is first mentioned in 1305 as Randa. In 1819, the village was almost totally destroyed by the blast from a huge avalanche that fell nearby. In 1991, a portion of the village was flooded following a large rockslide from a cliff above the town. Randa is a two-hour hike from the Charles Kuonen Suspension Bridge, the world's longest simple suspension bridge for pedestrians. It was opened in 2017 as part of the Europaweg, the scenic hiking route between Grächen and Zermatt. Geography Randa has an area, , of . Of this area, 8.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 9.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and 81.5% is unproductive land. The municipality is located in the Visp district, in the Matter valley. It consists of the village of Randa and the hamlets of Lerch, Wildi and Attermänze. Coat of arms The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Divided by a Bend Argent, Gules a Mullet [of Six] of the First and Vert an Edelweiss proper slipped. Demographics Randa has a population () of . , 22.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010 ) the population has changed at a rate of -9.7%. It has changed at a rate of -3.5% due to migration and at a rate of -2.8% due to births and deaths. Most of the population () speaks German (320 or 79.2%) as their first language, Albanian is the second most common (55 or 13.6%) and Serbo-Croatian is the third (17 or 4.2%). There is 1 person who speaks French, 1 person who speaks Italian. , the population was 46.7% male and 53.3% female. The population was made up of 133 Swiss men (33.9% of the population) and 50 (12.8%) non-Swiss men. There were 160 Swiss women (40.8%) and 49 (12.5%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 240 or about 59.4% were born in Randa and lived there in 2000. There were 51 or 12.6% who were born in the same canton, while 26 or 6.4% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 84 or 20.8% were born outside of Switzerland. , children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 27.7% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 59.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 12.6%. , there were 195 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 188 married individuals, 16 widows or widowers and 5 individuals who are divorced. , there were 146 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.8 persons per household. There were 40 households that consist of only one person and 22 households with five or more people. , a total of 145 apartments (43.0% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 151 apartments (44.8%) were seasonally occupied and 41 apartments (12.2%) were empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0.29%. The historical population is given in the following chart: Politics In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 72.09% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (12.69%), the SVP (11.9%) and the Green Party (1.66%). In the federal election, a total of 166 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 59.3%. In the 2009 Conseil d'État/Staatsrat election a total of 147 votes were cast, of which 14 or about 9.5% were invalid. The voter participation was 54.2%, which is similar to the cantonal average of 54.67%. In the 2007 Swiss Council of States election a total of 164 votes were cast, of which 6 or about 3.7% were invalid. The voter participation was 59.6%, which is similar to the cantonal average of 59.88%. Economy , Randa had an unemployment rate of 3.1%. , there were 32 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 11 businesses involved in this sector. 46 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 6 businesses in this sector. 35 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 11 businesses in this sector. There were 188 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.0% of the workforce. the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 86. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 13, of which 6 were in agriculture and 7 were in forestry or lumber production. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 46 of which 9 or (19.6%) were in manufacturing and 37 (80.4%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 27. In the tertiary sector; 1 was in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 2 or 7.4% were in the movement and storage of goods, 12 or 44.4% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 2 or 7.4% were technical professionals or scientists, 5 or 18.5% were in education. , there were 19 workers who commuted into the municipality and 138 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 7.3 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 46.3% used public transportation to get to work, and 35.6% used a private car. Religion From the , 328 or 81.2% were Roman Catholic, while 11 or 2.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 4 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.99% of the population). There were 55 (or about 13.61% of the population) who were Islamic. 1 (or about 0.25% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 5 individuals (or about 1.24% of the population) did not answer the question. Education In Randa about 178 or (44.1%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13 or (3.2%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 13 who completed tertiary schooling, 76.9% were Swiss men, 15.4% were Swiss women. , there was one student in Randa who came from another municipality, while 28 residents attended schools outside the municipality. References External links Official website	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randa%2C%20Switzerland", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Randa is a municipality in the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It is located between the Weisshorn and the Dom in the Matter Valley. The village is accessible by road and rail, and it has a campsite which offers a taxi service to Zermatt, a car-free town. The Glacier Express train line also connects Randa to Zermatt.\n\nHistory\n\nRanda is first mentioned in 1305 as Randa.\n\nIn 1819, the village was almost totally destroyed by the blast from a huge avalanche that fell nearby.\n\nIn 1991, a portion of the village was flooded following a large rockslide from a cliff above the town.\n\nRanda is a two-hour hike from the Charles Kuonen Suspension Bridge, the world's longest simple suspension bridge for pedestrians. It was opened in 2017 as part of the Europaweg, the scenic hiking route between Grächen and Zermatt.\n\nGeography\n\nRanda has an area, , of . Of this area, 8.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 9.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and 81.5% is unproductive land.\n\nThe municipality is located in the Visp district, in the Matter valley. It consists of the village of Randa and the hamlets of Lerch, Wildi and Attermänze.\n\nCoat of arms\nThe blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Divided by a Bend Argent, Gules a Mullet [of Six] of the First and Vert an Edelweiss proper slipped.\n\nDemographics\n\nRanda has a population () of . , 22.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010 ) the population has changed at a rate of -9.7%. It has changed at a rate of -3.5% due to migration and at a rate of -2.8% due to births and deaths.\n\nMost of the population () speaks German (320 or 79.2%) as their first language, Albanian is the second most common (55 or 13.6%) and Serbo-Croatian is the third (17 or 4.2%). There is 1 person who speaks French, 1 person who speaks Italian.\n\n, the population was 46.7% male and 53.3% female. The population was made up of 133 Swiss men (33.9% of the population) and 50 (12.8%) non-Swiss men. There were 160 Swiss women (40.8%) and 49 (12.5%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 240 or about 59.4% were born in Randa and lived there in 2000. There were 51 or 12.6% who were born in the same canton, while 26 or 6.4% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 84 or 20.8% were born outside of Switzerland.\n\n, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 27.7% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 59.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 12.6%.\n\n, there were 195 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 188 married individuals, 16 widows or widowers and 5 individuals who are divorced.\n\n, there were 146 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.8 persons per household. There were 40 households that consist of only one person and 22 households with five or more people. , a total of 145 apartments (43.0% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 151 apartments (44.8%) were seasonally occupied and 41 apartments (12.2%) were empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0.29%.\n\nThe historical population is given in the following chart:\n\nPolitics\nIn the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 72.09% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (12.69%), the SVP (11.9%) and the Green Party (1.66%). In the federal election, a total of 166 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 59.3%.\n\nIn the 2009 Conseil d'État/Staatsrat election a total of 147 votes were cast, of which 14 or about 9.5% were invalid. The voter participation was 54.2%, which is similar to the cantonal average of 54.67%. In the 2007 Swiss Council of States election a total of 164 votes were cast, of which 6 or about 3.7% were invalid. The voter participation was 59.6%, which is similar to the cantonal average of 59.88%.\n\nEconomy\n\n, Randa had an unemployment rate of 3.1%. , there were 32 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 11 businesses involved in this sector. 46 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 6 businesses in this sector. 35 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 11 businesses in this sector. There were 188 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.0% of the workforce.\n\n the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 86. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 13, of which 6 were in agriculture and 7 were in forestry or lumber production. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 46 of which 9 or (19.6%) were in manufacturing and 37 (80.4%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 27. In the tertiary sector; 1 was in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 2 or 7.4% were in the movement and storage of goods, 12 or 44.4% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 2 or 7.4% were technical professionals or scientists, 5 or 18.5% were in education.\n\n, there were 19 workers who commuted into the municipality and 138 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 7.3 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 46.3% used public transportation to get to work, and 35.6% used a private car.\n\nReligion\nFrom the , 328 or 81.2% were Roman Catholic, while 11 or 2.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 4 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.99% of the population). There were 55 (or about 13.61% of the population) who were Islamic. 1 (or about 0.25% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 5 individuals (or about 1.24% of the population) did not answer the question.\n\nEducation\nIn Randa about 178 or (44.1%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13 or (3.2%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 13 who completed tertiary schooling, 76.9% were Swiss men, 15.4% were Swiss women.\n\n, there was one student in Randa who came from another municipality, while 28 residents attended schools outside the municipality.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11AM%20%28TV%20program%29	11AM (also known as Eleven AM) is an Australian news magazine television program that aired on the Seven Network from 11 am AEST to midday from 1975 to 1999. Overview The hour-long news magazine program started on 13 October 1975 with Roger Climpson presenting, with a number of high-profile presenters since, including Clive Robertson, Steve Liebmann, Vincent Smith, Paul Lyneham, Kerry O'Brien, Don Willesee, Helen Wellings, Richard Zachariah, Ann Sanders and Sonia Kruger, among others. Ross Symonds, Darren McDonald, Melissa Doyle and Cameron Williams all featured as news presenters throughout the shows life. Its most famous presenter was comedian Graham Kennedy. It last aired on 28 May 1999, presented by Melissa Doyle, who was filling in for Anne Fulwood (who had already moved to Seven News Melbourne) and Andrew Daddo. Fulwood went on to co-anchor Seven News in Melbourne with David Johnston, and Daddo to present entertainment programs. 11AM was the forerunner to Seven Morning News, Sunrise and The Morning Show. References 1970s Australian television series 1982 Australian television series debuts 1999 Australian television series endings Australian television news shows Seven News	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11AM%20%28TV%20program%29", "role": "user" }, { "content": "11AM (also known as Eleven AM) is an Australian news magazine television program that aired on the Seven Network from 11 am AEST to midday from 1975 to 1999.\n\nOverview \nThe hour-long news magazine program started on 13 October 1975 with Roger Climpson presenting, with a number of high-profile presenters since, including Clive Robertson, Steve Liebmann, Vincent Smith, Paul Lyneham, Kerry O'Brien, Don Willesee, Helen Wellings, Richard Zachariah, Ann Sanders and Sonia Kruger, among others. Ross Symonds, Darren McDonald, Melissa Doyle and Cameron Williams all featured as news presenters throughout the shows life.\n\nIts most famous presenter was comedian Graham Kennedy.\n\nIt last aired on 28 May 1999, presented by Melissa Doyle, who was filling in for Anne Fulwood (who had already moved to Seven News Melbourne) and Andrew Daddo. Fulwood went on to co-anchor Seven News in Melbourne with David Johnston, and Daddo to present entertainment programs. 11AM was the forerunner to Seven Morning News, Sunrise and The Morning Show.