| id
				 stringlengths 36 36 | video_id
				 stringclasses 210
				values | video_url
				 stringclasses 210
				values | video
				 stringclasses 470
				values | timestamp
				 sequencelengths 2 2 | question
				 stringlengths 27 118 | answer
				 stringlengths 2 142 | video_metadata
				 dict | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 
	66bb0c8b-648a-4c7c-a307-9da630c97e7b | 
	_TNRtl1_XUo | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TNRtl1_XUo | 
	_TNRtl1_XUo_251_523.mp4 | 
	[
  251,
  523
] | 
	What anatomical structure is identified for preservation during dissection? | 
	Lingual nerve. | 
	{
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    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	60aa9f25-3c93-4a8d-8831-aafd5475083b | 
	_TNRtl1_XUo | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TNRtl1_XUo | 
	_TNRtl1_XUo_251_523.mp4 | 
	[
  251,
  523
] | 
	What is being ligated during the surgery? | 
	Blood vessel. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 272,
    "frame_count": 8160,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	8a4e0f8d-9ee3-4917-8866-3dafdf8a04f9 | 
	_TNRtl1_XUo | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TNRtl1_XUo | 
	_TNRtl1_XUo_251_523.mp4 | 
	[
  251,
  523
] | 
	What nerve is identified below the gland? | 
	Hypoglossal nerve. | 
	{
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    "duration": 272,
    "frame_count": 8160,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	de03756e-0ae3-41b6-9dbf-a9e98a4386d4 | 
	_TNRtl1_XUo | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TNRtl1_XUo | 
	_TNRtl1_XUo_251_523.mp4 | 
	[
  251,
  523
] | 
	What technique is used to close the wound? | 
	Subcuticular suture technique. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 272,
    "frame_count": 8160,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	80895bb8-8fa1-4b6b-9e99-64bc3f968c0f | 
	_TNRtl1_XUo | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TNRtl1_XUo | 
	_TNRtl1_XUo_251_523.mp4 | 
	[
  251,
  523
] | 
	What instrument is used to apply traction on the skin? | 
	Skin hook. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 272,
    "frame_count": 8160,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	9f1dad88-04d3-440f-95aa-db6678cc2b45 | 
	df9apf88ZMk | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=df9apf88ZMk | 
	df9apf88ZMk_290_440.mp4 | 
	[
  290,
  440
] | 
	How was the area tested for air leakage? | 
	Positive pressure ventilation. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 150,
    "frame_count": 8991,
    "fps": 59.94,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	1ef25812-e9dc-46b5-9dad-9c3750c0b109 | 
	df9apf88ZMk | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=df9apf88ZMk | 
	df9apf88ZMk_290_440.mp4 | 
	[
  290,
  440
] | 
	What confirmed the bronchial patency? | 
	No leaks or bubbles. | 
	{
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    "duration": 150,
    "frame_count": 8991,
    "fps": 59.94,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	4392c185-8f42-4445-8ad9-d4df828680a9 | 
	df9apf88ZMk | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=df9apf88ZMk | 
	df9apf88ZMk_290_440.mp4 | 
	[
  290,
  440
] | 
	What was used to verify the optimal sealing of the fistula? | 
	Fiber optic bronchoscopy. | 
	{
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    "duration": 150,
    "frame_count": 8991,
    "fps": 59.94,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	d89527c8-5a24-47bc-943d-bfb471d26dda | 
	_VwmcnhQ-gE | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VwmcnhQ-gE | 
	_VwmcnhQ-gE_274_330.mp4 | 
	[
  274,
  330
] | 
	What imaging technique is used to ensure perfusion of the ileostomy? | 
	Fluorescence imaging. | 
	{
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    "duration": 56.02268935602269,
    "frame_count": 1679,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	101bcf8f-6539-4fad-bc7a-fb3bb8ef122e | 
	_VwmcnhQ-gE | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VwmcnhQ-gE | 
	_VwmcnhQ-gE_274_330.mp4 | 
	[
  274,
  330
] | 
	What substance is used with fluorescence imaging in this procedure? | 
	Indocyanine green. | 
	{
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    "duration": 56.02268935602269,
    "frame_count": 1679,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	05fd9873-f49c-4f68-830d-558e8b52affa | 
	_VwmcnhQ-gE | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VwmcnhQ-gE | 
	_VwmcnhQ-gE_274_330.mp4 | 
	[
  274,
  330
] | 
	What anatomical structure is exposed for stoma creation? | 
	Ileum. | 
	{
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    "duration": 56.02268935602269,
    "frame_count": 1679,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	49d9ff4e-9bf6-4a31-ad43-32e6a1514254 | 
	_VwmcnhQ-gE | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VwmcnhQ-gE | 
	_VwmcnhQ-gE_274_330.mp4 | 
	[
  274,
  330
] | 
	What is confirmed to be mature in the video? | 
	Ileostomy. | 
	{
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    "duration": 56.02268935602269,
    "frame_count": 1679,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	55e487b0-1d07-46fd-9a4d-3214c5b790ed | 
	qEKPz5zuDjc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEKPz5zuDjc | 
	qEKPz5zuDjc_155_272.mp4 | 
	[
  155,
  272
] | 
	What procedure is performed to prepare the area for liposuction? | 
	Injection of local anesthetic. | 
	{
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    "duration": 117.01701701701703,
    "frame_count": 3507,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 854,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	6bc90ad8-dc57-4936-a756-18eec649d796 | 
	qEKPz5zuDjc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEKPz5zuDjc | 
	qEKPz5zuDjc_155_272.mp4 | 
	[
  155,
  272
] | 
	What tool is used for taking the areola graft? | 
	Cookie cutter tool. | 
	{
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    "duration": 117.01701701701703,
    "frame_count": 3507,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 854,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	3b8031dd-5b77-4560-9d8f-52ed68b9b7e9 | 
	qEKPz5zuDjc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEKPz5zuDjc | 
	qEKPz5zuDjc_155_272.mp4 | 
	[
  155,
  272
] | 
	What shape is the marking for the areola graft? | 
	Circular. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 117.01701701701703,
    "frame_count": 3507,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 854,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	84a1bb91-7ea5-4f0e-9a7f-6a19fc93bff2 | 
	qEKPz5zuDjc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEKPz5zuDjc | 