\n\nReferences\n\n1970s Australian television series\n1982 Australian television series debuts\n1999 Australian television series endings\nAustralian television news shows\nSeven News", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major%20League%20Baseball%20Umpires%20Association	The Major League Baseball Umpires Association (MLBUA) is an organization of Major League Baseball (MLB) umpires. It was certified by the National Labor Relations Board on February 24, 2000, as the World Umpires Association (WUA) as a bargaining agent. It took over as the bargaining agent for MLB umpires after the 2000 MLB season, replacing the Major League Umpires Association (MLUA), which dated back to 1970, and has since been responsible for defending their personal since. On July 17, 2018, it rebranded itself as the Major League Baseball Umpires Association. Formation The MLUA, led by longtime negotiating attorney Richie Phillips, was decertified by its member umpires (by a vote of 57 to 35) in February 2000, after Phillips' strategy of mass resignations in September 1999 backfired, with MLB simply accepting many of the resignations and promoting new umpires from the minor leagues. The WUA was created immediately afterward. Its first president was working umpire John Hirschbeck, who held the position from 2000 to 2009. He was replaced by Joe West in February 2009. The formation of the WUA allowed longtime umpires Derryl Cousins and John Shulock to finally join the umpires' union. They were denied membership by the MLUA due to crossing the picket line during the 1979 umpires' strike. In December 2009, the WUA reached an agreement with MLB on a five-year labor agreement, to run through December 2014 – members of the union voted to ratify the contract in January 2010. A new labor contract was subsequently ratified in January 2015 and ran until the end of 2019. On July 17, 2018, the union rebranded itself as the Major League Baseball Umpires Association. Leadership As of 2021, board members Bill Miller (President), Ted Barrett (Vice-President), and Dan Bellino (Secretary/Treasurer) make up the executive board for the union. Will Little, Laz Díaz, Chris Conroy, Chris Guccione, Tom Hallion, and Tim Timmons compose the remainder of the governing body. All members of the governing and executive boards are active umpires. Legal counsel for the union is Altshuler Berzon, LLP of San Francisco, California. Presidents John Hirschbeck (2000–2009) Joe West (2009–2018) Bill Miller (2019–present) References External links Major League Baseball labor relations Sports officiating Sports trade unions of the United States Trade unions established in 2000	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major%20League%20Baseball%20Umpires%20Association", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Major League Baseball Umpires Association (MLBUA) is an organization of Major League Baseball (MLB) umpires. It was certified by the National Labor Relations Board on February 24, 2000, as the World Umpires Association (WUA) as a bargaining agent. It took over as the bargaining agent for MLB umpires after the 2000 MLB season, replacing the Major League Umpires Association (MLUA), which dated back to 1970, and has since been responsible for defending their personal since. On July 17, 2018, it rebranded itself as the Major League Baseball Umpires Association.\n\nFormation\nThe MLUA, led by longtime negotiating attorney Richie Phillips, was decertified by its member umpires (by a vote of 57 to 35) in February 2000, after Phillips' strategy of mass resignations in September 1999 backfired, with MLB simply accepting many of the resignations and promoting new umpires from the minor leagues. The WUA was created immediately afterward. Its first president was working umpire John Hirschbeck, who held the position from 2000 to 2009. He was replaced by Joe West in February 2009.\n\nThe formation of the WUA allowed longtime umpires Derryl Cousins and John Shulock to finally join the umpires' union. They were denied membership by the MLUA due to crossing the picket line during the 1979 umpires' strike. \n\nIn December 2009, the WUA reached an agreement with MLB on a five-year labor agreement, to run through December 2014 – members of the union voted to ratify the contract in January 2010. A new labor contract was subsequently ratified in January 2015 and ran until the end of 2019.\n\nOn July 17, 2018, the union rebranded itself as the Major League Baseball Umpires Association.\n\nLeadership\nAs of 2021, board members Bill Miller (President), Ted Barrett (Vice-President), and Dan Bellino (Secretary/Treasurer) make up the executive board for the union. Will Little, Laz Díaz, Chris Conroy, Chris Guccione, Tom Hallion, and Tim Timmons compose the remainder of the governing body. All members of the governing and executive boards are active umpires. Legal counsel for the union is Altshuler Berzon, LLP of San Francisco, California.\n\nPresidents\n John Hirschbeck (2000–2009)\n Joe West (2009–2018)\n Bill Miller (2019–present)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nMajor League Baseball labor relations\nSports officiating\nSports trade unions of the United States\nTrade unions established in 2000", "role": "assistant" } ]
Bolivian Army	The Bolivian Army () is the land force branch of the Armed Forces of Bolivia. Figures on the size and composition of the Bolivian army vary considerably, with little official data available. It is estimated that the army has between 26,000 and 60,000 men. Organization Combat units directly under the Army general command 1st Infantry Regiment Colorados (Presidential Guard), contains two 2 battalions: BI-201 and BI-202 BATCOM-251, Gen. maintenance cen. no. 1 Transport batt. no. 1. 1st National parks Security Regiment Special forces command The Special Forces command controls the following units: 1st Ranger Regt. German Busch, Challapata 12th Ranger Regt. "MANCHEGO", Montero 16th Infantry Regt. JORDAN, Riberalta (Special Forces) 18th Parachute Infantry Regiment VICTORIA "Army Special Troops Training Center", Cochabamba 24th Ranger Regiment (Mountain) MÉNDEZ ARCOS, Challapata Army aviation command 291st Cavalry Group (La Paz) Army aviation company 291 (La Paz) army aviation company 292 (Santa Cruz) Regional The Bolivian Army has six military regions (regiones militares—RMs) covering the various Departments of Bolivia: RM 1, La Paz, most of La Paz Department: 1st Army Division, 1st Mechanized Division, 297th MPB C.L.Saavedra (Military Police battalion), 296th En Btn CNL R.C.Zabalegui (ecological batt.), BE-297 (ecolog. batt.), BATLOG-1 (Logistics btn.), 291st Air Group, 1st Military Hospital, Military Police School, Army Equestrian Center, Military College of Bolivia "COL Gustavo Villaroel Lopez", Army School of Intelligence, Army Engineers School MCAL Antonio Jose de Sucre, Army Signals and Communications School, Army Armor School, Army 1st Engineering Regiment CPN Felipe Ochoa "Army Engineering and Maintenance Center", Bolivian Army Military School of Music "LTCOL Antonio Patino" RM 2, Potosí, covering the departments of Oruro and Potosí: 2nd and 10th ADs,1st RR, 24th RR M.Arcos (ranger regt.), ADA-202 (a.a. group), Army Mountain School RM 3, Tarija, consisting of Tarija Department and eastern Chuquisaca and southern Santa Cruz:3rd and 4th AD RM 4, Sucre, covering the departments of Cochabamba and northern Chuquisaca: 7th Army Division, 272nd MP Btn., BATLOG-2 (long.Batt), mili.hospital no2, Army Arsensals Cochabamba, Army Command and Staff College MSHL Antonio de Santa Cruz, Army NCO School "SGT M. Paredez", Army Artillery School, 18th PIR "Victoria" (Army Special Troops Training Center), Army NCOs and Warrant Officers Advance Studies Institute, Army Arms Applications School, 1LT Edmundo Andrade Military High School RM 5, Cobija, encompassing the Pando Department and parts of La Paz and Beni departments: 6th AD, 16th IR Jordan (special forces), Army Jungle Operations School RM 6, Santa Cruz, covering most of Santa Cruz Department: 5th and 8th ADs, 273rd MPB R.Amezaga (Military Police), BE-298 (ecological batt.), 12th RR Manchego (ranger), BATLOG-3 (logist. batt.), 292 army aviation company, Bolivian Condores school (special forces), 6th IR Army Divisions The army is organized into ten territorial divisions, titled Army Divisions (AD), plus a mechanized division, each of which, with the exception of Viacha, occupy a region generally corresponding to the administrative departments, with some overlapping. These and their respective divisional headquarters and constituent units are: 1st Mechanized Division Viacha (La Paz Department): 1st Field Artillery Regiment "Camacho", 6th Air Defense Artillery Regiment, 23rd IR (Mechanized Infantry Training), 4th IR Tarapaca (Mech.) 5th ACR, 2nd ACR (Training), 1st Armor Regiment, 8th IR (Mech) "Ayacucho", 2nd Artillery Regt., 6th ADA Regt. 1st AD, Viacha (La Paz Department): 36th IR, 35th IR, 30th IR Murillo (mountain), 2nd CEB G.F.Roman. 2nd AD (Mountain), Oruro: 21st IR Illimani (Mountain), RI 22 Mejillones, 25th RI (Mountain Training) Tocopilla, RC 8 Braun, Bat.Ing. 7 Sajama. 3rd AD, Villamontes (Tarija Department): 5th IR Campero, RI 20 Padilla, RC 3 Aroma, RA 3 Pisagua, 1st CEB Chorolque. 4th AD, Camiri (Santa Cruz Department):, 6th Infantry Regiment Campos, RI 11 Boqueron, 1st Cavalry Regt. "E. Avaroa", FAR 4 Bullian 5th AD, Roboré (Santa Cruz Department): RI 13 Montes, RI 14 Florida, RI 15 Junin, RC 6 Castrillo, RA 5 Vergara 6th AD, Trinidad: RI 17 Indepedencia, RI 29 Echevarria, RI 31 Rios, RI 32 Murguia, 2nd Cavalry Regt. Ballivan, 8th AR Mendez (reserve), Bat.Ing. 6 Riosinho. 7th Army Division, Cochabamba (the largest):, 18th Parachute Infantry Regiment "Victoria" (Army Special Troops Training Center), 26th IR R.Barrientos (mech.) 29th PIR "CPT V.Ustariz" (airborne), 7th FA Regt. Tumusia, Bat.Ing.5 T.N.Ovando, 3rd Mil. Police Regt. 8th AD, Santa Cruz: RI 7 Marzana, RI 10 Warnes (mech.), RC 10 G.M.J.M. Mercado, RA 9 Mitre (reserve), Bat.Ing. 3 Pando. 9th AD (Reserve), Rurrenabaque: the Division has been reduced to reserve status and its component units have been divided up between DE-1 and DE-6 10th AD, Tupiz: 2nd Infantry Regiment "Marshal Antonio Jose de Sucre", 3rd IR "Juan Jose Perez", RI 4 Loa, RI 27 Antofagasta, 7th ACR Chichas (Armored Cavalry), RA 12 Ayohuma (reserve) Regimental abbreviations RIE/IR/PIR: infantry regiment RC/ACR: cavalry regiment RA: artillery regiment Bat.Ing./CEB: Engineer battalion The 11 divisions control the following units: eight cavalry regiments, included two mechanized regiments twenty-three infantry regiments included two airborne and two mountain one recce. mechanized regiments and one armored regiment two ranger regiments and one special forces regiment six artillery regiments and plus three in reserve one artillery and anti-air group one artillery and anti-air Regiment three military police battalions three ecological battalions two army aviation companies six engineer battalions Plus logistical and instructional support commands Presidential Guard (Bolivian Colorados Regiment) infantry regiment under direct control of the army headquarters in La Paz's Miraflores district The Army maintains a small fleet of utility aircraft, primarily to support headquarters. Equipment Vehicles Aircraft Uniforms Army officers, NCOs, and enlisted personnel generally wear gray service uniforms. In tropical areas they wear gray-green service uniforms. Army fatigue uniforms are olive green, and combat uniforms consist of US woodland pattern camouflage and desert pattern camouflage. The standard headgear for enlisted personnel is a beret bearing the national colors of red, yellow, and green. Armored troops and paratroopers are distinguished by black berets. Special forces wear distinctive camouflage uniforms with green berets. See also List of wars involving Bolivia References External links Official site (Spanish) Bolivian Army Adopts Cuba's Revolutionary Slogan by BBC News Military of Bolivia	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "Bolivian Army", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Bolivian Army () is the land force branch of the Armed Forces of Bolivia.\nFigures on the size and composition of the Bolivian army vary considerably, with little official data available. It is estimated that the army has between 26,000 and 60,000 men.\n\nOrganization\n\nCombat units directly under the Army general command \n 1st Infantry Regiment Colorados (Presidential Guard), contains two 2 battalions: BI-201 and BI-202\n BATCOM-251,\n Gen. maintenance cen. no. 1\n Transport batt. no. 1.\n 1st National parks Security Regiment\n\nSpecial forces command \nThe Special Forces command controls the following units:\n\n 1st Ranger Regt. German Busch, Challapata\n 12th Ranger Regt. \"MANCHEGO\", Montero \n 16th Infantry Regt. JORDAN, Riberalta (Special Forces)\n 18th Parachute Infantry Regiment VICTORIA \"Army Special Troops Training Center\", Cochabamba \n 24th Ranger Regiment (Mountain) MÉNDEZ ARCOS, Challapata\n\nArmy aviation command \n\n291st Cavalry Group (La Paz)\n Army aviation company 291 (La Paz)\n army aviation company 292 (Santa Cruz)\n\nRegional\nThe Bolivian Army has six military regions (regiones militares—RMs) covering the various Departments of Bolivia:\n\n RM 1, La Paz, most of La Paz Department: 1st Army Division, 1st Mechanized Division, 297th MPB C.L.Saavedra (Military Police battalion), 296th En Btn CNL R.C.Zabalegui (ecological batt.), BE-297 (ecolog. batt.), BATLOG-1 (Logistics btn.), 291st Air Group, 1st Military Hospital, Military Police School, Army Equestrian Center, Military College of Bolivia \"COL Gustavo Villaroel Lopez\", Army School of Intelligence, Army Engineers School MCAL Antonio Jose de Sucre, Army Signals and Communications School, Army Armor School, Army 1st Engineering Regiment CPN Felipe Ochoa \"Army Engineering and Maintenance Center\", Bolivian Army Military School of Music \"LTCOL Antonio Patino\"\n RM 2, Potosí, covering the departments of Oruro and Potosí: 2nd and 10th ADs,1st RR, 24th RR M.Arcos (ranger regt.), ADA-202 (a.a. group), Army Mountain School\n RM 3, Tarija, consisting of Tarija Department and eastern Chuquisaca and southern Santa Cruz:3rd and 4th AD\n RM 4, Sucre, covering the departments of Cochabamba and northern Chuquisaca: 7th Army Division, 272nd MP Btn., BATLOG-2 (long.Batt), mili.hospital no2, Army Arsensals Cochabamba, Army Command and Staff College MSHL Antonio de Santa Cruz, Army NCO School \"SGT M. Paredez\", Army Artillery School, 18th PIR \"Victoria\" (Army Special Troops Training Center), Army NCOs and Warrant Officers Advance Studies Institute, Army Arms Applications School, 1LT Edmundo Andrade Military High School\n RM 5, Cobija, encompassing the Pando Department and parts of La Paz and Beni departments: 6th AD, 16th IR Jordan (special forces), Army Jungle Operations School \n RM 6, Santa Cruz, covering most of Santa Cruz Department: 5th and 8th ADs, 273rd MPB R.Amezaga (Military Police), BE-298 (ecological batt.), 12th RR Manchego (ranger), BATLOG-3 (logist. batt.), 292 army aviation company, Bolivian Condores school (special forces), 6th IR\n\nArmy Divisions\nThe army is organized into ten territorial divisions, titled Army Divisions (AD), plus a mechanized division, each of which, with the exception of Viacha, occupy a region generally corresponding to the administrative departments, with some overlapping. These and their respective divisional headquarters and constituent units are:\n 1st Mechanized Division Viacha (La Paz Department): 1st Field Artillery Regiment \"Camacho\", 6th Air Defense Artillery Regiment, 23rd IR (Mechanized Infantry Training), 4th IR Tarapaca (Mech.) 5th ACR, 2nd ACR (Training), 1st Armor Regiment, 8th IR (Mech) \"Ayacucho\", 2nd Artillery Regt., 6th ADA Regt.\n 1st AD, Viacha (La Paz Department): 36th IR, 35th IR, 30th IR Murillo (mountain), 2nd CEB G.F.Roman.\n 2nd AD (Mountain), Oruro: 21st IR Illimani (Mountain), RI 22 Mejillones, 25th RI (Mountain Training) Tocopilla, RC 8 Braun, Bat.Ing. 7 Sajama.\n 3rd AD, Villamontes (Tarija Department): 5th IR Campero, RI 20 Padilla, RC 3 Aroma, RA 3 Pisagua, 1st CEB Chorolque.\n 4th AD, Camiri (Santa Cruz Department):, 6th Infantry Regiment Campos, RI 11 Boqueron, 1st Cavalry Regt. \"E. Avaroa\", FAR 4 Bullian\n 5th AD, Roboré (Santa Cruz Department): RI 13 Montes, RI 14 Florida, RI 15 Junin, RC 6 Castrillo, RA 5 Vergara\n 6th AD, Trinidad: RI 17 Indepedencia, RI 29 Echevarria, RI 31 Rios, RI 32 Murguia, 2nd Cavalry Regt. Ballivan, 8th AR Mendez (reserve), Bat.Ing. 6 Riosinho.\n 7th Army Division, Cochabamba (the largest):, 18th Parachute Infantry Regiment \"Victoria\" (Army Special Troops Training Center), 26th IR R.Barrientos (mech.) 29th PIR \"CPT V.Ustariz\" (airborne), 7th FA Regt. Tumusia, Bat.Ing.5 T.N.Ovando, 3rd Mil. Police Regt.\n 8th AD, Santa Cruz: RI 7 Marzana, RI 10 Warnes (mech.), RC 10 G.M.J.M. Mercado, RA 9 Mitre (reserve), Bat.Ing. 3 Pando.\n 9th AD (Reserve), Rurrenabaque: the Division has been reduced to reserve status and its component units have been divided up between DE-1 and DE-6\n 10th AD, Tupiz: 2nd Infantry Regiment \"Marshal Antonio Jose de Sucre\", 3rd IR \"Juan Jose Perez\", RI 4 Loa, RI 27 Antofagasta, 7th ACR Chichas (Armored Cavalry), RA 12 Ayohuma (reserve)\n\nRegimental abbreviations\n\nRIE/IR/PIR: infantry regiment\n\nRC/ACR: cavalry regiment\n\nRA: artillery regiment\n\nBat.Ing./CEB: Engineer battalion\n\nThe 11 divisions control the following units:\n\n eight cavalry regiments, included two mechanized regiments\n twenty-three infantry regiments included two airborne and two mountain\n one recce. mechanized regiments and one armored regiment\n two ranger regiments and one special forces regiment\n six artillery regiments and plus three in reserve\n one artillery and anti-air group\n one artillery and anti-air Regiment\n three military police battalions\n three ecological battalions\n two army aviation companies\n six engineer battalions\n Plus logistical and instructional support commands\n Presidential Guard (Bolivian Colorados Regiment) infantry regiment under direct control of the army headquarters in La Paz's Miraflores district\n\nThe Army maintains a small fleet of utility aircraft, primarily to support headquarters.\n\nEquipment\n\nVehicles\n\nAircraft\n\nUniforms\n\nArmy officers, NCOs, and enlisted personnel generally wear gray service uniforms. In tropical areas they wear gray-green service uniforms. Army fatigue uniforms are olive green, and combat uniforms consist of US woodland pattern camouflage and desert pattern camouflage. The standard headgear for enlisted personnel is a beret bearing the national colors of red, yellow, and green. Armored troops and paratroopers are distinguished by black berets. Special forces wear distinctive camouflage uniforms with green berets.\n\nSee also\nList of wars involving Bolivia\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Official site (Spanish)\n Bolivian Army Adopts Cuba's Revolutionary Slogan by BBC News\n\nMilitary of Bolivia", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristina%20Zavalloni	Cristina Zavalloni (born 1973 in Bologna, Italy) is a contemporary Italian singer and composer who focuses primarily on jazz and experimental (or avant-garde) music. Biography and career Born in Bologna, Zavalloni attended the Conservatorio di Musica "Giovan Battista Martini" and also studied classical and modern dance for several years. Zavalloni frequently collaborates with the Dutch composer Louis Andriessen. In 2002, Andriessen composed a piece, La Passione, specifically for her and violinist Monica Germino. That song is based on the Canti Orfici by the poet Dino Campana. In 1993, Zavalloni began a collaboration with Louis Andriessen, who wrote several works for her: Passeggiata in tram in America e ritorno; La Passione; Inanna; Letter from Cathy; and Racconto dall’ inferno, the recording of which resulted in her having been awarded a Diapason d’Or in 2008. Andriessen also composed the role of Dante in La Commedia and the role of Anaïs Nin in his new opera Anaïs—premiered in July 2010—for her. References External links Cristina Zavalloni website Cristina Zavalloni (ExB.it) 1973 births Musicians from Bologna Living people	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristina%20Zavalloni", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Cristina Zavalloni (born 1973 in Bologna, Italy) is a contemporary Italian singer and composer who focuses primarily on jazz and experimental (or avant-garde) music.\n\nBiography and career\nBorn in Bologna, Zavalloni attended the Conservatorio di Musica \"Giovan Battista Martini\" and also studied classical and modern dance for several years.\n\nZavalloni frequently collaborates with the Dutch composer Louis Andriessen. In 2002, Andriessen composed a piece, La Passione, specifically for her and violinist Monica Germino. That song is based on the Canti Orfici by the poet Dino Campana.\n\nIn 1993, Zavalloni began a collaboration with Louis Andriessen, who wrote several works for her: Passeggiata in tram in America e ritorno; La Passione; Inanna; Letter from Cathy; and Racconto dall’ inferno, the recording of which resulted in her having been awarded a Diapason d’Or in 2008. Andriessen also composed the role of Dante in La Commedia and the role of Anaïs Nin in his new opera Anaïs—premiered in July 2010—for her.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Cristina Zavalloni website\n Cristina Zavalloni (ExB.it)\n\n1973 births\nMusicians from Bologna\nLiving people", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunsonby	Hunsonby is a village and civil parish in the Eden district of Cumbria, England, north east of Penrith. The parish is located south east of the city of Carlisle. Within the parish is the ancient stone circle of Long Meg and Her Daughters but not the nearby standing stone of Little Meg which is located near Langwathby. In 2011 the Census reported the parish to have a total population of 388. In 1870–72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Hunsonby (and Winskill) as: "Hunsonby and Winskel, a township in Addingham parish, Cumberland; on a branch of the river Eden, 4 miles SSE of Kirkoswald. Real property, £1,690. Pop., 208. Houses, 38. There is a Wesleyan chapel." History 19th Century The civil parish of Hunsonby was formed in 1934 from a merger of the two parishes of Hunsonby and Winskill; and Little Salkeld, which were formed in 1866 out of the ecclesiastical and former civil parish of Addingham. 20th Century Geography Hunsonby is 11,397.593m² in area, with an area of 33.22m² used for domestic buildings. Places of Worship The only place of worship is an old Wesleyan Methodist chapel, which opened in 1862 but was closed in 2001. Population Over time, there hasn't been a massive change in Hunsonby's population density. Between 1881 and 1921, the population fluctuates marginally, but stays reasonably the same. In 1931, the population gradually starts to increase, reaching 371 residents in 1951. The following decade, the population then reaches 435 residents. However, in 2001 the population then decreases again, and the most recent data recorded shows Hunsonby with a population of 388 people. Employment Occupational History According to the 1881 census, the occupation sector that employed the most residents and the most males was agriculture. For the majority of the female residents, their occupation was unknown, or not specified. Those whose occupation was specified, they worked in the Domestic service and office sector. Recent Occupational Structure The 2011 census revealed that still the biggest majority of workers are employed in the agriculture sector, matching Hunsonby's history. However, the second highest occupational group was managerial and Professional sector, showing a real shift in the occupations the last two centuries. Transport The A686 is the main road located near Hunsonby, which is the main route to the market town of Penrith. The nearest train station is in Langwathby. See also Listed buildings in Hunsonby References External links Cumbria County History Trust: Hunsonby and Winskill (nb: provisional research only – see Talk page) Villages in Cumbria Civil parishes in Cumbria Eden District	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunsonby", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Hunsonby is a village and civil parish in the Eden district of Cumbria, England, north east of Penrith. The parish is located south east of the city of Carlisle. Within the parish is the ancient stone circle of Long Meg and Her Daughters but not the nearby standing stone of Little Meg which is located near Langwathby. In 2011 the Census reported the parish to have a total population of 388.\n\nIn 1870–72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Hunsonby (and Winskill) as:\n\n\"Hunsonby and Winskel, a township in Addingham parish, Cumberland; on a branch of the river Eden, 4 miles SSE of Kirkoswald. Real property, £1,690. Pop., 208. Houses, 38. There is a Wesleyan chapel.\"\n\nHistory\n\n19th Century \nThe civil parish of Hunsonby was formed in 1934 from a merger of the two parishes of Hunsonby and Winskill; and Little Salkeld, which were formed in 1866 out of the ecclesiastical and former civil parish of Addingham.\n\n20th Century\n\nGeography \nHunsonby is 11,397.593m² in area, with an area of 33.22m² used for domestic buildings.\n\nPlaces of Worship \nThe only place of worship is an old Wesleyan Methodist chapel, which opened in 1862 but was closed in 2001.\n\nPopulation \n Over time, there hasn't been a massive change in Hunsonby's population density. Between 1881 and 1921, the population fluctuates marginally, but stays reasonably the same. In 1931, the population gradually starts to increase, reaching 371 residents in 1951. The following decade, the population then reaches 435 residents. However, in 2001 the population then decreases again, and the most recent data recorded shows Hunsonby with a population of 388 people.\n\nEmployment\n\nOccupational History \n According to the 1881 census, the occupation sector that employed the most residents and the most males was agriculture. For the majority of the female residents, their occupation was unknown, or not specified. Those whose occupation was specified, they worked in the Domestic service and office sector.\n\nRecent Occupational Structure \nThe 2011 census revealed that still the biggest majority of workers are employed in the agriculture sector, matching Hunsonby's history. However, the second highest occupational group was managerial and Professional sector, showing a real shift in the occupations the last two centuries.\n\nTransport \nThe A686 is the main road located near Hunsonby, which is the main route to the market town of Penrith. The nearest train station is in Langwathby.\n\nSee also\n\nListed buildings in Hunsonby\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Cumbria County History Trust: Hunsonby and Winskill (nb: provisional research only – see Talk page)\n\n \nVillages in Cumbria\nCivil parishes in Cumbria\nEden District", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emily%20%28TV%20series%29	Emily (Émilie in the original) is a cartoon series broadcast on Antenne 2's Récré A2 block in 1979. The cartoon follows the adventures of Emily, a little girl who wears only red. It is based on the Émilie book series, written and illustrated by Domitille de Pressensé. Emily has a pet hedgehog named Humphrey (Arthur in the French version). Other characters include Emily's cousins Alexander and Nicholas, her English friend Gregory, her friend Chloe, her little sister Pat (Elise in France), her big brother Stephen and his friends William and Sydney. The episodes show Emily facing her fears (fear of the dark, bed-wetting, and the hospital), managing relationships (jealousy of her sister), as well as playing and having fun (playing hide-and-seek, going to the circus). Emily was broadcast in the United States as part of Nickelodeon's preschool series Pinwheel beginning in 1981. A new CGI Émilie series was released in 2012, consisting of 52 episodes. References Links and references IMDB entry on Émilie 1979 French television series debuts 1979 French television series endings French television shows based on children's books France 2 French children's animated television series 1970s French animated television series 2012 French television series debuts 2010s French animated television series Animated television series about children	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emily%20%28TV%20series%29", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Emily (Émilie in the original) is a cartoon series broadcast on Antenne 2's Récré A2 block in 1979. The cartoon follows the adventures of Emily, a little girl who wears only red. It is based on the Émilie book series, written and illustrated by Domitille de Pressensé.\n\nEmily has a pet hedgehog named Humphrey (Arthur in the French version). Other characters include Emily's cousins Alexander and Nicholas, her English friend Gregory, her friend Chloe, her little sister Pat (Elise in France), her big brother Stephen and his friends William and Sydney.\n\nThe episodes show Emily facing her fears (fear of the dark, bed-wetting, and the hospital), managing relationships (jealousy of her sister), as well as playing and having fun (playing hide-and-seek, going to the circus).\n\nEmily was broadcast in the United States as part of Nickelodeon's preschool series Pinwheel beginning in 1981. A new CGI Émilie series was released in 2012, consisting of 52 episodes.\n\nReferences\n\nLinks and references\n IMDB entry on Émilie\n\n1979 French television series debuts\n1979 French television series endings\nFrench television shows based on children's books\nFrance 2\nFrench children's animated television series\n1970s French animated television series\n2012 French television series debuts\n2010s French animated television series\nAnimated television series about children", "role": "assistant" } ]
1979 in association football	The following are the association football events of the year 1979 throughout the world. Events Copa Libertadores 1979: Won by Olimpia Asunción after defeating Boca Juniors on an aggregate score of 2–0. European Cup 1979: Won by Nottingham Forest after defeating Malmö FF 1–0 in the Final. Intercontinental Cup 1979: Won by Olimpia Asunción after defeating Malmö FF by an aggregate score of 3–1. This was the last time the Intercontinental Cup was played in two legs (South America and Europe). May 22 – Ruud Krol becomes Holland's most capped player in history when he plays his 65th match for the Netherlands national football team against Argentina. Winners club national championship Asia : Al-Sadd SC Europe : K.S.K. Beveren : PFC Levski Sofia : Omonia Nicosia : Esbjerg fB : Liverpool F.C. : RC Strasbourg : AEK Athens : Újpest FC : AC Milan : Eredivisie – Ajax Amsterdam Eerste Divisie – Excelsior Rotterdam : Ruch Chorzów : FC Porto : Dundalk F.C. : Celtic F.C. : Real Madrid : Trabzonspor : Hamburger SV : FC Spartak Moscow North and Central America : Cruz Azul / : Vancouver Whitecaps (NASL) Oceania : Marconi Fairfield South America Metropolitano – River Plate Nacional – River Plate : Internacional : América de Cali : Olimpia Asunción International tournaments 1979 British Home Championship (May 19 – May 26, 1979) Pan American Games in San Juan, Puerto Rico (July 2 – July 14, 1979) Copa América (July 10 – December 12, 1979) and World Youth Championship (August 26 – September 7, 1979) Births January 2 – Jonathan Greening, English footballer and coach January 4 – Shergo Biran, German footballer January 12 – Grzegorz Rasiak, Polish footballer January 15 – Martin Petrov, Bulgarian footballer January 26 – Maksym Kalynychenko, Ukrainian footballer February 2 – Daniel Bierofka, German footballer February 13 – Rafael Márquez, Mexican footballer February 19 – Steve Cherundolo, American footballer February 20 – Denis Fladung, former Russian professional footballer March 2 – Damien Duff, Irish footballer March 4 – Vyacheslav Malafeev, Russian footballer March 14 – Neftalí Luna, Spanish retired footballer March 22 – Aldo Duscher, Argentine footballer April 3 – Christoph Spatzenegger, Austrian footballer April 5 – Timo Hildebrand, German footballer April 12 – Tobias Linderoth, Swedish footballer April 20 – Ludovic Magnin, Swiss footballer April 26 – Fereydoon Zandi, Iranian-German footballer May 11 – Tomás Jiménez, Spanish retired footballer May 19 Diego Forlán, Uruguayan footballer Andrea Pirlo, Italian footballer May 29 – Arne Friedrich, German footballer May 30 – Fabian Ernst, German footballer June 4 – Naohiro Takahara, Japanese footballer June 7 – Kevin Hofland, Dutch footballer June 19 – José Kleberson, Brazilian footballer July 14 – Sergei Ignashevich, Russian footballer July 26 – Paul Freier, German footballer August 7 – Pablo Salinas, Bolivian footballer August 12 – Júnior Izaguirre, Honduran footballer August 27 – Thierry Bayock, Cameroonian footballer August 28 – Bojan Gojak, Serbian former footballer September 11 Eric Abidal, French footballer Leon Cort, English footballer David Pizarro, Chilean footballer September 13 – Julio de León, Honduran footballer September 15 – Dadash Kazikhanov, former Russian professional footballer October 8 – Doyle Vaca, Bolivian footballer October 9 – Gonzalo Sorondo, Uruguayan footballer October 15 – Paul Robinson, English footballer October 18 – Jaroslav Drobny, Czech footballer October 23 – Simon Davies, Welsh footballer October 30 – Simone Berardi, Italian former footballer November 2 – Marián Čišovský, Slovak footballer (d. 2020) November 5 Patrick Owomoyela, German footballer David Suazo, Honduran footballer November 15 – Rowan Hendricks, South African footballer November 20 – Dmitri Bulykin, Russian footballer November 21 – Vincenzo Iaquinta, Italian footballer December 7 – Diego Bengolea, Bolivian footballer December 14 Jean-Alain Boumsong, French footballer Michael Owen, English footballer December 20 – Ashley Cole, English footballer December 30 – Hernán Boyero, Argentine footballer Deaths February February 16 - Henk Steeman, Dutch midfielder, bronze medalist at the 1920 Summer Olympics. (85) April April 18 – Pedro Arico Suárez, Argentine defender, runner up of the 1930 FIFA World Cup . (70) April 19 - August Sackenheim, German forward, capped 4 times for the Germany national football team. (73) April 22 – Amedeo Biavati, Italian midfielder, winner of the 1938 FIFA World Cup. (64) April 30 - Jaap Bulder, Dutch forward, bronze medalist at the 1920 Summer Olympics. (82) July July 14 – Santos Urdinarán, Uruguayan striker, winner of the 1930 FIFA World Cup. (79) July 31 – José Della Torre, Argentine defender, runner up of the 1930 FIFA World Cup . (73) August August 21 – Giuseppe Meazza, Italian striker, winner of the 1934 FIFA World Cup and 1938 FIFA World Cup, often seen as the best player of his era, and one of the greatest of all time. (68) December December 12 - Hans Rohde, German defender, 25 times capped for the Germany national football team. (65) Movies Yesterday's Hero References Association football by year	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "1979 in association football", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The following are the association football events of the year 1979 throughout the world.\n\nEvents\nCopa Libertadores 1979: Won by Olimpia Asunción after defeating Boca Juniors on an aggregate score of 2–0.\nEuropean Cup 1979: Won by Nottingham Forest after defeating Malmö FF 1–0 in the Final.\nIntercontinental Cup 1979: Won by Olimpia Asunción after defeating Malmö FF by an aggregate score of 3–1. This was the last time the Intercontinental Cup was played in two legs (South America and Europe).\nMay 22 – Ruud Krol becomes Holland's most capped player in history when he plays his 65th match for the Netherlands national football team against Argentina.\n\nWinners club national championship\n\nAsia\n: Al-Sadd SC\n\nEurope\n: K.S.K. Beveren\n: PFC Levski Sofia\n: Omonia Nicosia\n: Esbjerg fB\n: Liverpool F.C.\n: RC Strasbourg\n: AEK Athens\n: Újpest FC\n: AC Milan\n:\nEredivisie – Ajax Amsterdam\nEerste Divisie – Excelsior Rotterdam\n: Ruch Chorzów\n: FC Porto\n: Dundalk F.C.\n: Celtic F.C.\n: Real Madrid\n: Trabzonspor \n: Hamburger SV\n: FC Spartak Moscow\n\nNorth and Central America\n: Cruz Azul\n / :\n Vancouver Whitecaps (NASL)\n\nOceania\n: Marconi Fairfield\n\nSouth America\n\nMetropolitano – River Plate\nNacional – River Plate\n: Internacional\n: América de Cali\n: Olimpia Asunción\n\nInternational tournaments\n1979 British Home Championship (May 19 – May 26, 1979)\n\n Pan American Games in San Juan, Puerto Rico (July 2 – July 14, 1979)\n \n \n \n Copa América (July 10 – December 12, 1979)\n \n \n and \n World Youth Championship (August 26 – September 7, 1979)\n\nBirths\n\n January 2 – Jonathan Greening, English footballer and coach\n January 4 – Shergo Biran, German footballer\n January 12 – Grzegorz Rasiak, Polish footballer\n January 15 – Martin Petrov, Bulgarian footballer\n January 26 – Maksym Kalynychenko, Ukrainian footballer\n February 2 – Daniel Bierofka, German footballer\n February 13 – Rafael Márquez, Mexican footballer\n February 19 – Steve Cherundolo, American footballer\n February 20 – Denis Fladung, former Russian professional footballer\n March 2 – Damien Duff, Irish footballer\n March 4 – Vyacheslav Malafeev, Russian footballer\n March 14 – Neftalí Luna, Spanish retired footballer\n March 22 – Aldo Duscher, Argentine footballer\n April 3 – Christoph Spatzenegger, Austrian footballer\n April 5 – Timo Hildebrand, German footballer\n April 12 – Tobias Linderoth, Swedish footballer\n April 20 – Ludovic Magnin, Swiss footballer\n April 26 – Fereydoon Zandi, Iranian-German footballer\n May 11 – Tomás Jiménez, Spanish retired footballer\n May 19 \n Diego Forlán, Uruguayan footballer\n Andrea Pirlo, Italian footballer\n May 29 – Arne Friedrich, German footballer\n May 30 – Fabian Ernst, German footballer\n June 4 – Naohiro Takahara, Japanese footballer\n June 7 – Kevin Hofland, Dutch footballer\n June 19 – José Kleberson, Brazilian footballer\n July 14 – Sergei Ignashevich, Russian footballer\n July 26 – Paul Freier, German footballer\n August 7 – Pablo Salinas, Bolivian footballer\n August 12 – Júnior Izaguirre, Honduran footballer\n August 27 – Thierry Bayock, Cameroonian footballer\n August 28 – Bojan Gojak, Serbian former footballer\n September 11\nEric Abidal, French footballer\nLeon Cort, English footballer\nDavid Pizarro, Chilean footballer\n September 13 – Julio de León, Honduran footballer\n September 15 – Dadash Kazikhanov, former Russian professional footballer\n October 8 – Doyle Vaca, Bolivian footballer\n October 9 – Gonzalo Sorondo, Uruguayan footballer\n October 15 – Paul Robinson, English footballer\n October 18 – Jaroslav Drobny, Czech footballer\n October 23 – Simon Davies, Welsh footballer\n October 30 – Simone Berardi, Italian former footballer\n November 2 – Marián Čišovský, Slovak footballer (d. 2020)\n November 5 \n Patrick Owomoyela, German footballer\n David Suazo, Honduran footballer\n November 15 – Rowan Hendricks, South African footballer\n November 20 – Dmitri Bulykin, Russian footballer\n November 21 – Vincenzo Iaquinta, Italian footballer\n December 7 – Diego Bengolea, Bolivian footballer\n December 14\n Jean-Alain Boumsong, French footballer\n Michael Owen, English footballer\n December 20 – Ashley Cole, English footballer\n December 30 – Hernán Boyero, Argentine footballer\n\nDeaths\n\nFebruary\n February 16 - Henk Steeman, Dutch midfielder, bronze medalist at the 1920 Summer Olympics. (85)\n\nApril\n April 18 – Pedro Arico Suárez, Argentine defender, runner up of the 1930 FIFA World Cup . (70)\n April 19 - August Sackenheim, German forward, capped 4 times for the Germany national football team. (73)\n April 22 – Amedeo Biavati, Italian midfielder, winner of the 1938 FIFA World Cup. (64)\n April 30 - Jaap Bulder, Dutch forward, bronze medalist at the 1920 Summer Olympics. (82)\n\nJuly\n July 14 – Santos Urdinarán, Uruguayan striker, winner of the 1930 FIFA World Cup. (79)\n July 31 – José Della Torre, Argentine defender, runner up of the 1930 FIFA World Cup . (73)\n\nAugust\n August 21 – Giuseppe Meazza, Italian striker, winner of the 1934 FIFA World Cup and 1938 FIFA World Cup, often seen as the best player of his era, and one of the greatest of all time. (68)\n\nDecember\n December 12 - Hans Rohde, German defender, 25 times capped for the Germany national football team. (65)\n\nMovies\nYesterday's Hero\n\nReferences\n\n \nAssociation football by year", "role": "assistant" } ]
St Columb Canal	St Columb Canal sometimes referred to as Edyvean's Canal, was an abortive canal scheme in Cornwall, England, designed for the carriage of sea sand for use as manure. It was authorised in 1773, and part of it may have been briefly used around 1780. History The canal was first proposed by the Cornish engineer, John Edyvean in 1773. His idea was to run a canal from Mawgan Porth through parishes inland and to return to Newquay. Its purpose was to import sea-sand, seaweed and stone for manuring to improve land. Edyvean obtained an Act of Parliament on 1 April 1773, which authorised a canal, although it appears that the clerk must have misheard what was said, as the plans were for a canal. The engineer John Harris gave evidence to a parliamentary committee to secure the Act for the canal, the cost of which was estimated to be between £5,000 and £6,000. Edyvean planned to finance the costs himself. Work started in 1773, and two sections were built, each with an inclined plane to connect it to the foreshore, but the canal was never completed. It appears that the southern section, from Lusty Glaze to Rialton Barton near St Columb Minor, which followed the contour and was long, was started first, but may never have been used, as there were problems with the canal holding water due to sandy soil. The northern section, from Trenance Point at Mawgan Porth, which followed the contour, terminated a little short of Whitewater, where it was fed by the River Menalhyl. Edyvean advertised for 50 able-bodied men in 1776, who would be paid 14 pence (6p) per day to dig the canal. This section was some long and was used for two or three years. Edyvean appears to have spent most of his own fortune on the project, and his sister's money as well. Realising that he was unlikely to recoup much of it, the project was abandoned, and he died in the 1780s. An account of the operation of one of the inclined planes was published in A. Rees's Cyclopaedia in 1805. It described a steep inclined plane covered in planks. The square tub-boats were brought to the end of the canal, where the front end of the boat was attached to a hinge, and the back end was attached to ropes. The ropes passed onto a wheel and drum, which was operated by a horse-gin. As the boat tipped up, the cargo of stones rolled down the planks to the beach below. The wheel and drum were also used to draw boxes containing coal or sand up from the beach, to be loaded into the boats. In 1829, Richard Retallick, a businessman from Liskeard, revived the idea of a canal from St Columb to Mawgan Porth, which was part of a larger project to make the Porth suitable for use as a harbour during the summer months. He issued a prospectus, but no further progress was made. Route The canal was built as a 'tub-boat' canal which used inclined planes instead of locks to change levels. The northern section began at Trenance Point, on the cliffs to the north of Mawgan Porth, and followed the course of the Menalhyl Valley towards the east. Because it was at a higher level than the river, it had to pass a number of side streams, which was achieved by building large loops away from the river, in order to maintain the level of the canal. Most of the route is clearly visible on the 1888 Ordnance Survey map, and several sections are still visible on modern maps. The first loop was towards Trenance, now covered by housing in Mawgan Porth, but the contour shows its approximate route. To the east of Mawgan Porth was another loop, around a series of springs and a stream, which is still visible near Merlin Farm, the historical location of Moreland. To the north of Retorrick Mill, a track follows the course for some distance, after which there was another loop to accommodate the stream that flows south to join the Menalhyl upstream of the mill. After crossing the road from Little Lanherne to Lower Lanherne, the tracks around New Farm and Higher Lanvean, to the north of the Lanvean Bottoms Nature Reserve again follow the route of the canal. The route continued to the east, passing just to the south of the buildings at Trevedras, to cross the Lower Denzell to Bolingey road. A semi-circular track shows the route, which is picked up by the bridleway to the east of Bolingey, after it crosses another side stream. The canal reached Menadews Plantation, and continued along its northern edge, where it terminated, about short of Whitewater. The southern section began at Lusty Glaze, where the site of the incline down the cliffs is still clearly visible. It headed east, before sweeping to the south and then the north around Porth Veor and Higher Porth, now both part of Newquay. From Porth, it turned to the east, following the contour. Its course is marked by several field boundaries as it approaches St Columb Minor. An original bridge still carries the footpath from St Columb Minor to Penrose over the course of the canal. It turned to the south-east to reach Priory Road, and then continued to the east towards Rialton Mill. Near the junction of Priory Road and the A3059 Rialton Road, it turned to the south, to end where the minor road to Rialton Barton leaves the A3059. An archaeological watching brief was carried out in 2008 when South West Water had to replace a sewage pipeline at Porth. A section through the canal revealed that although preliminary excavation work to create a terrace had been done, the canal had not been completed at that location. See also Canals of Great Britain History of the British canal system Bude Canal (also by John Edyvean) Bibliography References Canals in Cornwall Canals opened in 1779 Industrial archaeological sites in Cornwall	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "St Columb Canal", "role": "user" }, { "content": "St Columb Canal sometimes referred to as Edyvean's Canal, was an abortive canal scheme in Cornwall, England, designed for the carriage of sea sand for use as manure. It was authorised in 1773, and part of it may have been briefly used around 1780.\n\nHistory\nThe canal was first proposed by the Cornish engineer, John Edyvean in 1773. His idea was to run a canal from Mawgan Porth through parishes inland and to return to Newquay. Its purpose was to import sea-sand, seaweed and stone for manuring to improve land. Edyvean obtained an Act of Parliament on 1 April 1773, which authorised a canal, although it appears that the clerk must have misheard what was said, as the plans were for a canal. The engineer John Harris gave evidence to a parliamentary committee to secure the Act for the canal, the cost of which was estimated to be between £5,000 and £6,000. Edyvean planned to finance the costs himself.\n\nWork started in 1773, and two sections were built, each with an inclined plane to connect it to the foreshore, but the canal was never completed. It appears that the southern section, from Lusty Glaze to Rialton Barton near St Columb Minor, which followed the contour and was long, was started first, but may never have been used, as there were problems with the canal holding water due to sandy soil. The northern section, from Trenance Point at Mawgan Porth, which followed the contour, terminated a little short of Whitewater, where it was fed by the River Menalhyl. Edyvean advertised for 50 able-bodied men in 1776, who would be paid 14 pence (6p) per day to dig the canal. This section was some long and was used for two or three years. Edyvean appears to have spent most of his own fortune on the project, and his sister's money as well. Realising that he was unlikely to recoup much of it, the project was abandoned, and he died in the 1780s.\n\nAn account of the operation of one of the inclined planes was published in A. Rees's Cyclopaedia in 1805. It described a steep inclined plane covered in planks. The square tub-boats were brought to the end of the canal, where the front end of the boat was attached to a hinge, and the back end was attached to ropes. The ropes passed onto a wheel and drum, which was operated by a horse-gin. As the boat tipped up, the cargo of stones rolled down the planks to the beach below. The wheel and drum were also used to draw boxes containing coal or sand up from the beach, to be loaded into the boats.\n\nIn 1829, Richard Retallick, a businessman from Liskeard, revived the idea of a canal from St Columb to Mawgan Porth, which was part of a larger project to make the Porth suitable for use as a harbour during the summer months. He issued a prospectus, but no further progress was made.\n\nRoute\nThe canal was built as a 'tub-boat' canal which used inclined planes instead of locks to change levels. The northern section began at Trenance Point, on the cliffs to the north of Mawgan Porth, and followed the course of the Menalhyl Valley towards the east. Because it was at a higher level than the river, it had to pass a number of side streams, which was achieved by building large loops away from the river, in order to maintain the level of the canal. Most of the route is clearly visible on the 1888 Ordnance Survey map, and several sections are still visible on modern maps. The first loop was towards Trenance, now covered by housing in Mawgan Porth, but the contour shows its approximate route. To the east of Mawgan Porth was another loop, around a series of springs and a stream, which is still visible near Merlin Farm, the historical location of Moreland. To the north of Retorrick Mill, a track follows the course for some distance, after which there was another loop to accommodate the stream that flows south to join the Menalhyl upstream of the mill. After crossing the road from Little Lanherne to Lower Lanherne, the tracks around New Farm and Higher Lanvean, to the north of the Lanvean Bottoms Nature Reserve again follow the route of the canal.\n\nThe route continued to the east, passing just to the south of the buildings at Trevedras, to cross the Lower Denzell to Bolingey road. A semi-circular track shows the route, which is picked up by the bridleway to the east of Bolingey, after it crosses another side stream. The canal reached Menadews Plantation, and continued along its northern edge, where it terminated, about short of Whitewater.\n\nThe southern section began at Lusty Glaze, where the site of the incline down the cliffs is still clearly visible. It headed east, before sweeping to the south and then the north around Porth Veor and Higher Porth, now both part of Newquay. From Porth, it turned to the east, following the contour. Its course is marked by several field boundaries as it approaches St Columb Minor. An original bridge still carries the footpath from St Columb Minor to Penrose over the course of the canal. It turned to the south-east to reach Priory Road, and then continued to the east towards Rialton Mill. Near the junction of Priory Road and the A3059 Rialton Road, it turned to the south, to end where the minor road to Rialton Barton leaves the A3059.\n\nAn archaeological watching brief was carried out in 2008 when South West Water had to replace a sewage pipeline at Porth. A section through the canal revealed that although preliminary excavation work to create a terrace had been done, the canal had not been completed at that location.\n\nSee also\n\nCanals of Great Britain\nHistory of the British canal system\nBude Canal (also by John Edyvean)\n\nBibliography\n\nReferences\n\nCanals in Cornwall\nCanals opened in 1779\nIndustrial archaeological sites in Cornwall", "role": "assistant" } ]
Birthright citizenship	Birthright citizenship may refer to: Jus soli (the right of the soil or the land), a Latin term meaning that one's nationality is determined by the place of one's birth Jus sanguinis (the right of blood), a Latin term meaning that one may acquire nationality of a state at birth if either or both of their parents have citizenship of that state Birthright citizenship in the United States	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "Birthright citizenship", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Birthright citizenship may refer to:\n\n Jus soli (the right of the soil or the land), a Latin term meaning that one's nationality is determined by the place of one's birth\n Jus sanguinis (the right of blood), a Latin term meaning that one may acquire nationality of a state at birth if either or both of their parents have citizenship of that state\n Birthright citizenship in the United States", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrococcygeal%20teratoma	Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is a type of tumor known as a teratoma that develops at the base of the coccyx (tailbone) and is thought to be primarily derived from remnants of the primitive streak. Sacrococcygeal teratomas are benign 75% of the time, malignant 12% of the time, and the remainder are considered "immature teratomas" that share benign and malignant features. Benign sacrococcygeal teratomas are more likely to develop in younger children who are less than 5 months old, and older children are more likely to develop malignant sacrococcygeal teratomas. The Currarino syndrome, due to an autosomal dominant mutation in the MNX1 gene, consists of a presacral mass (usually a mature teratoma or anterior meningocele), anorectal malformation and sacral dysgenesis. Presentation Complications Maternal complications of pregnancy may include mirror syndrome. Maternal complications of delivery may include a Cesarean section or, alternatively, a vaginal delivery with mechanical dystocia. Complications of the mass effect of a teratoma in general are addressed on the teratoma page. Complications of the mass effect of a large SCT may include hip dysplasia, bowel obstruction, urinary obstruction, hydronephrosis and hydrops fetalis. Even a small SCT can produce complications of mass effect, if it is presacral (Altman Type IV). In the fetus, severe hydronephrosis may contribute to inadequate lung development. Also in the fetus and newborn, the anus may be imperforate. Later complications of the mass effect and/or surgery may include neurogenic bladder, other forms of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and other chronic problems resulting from accidental damage to or sacrifice of nerves and muscles within the pelvis. Removal of the coccyx may include additional complications. In one review of 25 patients, however, the most frequent complication was an unsatisfactory appearance of the surgical scar. Late effects Late effects are of two kinds: consequences of the tumor itself, and consequences of surgery and other treatments for the tumor. Complications of not removing the coccyx may include both recurrence of the teratoma and metastatic cancer. Late malignancies usually involve incomplete excision of the coccyx and are adenocarcinoma.Although functional disability in survivors is common, a small comparative study found a nonsignificant difference between SCT survivors and a matched control group. In rare cases, pelvic scarring may necessitate that a pregnant woman who is a SCT survivor deliver her baby by Cesarean section. Cause SCT is seen in 1 in every 35,000 live births, and is the most common tumor presenting in newborn humans. Most SCTs are found in babies and children, but SCTs have been reported in adults and the increasingly routine use of prenatal ultrasound exams has dramatically increased the number of diagnosed SCTs presenting in fetuses. Like other teratomas, an SCT can grow very large. Unlike other teratomas, an SCT sometimes grows larger than the rest of the fetus. Sacrococcygeal teratomas are the most common type of germ cell tumors (both benign and malignant) diagnosed in neonates, infants, and children younger than 4 years. SCTs occur more often in girls than in boys; ratios of 3:1 to 4:1 have been reported. Historically, sacrococcygeal teratomas present in 2 clinical patterns related to the child's age, tumor location, and likelihood of tumor malignancy. With the advent of routine prenatal ultrasound examinations, a third clinical pattern is emerging. Fetal tumors present during prenatal ultrasound exams, with or without maternal symptoms. SCTs found during routine exams tend to be small and partly or entirely external. The internal SCTs are not easily seen via ultrasound, unless they are large enough to reveal their presence by the abnormal position of the fetal urinary bladder and other organs, but large fetal SCTs frequently produce maternal complications which necessitate non-routine, investigative ultrasounds. Neonatal tumors present at birth protruding from the sacral site and are usually mature or immature teratomas. Among infants and young children, the tumor presents as a palpable mass in the sacropelvic region compressing the bladder or rectum. These pelvic tumors have a greater likelihood of being malignant. An early survey found that the rate of tumor malignancy was 48% for girls and 67% for boys older than 2 months at the time of sacrococcygeal tumor diagnosis, compared with a malignant tumor incidence of 7% for girls and 10% for boys younger than 2 months at the time of diagnosis. The pelvic site of the primary tumor has been reported to be an adverse prognostic factor, most likely caused by a higher rate of incomplete resection. In older children and adults, the tumor may be mistaken for a pilonidal sinus, or it may be found during a rectal exam or other evaluation. Diagnosis During prenatal ultrasound, an SCT having an external component may appear as a fluid-filled cyst or a solid mass sticking out from the fetus' body. Fetal SCTs that are entirely internal may be undetected if they are small; detection (or at least suspicion) is possible when the fetal bladder is seen in an abnormal position, due to the SCT pushing other organs out of place. At birth, the usual presentation is a visible lump or mass under the skin at the top of the buttocks crease. If not visible, it can sometimes be felt; gently prodded, it feels somewhat like a hardboiled egg. A small SCT, if it is entirely inside the body, may not present for years, until it grows large enough to cause pain, constipation and other symptoms of a large mass inside the pelvis, or until it begins to extend out of the pelvis. Even a relatively large SCT may be missed, if it is internal, because the bony pelvis conceals and protects it. Mediastinal tumors, including teratomas, are similarly concealed and protected by the rib cage. Some SCTs are discovered when a child begins to talk at about age 2 years and complains of their bottom hurting or feeling "poopy" when they ride in a car seat. Other tumors can occur in the sacrococcygeal and/or presacral regions and hence must be ruled out to obtain a differential diagnosis. These include extraspinal ependymoma, ependymoblastoma, neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. Smaller SCTs with an external component, seen in prenatal ultrasounds or at birth, often are mistaken for spina bifida. Cystic SCT and terminal myelocystocele are especially difficult to distinguish; for more accurate diagnosis, MRI has been recommended. Treatment The preferred first treatment for SCT is complete surgical removal (i.e., complete resection). The preferred approach to a small SCT is through the perineum; a large SCT may require an additional approach through the abdomen. Resection should include the coccyx and may also include portions of the sacrum. The surgery should include reattachment of the small muscles and ligaments formerly attached to the coccyx, in effect reconstructing the posterior perineum. If not, there is an increased risk of perineal hernia later in life. SCTs are classified morphologically according to their relative extent outside and inside the body: Altman type I — entirely outside, sometimes attached to the body only by a narrow stalk Altman type II — mostly outside Altman type III — mostly inside Altman type IV — entirely inside; this is also known as a presacral teratoma or retrorectal teratoma The Altman type is significant in the contexts of management of labor and delivery, surgical approach, and complications of SCT. Serial ultrasound and MRI monitoring of SCTs in fetuses in utero has demonstrated that the Altman type can change over time. As the tumor grows, it can push between other organs and through the perineum to the body surface where the tumor appears as a bulge covered only by skin. Sometimes, the tumor bulge later slips back inside the perineum. Like all teratomas, a sacrococcygeal teratoma has the potential to be malignant, and the standard of care requires long-term followup by an oncologist. Management of fetal SCTs Management of most fetal SCTs involves watchful waiting prior to any treatment. An often used decision tree is as follows: Perform detailed ultrasound exam including fetal echocardiogram and Doppler flow analysis If fetal high output failure, placentomegaly, or hydrops If fetus not mature, perform pregnancy termination or fetal intervention Else fetus mature, perform emergency Cesarean section Else no emergent problems, perform serial non-stress tests and ultrasound biophysical profiles and plan delivery, as follows If emergent problems develop, return to top of decision tree Else if SCT over 5–10 cm or polyhydramnios, perform early (37 weeks gestation) elective Cesarean section Else SCT small and no complications, permit term spontaneous vaginal delivery Emergent problems include maternal mirror syndrome, polyhydramnios, and preterm labor. Poor management decisions, including interventions that are either premature or delayed, can have dire consequences. A very small retrospective study of 9 babies with SCTs greater than 10 cm diameter reported slightly higher survivorship in babies remaining in utero slightly longer. In many cases, a fetus with a small SCT (under 5 or 10 cm) may be delivered vaginally. Prior to the advent of prenatal detection and hence scheduled C-section, 90% of babies diagnosed with SCT were born full term. Management of adult SCTs SCTs are very rare in adults, and as a rule these tumors are benign and have extremely low potential for malignancy. This estimation of potential is based on the idea that because the tumor existed for decades prior to diagnosis, without becoming malignant, it has little or no potential to ever become malignant. For this reason, and because coccygectomy in adults has greater risks than in babies, some surgeons prefer not to remove the coccyx of adult survivors of SCT. There are case reports of good outcomes. See also Sacrococcygeal symphysis References External links Congenital disorders Obstetrics Rare cancers Pediatric cancers	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrococcygeal%20teratoma", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is a type of tumor known as a teratoma that develops at the base of the coccyx (tailbone) and is thought to be primarily derived from remnants of the primitive streak. Sacrococcygeal teratomas are benign 75% of the time, malignant 12% of the time, and the remainder are considered \"immature teratomas\" that share benign and malignant features. Benign sacrococcygeal teratomas are more likely to develop in younger children who are less than 5 months old, and older children are more likely to develop malignant sacrococcygeal teratomas.\n\nThe Currarino syndrome, due to an autosomal dominant mutation in the MNX1 gene, consists of a presacral mass (usually a mature teratoma or anterior meningocele), anorectal malformation and sacral dysgenesis.\n\nPresentation\n\nComplications\n\nMaternal complications of pregnancy may include mirror syndrome. Maternal complications of delivery may include a Cesarean section or, alternatively, a vaginal delivery with mechanical dystocia.\n\nComplications of the mass effect of a teratoma in general are addressed on the teratoma page. Complications of the mass effect of a large SCT may include hip dysplasia, bowel obstruction, urinary obstruction, hydronephrosis and hydrops fetalis. Even a small SCT can produce complications of mass effect, if it is presacral (Altman Type IV). In the fetus, severe hydronephrosis may contribute to inadequate lung development. Also in the fetus and newborn, the anus may be imperforate.\n\nLater complications of the mass effect and/or surgery may include neurogenic bladder, other forms of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and other chronic problems resulting from accidental damage to or sacrifice of nerves and muscles within the pelvis. Removal of the coccyx may include additional complications. In one review of 25 patients, however, the most frequent complication was an unsatisfactory appearance of the surgical scar.\n\nLate effects\nLate effects are of two kinds: consequences of the tumor itself, and consequences of surgery and other treatments for the tumor.\n\nComplications of not removing the coccyx may include both recurrence of the teratoma and metastatic cancer. Late malignancies usually involve incomplete excision of the coccyx and are adenocarcinoma.Although functional disability in survivors is common, a small comparative study found a nonsignificant difference between SCT survivors and a matched control group.\n\nIn rare cases, pelvic scarring may necessitate that a pregnant woman who is a SCT survivor deliver her baby by Cesarean section.\n\nCause\n\nSCT is seen in 1 in every 35,000 live births, and is the most common tumor presenting in newborn humans. Most SCTs are found in babies and children, but SCTs have been reported in adults and the increasingly routine use of prenatal ultrasound exams has dramatically increased the number of diagnosed SCTs presenting in fetuses. Like other teratomas, an SCT can grow very large. Unlike other teratomas, an SCT sometimes grows larger than the rest of the fetus.\n\nSacrococcygeal teratomas are the most common type of germ cell tumors (both benign and malignant) diagnosed in neonates, infants, and children younger than 4 years. SCTs occur more often in girls than in boys; ratios of 3:1 to 4:1 have been reported.\n\nHistorically, sacrococcygeal teratomas present in 2 clinical patterns related to the child's age, tumor location, and likelihood of tumor malignancy. With the advent of routine prenatal ultrasound examinations, a third clinical pattern is emerging.\n\n Fetal tumors present during prenatal ultrasound exams, with or without maternal symptoms. SCTs found during routine exams tend to be small and partly or entirely external. The internal SCTs are not easily seen via ultrasound, unless they are large enough to reveal their presence by the abnormal position of the fetal urinary bladder and other organs, but large fetal SCTs frequently produce maternal complications which necessitate non-routine, investigative ultrasounds.\n Neonatal tumors present at birth protruding from the sacral site and are usually mature or immature teratomas.\nAmong infants and young children, the tumor presents as a palpable mass in the sacropelvic region compressing the bladder or rectum. These pelvic tumors have a greater likelihood of being malignant. An early survey found that the rate of tumor malignancy was 48% for girls and 67% for boys older than 2 months at the time of sacrococcygeal tumor diagnosis, compared with a malignant tumor incidence of 7% for girls and 10% for boys younger than 2 months at the time of diagnosis. The pelvic site of the primary tumor has been reported to be an adverse prognostic factor, most likely caused by a higher rate of incomplete resection.\nIn older children and adults, the tumor may be mistaken for a pilonidal sinus, or it may be found during a rectal exam or other evaluation.\n\nDiagnosis\n\nDuring prenatal ultrasound, an SCT having an external component may appear as a fluid-filled cyst or a solid mass sticking out from the fetus' body. Fetal SCTs that are entirely internal may be undetected if they are small; detection (or at least suspicion) is possible when the fetal bladder is seen in an abnormal position, due to the SCT pushing other organs out of place.\n\nAt birth, the usual presentation is a visible lump or mass under the skin at the top of the buttocks crease. If not visible, it can sometimes be felt; gently prodded, it feels somewhat like a hardboiled egg. A small SCT, if it is entirely inside the body, may not present for years, until it grows large enough to cause pain, constipation and other symptoms of a large mass inside the pelvis, or until it begins to extend out of the pelvis. Even a relatively large SCT may be missed, if it is internal, because the bony pelvis conceals and protects it. Mediastinal tumors, including teratomas, are similarly concealed and protected by the rib cage.\n\nSome SCTs are discovered when a child begins to talk at about age 2 years and complains of their bottom hurting or feeling \"poopy\" when they ride in a car seat.\n\nOther tumors can occur in the sacrococcygeal and/or presacral regions and hence must be ruled out to obtain a differential diagnosis. These include extraspinal ependymoma, ependymoblastoma, neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma.\n\nSmaller SCTs with an external component, seen in prenatal ultrasounds or at birth, often are mistaken for spina bifida. Cystic SCT and terminal myelocystocele are especially difficult to distinguish; for more accurate diagnosis, MRI has been recommended.\n\nTreatment\nThe preferred first treatment for SCT is complete surgical removal (i.e., complete resection). The preferred approach to a small SCT is through the perineum; a large SCT may require an additional approach through the abdomen. Resection should include the coccyx and may also include portions of the sacrum. The surgery should include reattachment of the small muscles and ligaments formerly attached to the coccyx, in effect reconstructing the posterior perineum. If not, there is an increased risk of perineal hernia later in life.\n\nSCTs are classified morphologically according to their relative extent outside and inside the body:\nAltman type I — entirely outside, sometimes attached to the body only by a narrow stalk\nAltman type II — mostly outside\nAltman type III — mostly inside\nAltman type IV — entirely inside; this is also known as a presacral teratoma or retrorectal teratoma\n\nThe Altman type is significant in the contexts of management of labor and delivery, surgical approach, and complications of SCT. Serial ultrasound and MRI monitoring of SCTs in fetuses in utero has demonstrated that the Altman type can change over time. As the tumor grows, it can push between other organs and through the perineum to the body surface where the tumor appears as a bulge covered only by skin. Sometimes, the tumor bulge later slips back inside the perineum.\n\nLike all teratomas, a sacrococcygeal teratoma has the potential to be malignant, and the standard of care requires long-term followup by an oncologist.\n\nManagement of fetal SCTs\n\nManagement of most fetal SCTs involves watchful waiting prior to any treatment. An often used decision tree is as follows:\n\nPerform detailed ultrasound exam including fetal echocardiogram and Doppler flow analysis\nIf fetal high output failure, placentomegaly, or hydrops\nIf fetus not mature, perform pregnancy termination or fetal intervention\nElse fetus mature, perform emergency Cesarean section\nElse no emergent problems, perform serial non-stress tests and ultrasound biophysical profiles and plan delivery, as follows\nIf emergent problems develop, return to top of decision tree\nElse if SCT over 5–10 cm or polyhydramnios, perform early (37 weeks gestation) elective Cesarean section\nElse SCT small and no complications, permit term spontaneous vaginal delivery\n\nEmergent problems include maternal mirror syndrome, polyhydramnios, and preterm labor. Poor management decisions, including interventions that are either premature or delayed, can have dire consequences. A very small retrospective study of 9 babies with SCTs greater than 10 cm diameter reported slightly higher survivorship in babies remaining in utero slightly longer.\n\nIn many cases, a fetus with a small SCT (under 5 or 10 cm) may be delivered vaginally. Prior to the advent of prenatal detection and hence scheduled C-section, 90% of babies diagnosed with SCT were born full term.\n\nManagement of adult SCTs\nSCTs are very rare in adults, and as a rule these tumors are benign and have extremely low potential for malignancy. This estimation of potential is based on the idea that because the tumor existed for decades prior to diagnosis, without becoming malignant, it has little or no potential to ever become malignant. For this reason, and because coccygectomy in adults has greater risks than in babies, some surgeons prefer not to remove the coccyx of adult survivors of SCT. There are case reports of good outcomes.\n\nSee also\nSacrococcygeal symphysis\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n\nCongenital disorders\nObstetrics\nRare cancers\nPediatric cancers", "role": "assistant" } ]
Kimberly Brooks	Kimberly Brooks is an American voice actress. Brooks has voiced characters in video games since the mid-1990s. She has played Luna in the Scooby-Doo franchise as part of The Hex Girls, Ashley Williams in the Mass Effect series, Stormy in the Nickelodeon revival of Winx Club, Buena Girl from ¡Mucha Lucha!, Barbara Gordon in the Batman: Arkham video game series, Shinobu Jacobs in No More Heroes and No More Heroes 2: Desperate Struggle, Princess Allura from Voltron: Legendary Defender, Mee Mee in Dexter's Laboratory, Jasper in Steven Universe, and Robin Ayou in Subnautica: Below Zero. Brooks won a BAFTA Award for Performer in a Supporting Role at the 18th British Academy Games Awards for her work in Psychonauts 2. Filmography Film Television Video games References External links Living people African-American actresses American film actresses American stage actresses American television actresses American video game actresses American voice actresses BAFTA winners (people) Year of birth missing (living people) 20th-century American actresses 21st-century American actresses 20th-century African-American people 21st-century African-American people 20th-century African-American women 21st-century African-American women	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "Kimberly Brooks", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Kimberly Brooks is an American voice actress. Brooks has voiced characters in video games since the mid-1990s. She has played Luna in the Scooby-Doo franchise as part of The Hex Girls, Ashley Williams in the Mass Effect series, Stormy in the Nickelodeon revival of Winx Club, Buena Girl from ¡Mucha Lucha!, Barbara Gordon in the Batman: Arkham video game series, Shinobu Jacobs in No More Heroes and No More Heroes 2: Desperate Struggle, Princess Allura from Voltron: Legendary Defender, Mee Mee in Dexter's Laboratory, Jasper in Steven Universe, and Robin Ayou in Subnautica: Below Zero. Brooks won a BAFTA Award for Performer in a Supporting Role at the 18th British Academy Games Awards for her work in Psychonauts 2.\n\nFilmography\n\nFilm\n\nTelevision\n\nVideo games\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nLiving people\nAfrican-American actresses\nAmerican film actresses\nAmerican stage actresses\nAmerican television actresses\nAmerican video game actresses\nAmerican voice actresses\nBAFTA winners (people)\nYear of birth missing (living people)\n20th-century American actresses\n21st-century American actresses\n20th-century African-American people\n21st-century African-American people\n20th-century African-American women\n21st-century African-American women", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia%27s%2012th%20congressional%20district	Georgia's 12th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is represented by Republican Rick Allen. The district's boundaries have been redrawn following the 2010 census, which granted an additional congressional seat to Georgia. The first election using the new district boundaries (listed below) were the 2012 congressional elections. The district covers portions of the eastern and southeastern parts of the state. It includes the cities of Augusta, Dublin, Douglas, and Statesboro. Counties Lincoln Wilkes (Partial, see also ) Warren McDuffie Columbia Glascock Richmond Jefferson Washington Burke Jenkins Screven Emanuel Treutlen Johnson Laurens Wheeler Montgomery Toombs Candler Bulloch Effingham (Partial, see also ) Evans Tattnall Former Chatham (Partial, see also ) Coffee Jeff Davis Appling Election results from statewide races List of members representing the district Election results 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 See also Georgia's 3rd congressional district Georgia's congressional districts References Further reading External links PDF map of Georgia's 12th district at nationalatlas.gov Georgia's 12th congressional district at GovTrack.us U.S. Census data searchable by congressional district Opensecrets.org Fundraising data from FEC reports Analysis of district from Capitaleye.org 2006 results by county from CBSNews.com 12 Constituencies established in 2003 2003 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia%27s%2012th%20congressional%20district", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Georgia's 12th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is represented by Republican Rick Allen. The district's boundaries have been redrawn following the 2010 census, which granted an additional congressional seat to Georgia. The first election using the new district boundaries (listed below) were the 2012 congressional elections.\n\nThe district covers portions of the eastern and southeastern parts of the state. It includes the cities of Augusta, Dublin, Douglas, and Statesboro.\n\nCounties \nLincoln\nWilkes (Partial, see also )\nWarren\nMcDuffie\nColumbia\nGlascock\nRichmond\nJefferson\nWashington\nBurke\nJenkins\nScreven\nEmanuel\nTreutlen\nJohnson\nLaurens\nWheeler\nMontgomery\nToombs\nCandler\nBulloch\nEffingham (Partial, see also )\nEvans\nTattnall\n\nFormer \nChatham (Partial, see also )\nCoffee\nJeff Davis\nAppling\n\nElection results from statewide races\n\nList of members representing the district\n\nElection results\n\n2012\n\n2014\n\n2016\n\n2018\n\n2020\n\n2022\n\nSee also \n Georgia's 3rd congressional district\n Georgia's congressional districts\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\nExternal links\n PDF map of Georgia's 12th district at nationalatlas.gov\n Georgia's 12th congressional district at GovTrack.us\nU.S. Census data searchable by congressional district\nOpensecrets.org Fundraising data from FEC reports\nAnalysis of district from Capitaleye.org\n2006 results by county from CBSNews.com\n\n12\nConstituencies established in 2003\n2003 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shafiuddin%20Ahmed	Shafiuddin Ahmed Babu (born June 1, 1973, Dhaka) is a former Bangladeshi cricketer who played in eleven One Day Internationals from 1997 to 2000. He is now an umpire and stood in matches in Bangladesh's National Cricket League. References 1973 births Living people Bangladesh One Day International cricketers Bangladeshi cricketers Bangladeshi cricket umpires Chittagong Division cricketers Cricketers at the 1998 Commonwealth Games Cricketers at the 1999 Cricket World Cup Commonwealth Games competitors for Bangladesh Cricketers from Dhaka	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shafiuddin%20Ahmed", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Shafiuddin Ahmed Babu (born June 1, 1973, Dhaka) is a former Bangladeshi cricketer who played in eleven One Day Internationals from 1997 to 2000. He is now an umpire and stood in matches in Bangladesh's National Cricket League.\n\nReferences\n\n1973 births\nLiving people\nBangladesh One Day International cricketers\nBangladeshi cricketers\nBangladeshi cricket umpires\nChittagong Division cricketers\nCricketers at the 1998 Commonwealth Games\nCricketers at the 1999 Cricket World Cup\nCommonwealth Games competitors for Bangladesh\nCricketers from Dhaka", "role": "assistant" } ]
Annius of Viterbo	Annius of Viterbo (; 5 January 143713 November 1502) was an Italian Dominican friar, scholar, and historian, born Giovanni Nanni in Viterbo. He is now remembered for his fabrications. He entered the Dominican Order early in life. He obtained the degree of Master of Theology from the studium generale at Santa Maria sopra Minerva, the forerunner of the College of Saint Thomas and the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum. He served as a lector at the studium sometime before 1466. He was highly esteemed by Sixtus IV and Alexander VI; the latter made him Master of the Sacred Palace in 1499. As a linguist, he spuriously claimed to be skilled in the Oriental languages. Walter Stephens says: "His expertise in Semitic philology, once celebrated even by otherwise sober ecclesiastical historians, was entirely fictive." Annius also claimed to be able to read Etruscan. In perhaps his most elaborate pseudo-archeological charade, in the autumn of 1493, he undertook a well-publicized dig at Viterbo, during which marble statues of some of the most dramatic of the mythical figures associated with the city's legendarium appeared to be unearthed; they had all been "salted" in the site beforehand. Works He is best known for his Antiquitatum Variarum, originally titled the Commentaria super opera diversorum auctorum de antiquitatibus loquentium (Commentaries on the Works of Various Authors Discussing Antiquity) and often known as the Antiquities of Annius. In this work, he published alleged writings and fragments of several pre-Christian Greek and Latin profane authors, destined to throw an entirely new light on ancient history. He claimed to have discovered them at Mantua. Among his numerous other writings were De futuris Christianorum triumphis in Turcos et Saracenos (Future Triumphs of the Christians over the Turks and the Saracens), a commentary on the Apocalypse, dedicated to Sixtus IV, to Christian kings, princes, and governments, and Tractatus de imperio Turcorum (The Empire of the Turks). The author identifies Mohammad as the Antichrist, and predicts that the end of the world will take place when the Christians will have overcome the Jews and the Muslims, an event which did not appear to him to be far distant. One influential suggestion he made — in his commentary on the Breviarium de Temporibus of Pseudo-Philo — was that the genealogy of Jesus in the Gospel of Luke traced the lineage through the father of Mary. In the Breviarium de Temporibus, the Christ's grandfather Eli according to Luke was identified with Eliachim, an alleged variant of St Joachim, the Virgin Mary's father according to the apocryphal Protoevangelium of James. According to Annius, the Marian direct descendance from king David testified Christ's inheritance of the throne of Israel in the lineage of His holy mother. The more important of his unpublished works are: Volumen libris septuaginta distinctum de antiquitatibus et gestis Etruscorum; De correctione typographica chronicorum; De dignitate officii Magistri Sacri Palatii (On the Esteem of the Office of the Master of the Sacred Palace); and lastly, The Chronologia Nova, in which he undertakes to correct the anachronisms in the writings of Eusebius of Caesarea. De marmoreis volturrhenis tabulis: the modern editor's preface affirmed it was "the first epigraphic study in western scholarship". He was notorious for his text depicting the history and topography of ancient Rome from the "most ancient" authors. His Auctores vetustissimi printed at Rome, 1498, was an anthology of seventeen purportedly classical texts, all of which he had written himself, with which he embarks in the gigantic attempt to write a universal history of the post-diluvian West civilization, where the Etruscan people and the town of Viterbo/Etruria, custodian of the original knowledge of divine nature, takes on the leading role in the march of Man towards the future. Annius's map of Rome as founded by Romulus is a loose interpretation of one of his own forgeries. It prominently features Vicus Tuscus, the home of the Etruscans, whom Annius and his fellow Viterbans claimed as their ancestors. Part of the forgeries were motivated by a desire to prove that Viterbo was the site of the Etruscan Fanum Voltumnae. In a defense of the papal lending institution, the Monte di Pietà, published c. 1495 under the title Pro Monte Pietatis, Annius contributed the essay Questiones due disputate super mutuo iudaico & ciuili & diuino, arguing against the usury of the Jews. Looking for a patronage, Annius published its first treatise in February 1491 and dedicated it to Ranuccio Farnese. Analyzing the works of Diodorus Siculus, Annius supposed Isis and Osiris established new colonies in the Mediterranean Sea, the latter founding Viterbo, so as to derive a divine and Egyptian ancestry for the family of the ongoing Pope Alexander III, brother of Ranuccio. Detection of his forgeries The Antiquities met at once both with believers and with severe critics who accused him of willful interpolation, or even fabrication. The content was falsely attributed to Berosus, Fabius Pictor, Cato the Elder, Manetho and others. The spurious character of these "historians" of Annius, which he published both with and without commentaries, has long been admitted. The demolition of the forgeries owed much to Joseph Justus Scaliger. Annius's forgeries began to unravel by the mid-16th century. In 1565–66, the humanist Girolamo Mei was engaged in a historiographical argument with Vincenzo Borghini, who presented a claim, for the occasion of the marriage of Francesco I de' Medici and Joanna of Austria, that Florence was founded by Augustus. He based his claim on inscriptions reported by Annius of Viterbo. Mei, no friend to the Medici, challenged this opinion and questioned the authenticity of Annius's materials, in a brief Latin treatise (De origine urbis Florentiae). Viterbiae historiae epitoma The volume Annio da Viterbo, Documenti e ricerche (Rome: Multigrafica Editrice for CNR, 1981) presents an unpublished work written by Annius: the Viterbiae historiae epitoma in the critical text edited by Giovanni Baffioni. The text is based on the manuscript Codex Vaticanus Latinus 6263 and represents the seventh and only extant book of the former work of Annius' Viterbia Historia, composed of seven books in which the Viterbian theologian writes the history of his municipal town ranging from its mythological origins (newly reinvented by Annius himself) until the times of Pope Innocent VIII. The second part of the book, edited by Paola Mattiangeli, deals with his influence on High Renaissance myth and allegory. In particular, it refers to Annius's esoteric interests and his influence over a number of painted frescoes in the city of Viterbo characterized by Egyptian imagery. See also Codex Nanianus Notes References External links Schiesaro, J. (2023). I falsi storiografici di Annio da Viterbo nell'Accademia fiorentina, in S. Ferrilli, M. Nava, J. Schiesaro (eds.), «Fucata vetustas». Prassi e ricezione del falso nella letteratura e nell'arte del Rinascimento italiano. Milan: Franco Angeli, pp. 121–148 "Fucata vetustas" Pseudo-Berossus – original Latin text Berosi sacerdotis chaldaici Antiquitatum libri quinque Benjamin Anderson, curator. The invention of Antiquity: "The landscape of ancient Rome" Bryn Mawr exhibition, 2004 Auctores vetustissimi 1498 Woodcut of Rome illustrated in Bryn Mawr's copy ("It would appear that he was too credulous, and really believed the texts to be authentic.") Dennis E. Rhodes, "Four Italian Judaica incunabula: Pro Monte Pietatis" Guy Shaked, "Girolamo Mei's biography" (Archived 2009-10-25) "L'appartamento Borgia in Vaticano" Nicholas Temple, "Heritage and Forgery: Annio da Viterbo and the Quest for the Authentic", Public Archaeology (Vol.II/3), 2002 1430s births 1502 deaths 15th-century Italian historians Historians of the Catholic Church Italian Dominicans Forgers People from Viterbo Fresco painters Pseudepigraphy Italian Renaissance humanists	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "Annius of Viterbo", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Annius of Viterbo (; 5 January 143713 November 1502) was an Italian Dominican friar, scholar, and historian, born Giovanni Nanni in Viterbo. He is now remembered for his fabrications.\n\nHe entered the Dominican Order early in life. He obtained the degree of Master of Theology from the studium generale at Santa Maria sopra Minerva, the forerunner of the College of Saint Thomas and the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum. He served as a lector at the studium sometime before 1466.\n\nHe was highly esteemed by Sixtus IV and Alexander VI; the latter made him Master of the Sacred Palace in 1499.\n\nAs a linguist, he spuriously claimed to be skilled in the Oriental languages. Walter Stephens says: \"His expertise in Semitic philology, once celebrated even by otherwise sober ecclesiastical historians, was entirely fictive.\" Annius also claimed to be able to read Etruscan.\n\nIn perhaps his most elaborate pseudo-archeological charade, in the autumn of 1493, he undertook a well-publicized dig at Viterbo, during which marble statues of some of the most dramatic of the mythical figures associated with the city's legendarium appeared to be unearthed; they had all been \"salted\" in the site beforehand.\n\nWorks\nHe is best known for his Antiquitatum Variarum, originally titled the Commentaria super opera diversorum auctorum de antiquitatibus loquentium (Commentaries on the Works of Various Authors Discussing Antiquity) and often known as the Antiquities of Annius. In this work, he published alleged writings and fragments of several pre-Christian Greek and Latin profane authors, destined to throw an entirely new light on ancient history. He claimed to have discovered them at Mantua.\n\nAmong his numerous other writings were De futuris Christianorum triumphis in Turcos et Saracenos (Future Triumphs of the Christians over the Turks and the Saracens), a commentary on the Apocalypse, dedicated to Sixtus IV, to Christian kings, princes, and governments, and Tractatus de imperio Turcorum (The Empire of the Turks). The author identifies Mohammad as the Antichrist, and predicts that the end of the world will take place when the Christians will have overcome the Jews and the Muslims, an event which did not appear to him to be far distant.\n\nOne influential suggestion he made — in his commentary on the Breviarium de Temporibus of Pseudo-Philo — was that the genealogy of Jesus in the Gospel of Luke traced the lineage through the father of Mary. \nIn the Breviarium de Temporibus, the Christ's grandfather Eli according to Luke was identified with Eliachim, an alleged variant of St Joachim, the Virgin Mary's father according to the apocryphal Protoevangelium of James. According to Annius, the Marian direct descendance from king David testified Christ's inheritance of the throne of Israel in the lineage of His holy mother.\n\nThe more important of his unpublished works are: \n Volumen libris septuaginta distinctum de antiquitatibus et gestis Etruscorum; \n De correctione typographica chronicorum; \n De dignitate officii Magistri Sacri Palatii (On the Esteem of the Office of the Master of the Sacred Palace); and lastly, \n The Chronologia Nova, in which he undertakes to correct the anachronisms in the writings of Eusebius of Caesarea.\n De marmoreis volturrhenis tabulis: the modern editor's preface affirmed it was \"the first epigraphic study in western scholarship\".\n\nHe was notorious for his text depicting the history and topography of ancient Rome from the \"most ancient\" authors. His Auctores vetustissimi printed at Rome, 1498, was an anthology of seventeen purportedly classical texts, all of which he had written himself, with which he embarks in the gigantic attempt to write a universal history of the post-diluvian West civilization, where the Etruscan people and the town of Viterbo/Etruria, custodian of the original knowledge of divine nature, takes on the leading role in the march of Man towards the future. Annius's map of Rome as founded by Romulus is a loose interpretation of one of his own forgeries. It prominently features Vicus Tuscus, the home of the Etruscans, whom Annius and his fellow Viterbans claimed as their ancestors. Part of the forgeries were motivated by a desire to prove that Viterbo was the site of the Etruscan Fanum Voltumnae.\n\nIn a defense of the papal lending institution, the Monte di Pietà, published c. 1495 under the title Pro Monte Pietatis, Annius contributed the essay Questiones due disputate super mutuo iudaico & ciuili & diuino, arguing against the usury of the Jews.\n\nLooking for a patronage, Annius published its first treatise in February 1491 and dedicated it to Ranuccio Farnese. Analyzing the works of Diodorus Siculus, Annius supposed Isis and Osiris established new colonies in the Mediterranean Sea, the latter founding Viterbo, so as to derive a divine and Egyptian ancestry for the family of the ongoing Pope Alexander III, brother of Ranuccio.\n\nDetection of his forgeries\nThe Antiquities met at once both with believers and with severe critics who accused him of willful interpolation, or even fabrication. The content was falsely attributed to Berosus, Fabius Pictor, Cato the Elder, Manetho and others. The spurious character of these \"historians\" of Annius, which he published both with and without commentaries, has long been admitted. The demolition of the forgeries owed much to Joseph Justus Scaliger.\n\nAnnius's forgeries began to unravel by the mid-16th century. In 1565–66, the humanist Girolamo Mei was engaged in a historiographical argument with Vincenzo Borghini, who presented a claim, for the occasion of the marriage of Francesco I de' Medici and Joanna of Austria, that Florence was founded by Augustus. He based his claim on inscriptions reported by Annius of Viterbo. Mei, no friend to the Medici, challenged this opinion and questioned the authenticity of Annius's materials, in a brief Latin treatise (De origine urbis Florentiae).\n\nViterbiae historiae epitoma\nThe volume Annio da Viterbo, Documenti e ricerche (Rome: Multigrafica Editrice for CNR, 1981) presents an unpublished work written by Annius: the Viterbiae historiae epitoma in the critical text edited by Giovanni Baffioni. The text is based on the manuscript Codex Vaticanus Latinus 6263 and represents the seventh and only extant book of the former work of Annius' Viterbia Historia, composed of seven books in which the Viterbian theologian writes the history of his municipal town ranging from its mythological origins (newly reinvented by Annius himself) until the times of Pope Innocent VIII. The second part of the book, edited by Paola Mattiangeli, deals with his influence on High Renaissance myth and allegory. In particular, it refers to Annius's esoteric interests and his influence over a number of painted frescoes in the city of Viterbo characterized by Egyptian imagery.\n\nSee also \n Codex Nanianus\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Schiesaro, J. (2023). I falsi storiografici di Annio da Viterbo nell'Accademia fiorentina, in S. Ferrilli, M. Nava, J. Schiesaro (eds.), «Fucata vetustas». Prassi e ricezione del falso nella letteratura e nell'arte del Rinascimento italiano. Milan: Franco Angeli, pp. 121–148 \"Fucata vetustas\"\n \n Pseudo-Berossus – original Latin text\n Berosi sacerdotis chaldaici Antiquitatum libri quinque\n Benjamin Anderson, curator. The invention of Antiquity: \"The landscape of ancient Rome\" Bryn Mawr exhibition, 2004\nAuctores vetustissimi 1498 Woodcut of Rome illustrated in Bryn Mawr's copy\n (\"It would appear that he was too credulous, and really believed the texts to be authentic.\")\n\n Dennis E. Rhodes, \"Four Italian Judaica incunabula: Pro Monte Pietatis\" \n Guy Shaked, \"Girolamo Mei's biography\" (Archived 2009-10-25)\n \"L'appartamento Borgia in Vaticano\"\n Nicholas Temple, \"Heritage and Forgery: Annio da Viterbo and the Quest for the Authentic\", Public Archaeology (Vol.II/3), 2002\n\n1430s births\n1502 deaths\n15th-century Italian historians\nHistorians of the Catholic Church\nItalian Dominicans\nForgers\nPeople from Viterbo\nFresco painters\nPseudepigraphy\nItalian Renaissance humanists", "role": "assistant" } ]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard%20B.%20Stern	Leonard Bernard Stern (December 23, 1922 – June 7, 2011) was an American screenwriter, film and television producer, director, and one of the creators, with Roger Price, of the word game Mad Libs. Life and career Stern was born in New York City and majored in journalism at New York University. He was a Women’s Army Corps recruiter while serving in the Army during World War II. Stern was a successful television writer who wrote for such now classic series such as The Honeymooners, The Phil Silvers Show, The Steve Allen Show, Tonight Starring Steve Allen and Get Smart (a program on which he served as executive producer). Stern created the signature opening door credits for Get Smart. Stern was also a writer for the 1952 Danny Thomas and Peggy Lee version of The Jazz Singer and a few Abbott and Costello films (with Martin Ragaway), among others. In the 1970s, he produced and directed the TV series McMillan & Wife, which starred Rock Hudson and Susan Saint James. Stern was the senior vice president of Price Stern Sloan (PSS). In 2000, after Price's death, Stern and another partner, Larry Sloan, launched another publishing company, Tallfellow Press, and acquired the rights to Droodles. Stern co-wrote, with Diane L. Robison, A Martian Wouldn't Say That (2000), a compilation of actual memos and notes from television executives. Early in his career, when he wanted to write feature films on his own, he had trouble finding work. When he finally got the assignment for Let's Go Navy! he adopted the pseudonym "Max Adams" because he "wasn't particularly proud of doing a Bowery Boys [film]". Personal life Stern was married twice. His first marriage was in 1951 to actress Julie Adams. The marriage ended in divorce two years later in 1953. In 1956, Stern married actress Gloria Stroock, to whom he remained married until his death. The couple had two children, Kate and Michael. Death On June 7, 2011, Stern died of heart failure at his home in Beverly Hills, California, aged 88. He was survived by his wife of 55 years, actress Gloria Stroock, as well as a son, daughter, two grandchildren, and a great-granddaughter. Funeral services were held at Mount Sinai Memorial Park. Selected film and television credits Producer I'm Dickens, He's Fenster (1962–1963) Supermarket Sweep (1965) Get Smart (1965–1968) Run, Buddy, Run (1966) The Hero (1966–1967) He & She (1967–1968) The Good Guys (1968–1970) The Governor & J.J. (1969–1970) McMillan & Wife (1971–1976) The Snoop Sisters (1972–1974) Faraday & Company (1973) Holmes & Yoyo (1976–1977) Lanigan's Rabbi (1976) Rosetti and Ryan (1977) Operation Petticoat (1977–1978) Partners in Crime (1984) Get Smart, Again! (1989) Missing Pieces (film) (1992) Writer Africa Screams (1949) uncredited, with Martin Ragaway Ma and Pa Kettle Go to Town (1950) with Martin Ragaway Abbott and Costello in the Foreign Legion (1950) with Martin Ragaway The Milkman (1952) with Martin Ragaway Ma and Pa Kettle at the Fair (1952) with Martin Ragaway Lost in Alaska (1952) with Martin Ragaway The Jazz Singer (1952) Three for the Show (1955) The Steve Allen Show (1956–1960) The Honeymooners (1955–1956) The Phil Silvers Show (1956) The Jackie Gleason Show (1953–1956) The Good Guys (1968) Director I'm Dickens, He's Fenster (1962–1963) Run, Buddy, Run (1966) He & She (1967) The Good Guys (1968) The Governor & J.J. (1969) McMillan & Wife (1971) The Snoop Sisters (1972) Holmes & Yoyo (1976) Lanigan's Rabbi (1977) Just You and Me, Kid (1979) Partners in Crime (1984) Missing Pieces (1992) Awards Emmy Award, 1957, Best Comedy Writing-variety Or Situation Comedy (The Phil Silvers Show) Emmy Award, 1967, Outstanding Writing Achievement In Comedy (Get Smart) References External links Leonard Stern interview at Archive of American Television – July 13, 2000 and August 20, 2008 1922 births 2011 deaths Screenwriters from New York City American publishers (people) American television directors Television producers from New York City American television writers Jewish American screenwriters American male television writers Primetime Emmy Award winners 21st-century American Jews	[ { "content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n", "role": "system" }, { "content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard%20B.%20Stern", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Leonard Bernard Stern (December 23, 1922 – June 7, 2011) was an American screenwriter, film and television producer, director, and one of the creators, with Roger Price, of the word game Mad Libs.\n\nLife and career\nStern was born in New York City and majored in journalism at New York University. He was a Women’s Army Corps recruiter while serving in the Army during World War II.\n\nStern was a successful television writer who wrote for such now classic series such as The Honeymooners, The Phil Silvers Show, The Steve Allen Show, Tonight Starring Steve Allen and Get Smart (a program on which he served as executive producer). Stern created the signature opening door credits for Get Smart.\n\nStern was also a writer for the 1952 Danny Thomas and Peggy Lee version of The Jazz Singer and a few Abbott and Costello films (with Martin Ragaway), among others. In the 1970s, he produced and directed the TV series McMillan & Wife, which starred Rock Hudson and Susan Saint James.\n\nStern was the senior vice president of Price Stern Sloan (PSS). In 2000, after Price's death, Stern and another partner, Larry Sloan, launched another publishing company, Tallfellow Press, and acquired the rights to Droodles. Stern co-wrote, with Diane L. Robison, A Martian Wouldn't Say That (2000), a compilation of actual memos and notes from television executives.\n\nEarly in his career, when he wanted to write feature films on his own, he had trouble finding work. When he finally got the assignment for Let's Go Navy! he adopted the pseudonym \"Max Adams\" because he \"wasn't particularly proud of doing a Bowery Boys [film]\".\n\nPersonal life\nStern was married twice. His first marriage was in 1951 to actress Julie Adams. The marriage ended in divorce two years later in 1953. In 1956, Stern married actress Gloria Stroock, to whom he remained married until his death. The couple had two children, Kate and Michael.\n\nDeath\nOn June 7, 2011, Stern died of heart failure at his home in Beverly Hills, California, aged 88. He was survived by his wife of 55 years, actress Gloria Stroock, as well as a son, daughter, two grandchildren, and a great-granddaughter. Funeral services were held at Mount Sinai Memorial Park.\n\nSelected film and television credits\nProducer\nI'm Dickens, He's Fenster (1962–1963)\nSupermarket Sweep (1965)\nGet Smart (1965–1968)\nRun, Buddy, Run (1966)\nThe Hero (1966–1967)\nHe & She (1967–1968)\nThe Good Guys (1968–1970)\nThe Governor & J.J. (1969–1970)\nMcMillan & Wife (1971–1976)\nThe Snoop Sisters (1972–1974)\nFaraday & Company (1973)\nHolmes & Yoyo (1976–1977)\nLanigan's Rabbi (1976)\nRosetti and Ryan (1977)\nOperation Petticoat (1977–1978)\nPartners in Crime (1984)\nGet Smart, Again! (1989)\nMissing Pieces (film) (1992)\n\nWriter\nAfrica Screams (1949) uncredited, with Martin Ragaway\nMa and Pa Kettle Go to Town (1950) with Martin Ragaway\nAbbott and Costello in the Foreign Legion (1950) with Martin Ragaway\nThe Milkman (1952) with Martin Ragaway\nMa and Pa Kettle at the Fair (1952) with Martin Ragaway\nLost in Alaska (1952) with Martin Ragaway\nThe Jazz Singer (1952)\nThree for the Show (1955)\nThe Steve Allen Show (1956–1960)\nThe Honeymooners (1955–1956)\nThe Phil Silvers Show (1956)\nThe Jackie Gleason Show (1953–1956)\nThe Good Guys (1968)\n\nDirector\nI'm Dickens, He's Fenster (1962–1963)\nRun, Buddy, Run (1966)\nHe & She (1967)\nThe Good Guys (1968)\nThe Governor & J.J. (1969)\nMcMillan & Wife (1971)\nThe Snoop Sisters (1972)\nHolmes & Yoyo (1976)\nLanigan's Rabbi (1977)\nJust You and Me, Kid (1979)\nPartners in Crime (1984)\nMissing Pieces (1992)\n\nAwards\n Emmy Award, 1957, Best Comedy Writing-variety Or Situation Comedy (The Phil Silvers Show)\n Emmy Award, 1967, Outstanding Writing Achievement In Comedy (Get Smart)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n Leonard Stern interview at Archive of American Television – July 13, 2000 and August 20, 2008\n\n1922 births\n2011 deaths\nScreenwriters from New York City\nAmerican publishers (people)\nAmerican television directors\nTelevision producers from New York City\nAmerican television writers\nJewish American screenwriters\nAmerican male television writers\nPrimetime Emmy Award winners\n21st-century American Jews", "role": "assistant" } ]