	qEKPz5zuDjc_155_272.mp4 | 
	[
  155,
  272
] | 
	What is the typical diameter of the cookie cutter tool used? | 
	25 millimeters. | 
	{
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    "duration": 117.01701701701703,
    "frame_count": 3507,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 854,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	a13f4547-a0ce-46b1-9112-0572679b2b37 | 
	qEKPz5zuDjc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEKPz5zuDjc | 
	qEKPz5zuDjc_155_272.mp4 | 
	[
  155,
  272
] | 
	What part of the body is visibly marked for grafting? | 
	Areola. | 
	{
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    "duration": 117.01701701701703,
    "frame_count": 3507,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 854,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	9dd6666e-e41b-46b5-90ca-8528ab63c6d9 | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_8_158.mp4 | 
	[
  8,
  158
] | 
	What type of breast reduction procedure is being performed? | 
	Superior pedicle breast reduction. | 
	{
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    "duration": 150,
    "frame_count": 4500,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	104c22fe-69d3-428a-b6b3-71d2ac6a76d7 | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_8_158.mp4 | 
	[
  8,
  158
] | 
	Which specific area is de-epithelized first during the procedure? | 
	Periareolar area. | 
	{
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    "duration": 150,
    "frame_count": 4500,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	53a50951-7c56-4c0c-8509-19816304c64c | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_8_158.mp4 | 
	[
  8,
  158
] | 
	What type of scalpel is used for the tissue resections? | 
	10-blade scalpel. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 150,
    "frame_count": 4500,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	52844f35-4f2f-4ef5-8025-ee358df8e568 | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_8_158.mp4 | 
	[
  8,
  158
] | 
	What technique is used to achieve hemostasis during the procedure? | 
	Electrocautery. | 
	{
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    "duration": 150,
    "frame_count": 4500,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	096fb5bd-eeb0-40a0-9d56-0a352f067a89 | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_8_158.mp4 | 
	[
  8,
  158
] | 
	Where is the incision made in relation to the chest wall? | 
	Parallel to the chest wall. | 
	{
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    "duration": 150,
    "frame_count": 4500,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	8994f206-2517-4a27-be35-ebf23f4a0ef1 | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg_201_321.mp4 | 
	[
  201,
  321
] | 
	What anatomical structure is the focus of the procedure? | 
	Mesoappendix. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3600,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	d518fedf-e1a5-42be-b3fc-2d941b95469d | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg_201_321.mp4 | 
	[
  201,
  321
] | 
	What is inspected after ligating the mesoappendix? | 
	Signs of bleeding. | 
	{
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    "duration": 120,
    "frame_count": 3600,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	b5c7042e-1877-43e1-b2a7-688bb1ef3f04 | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg_201_321.mp4 | 
	[
  201,
  321
] | 
	What instrument is applied to secure the base of the appendix? | 
	Arterial clip. | 
	{
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    "duration": 120,
    "frame_count": 3600,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	dd8b42f6-dcd0-4bb6-9711-bf5e0c238d24 | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg_201_321.mp4 | 
	[
  201,
  321
] | 
	What approach is used when securing the base of the appendix? | 
	Extra-mucosal approach. | 
	{
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    "duration": 120,
    "frame_count": 3600,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	b7844088-5a8a-4af5-b583-45ffa13527ed | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg_201_321.mp4 | 
	[
  201,
  321
] | 
	What type of stitch is used to secure the base of the appendix? | 
	Extra-mucosal stitch. | 
	{
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    "duration": 120,
    "frame_count": 3600,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	30e66ca7-03fc-4fc6-9c3a-ff3046043ccf | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOq5T0WxNNg | 
	xOq5T0WxNNg_201_321.mp4 | 
	[
  201,
  321
] | 
	What is the final step performed on the appendix in this procedure? | 
	Excision. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3600,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	38804b00-b872-4c9d-97b6-a1ec0e80c9fe | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc_74_182.mp4 | 
	[
  74,
  182
] | 
	What is the main technique used to visualize the veins? | 
	Duplex ultrasound. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 108,
    "frame_count": 2700,
    "fps": 25,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	9c9cc364-a6fb-4611-af4a-0398b240f8d1 | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc_74_182.mp4 | 
	[
  74,
  182
] | 
	What is the diameter of the main efferent vein? | 
	7mm. | 
	{
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    "duration": 108,
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    "fps": 25,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	a0f91601-1d3e-440d-a7b1-527742cbb827 | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc_74_182.mp4 | 
	[
  74,
  182
] | 
	Where are the vein diameters displayed on the screen? | 
	Left lower corner. | 
	{
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    "fps": 25,
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      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	1715909e-ea5c-40f6-ae08-91fb87d40463 | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc_74_182.mp4 | 
	[
  74,
  182
] | 
	What feature is observed between the main vein and accessory vein near the elbow? | 
	Small connection. | 
	{
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    "fps": 25,
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      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	7da39b88-06f6-4d8f-8955-59f1bcfca74f | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc_74_182.mp4 | 
	[
  74,
  182
] | 
	What is the purpose of the small skip incisions? | 
	To commence the procedure. | 
	{
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    "duration": 108,
    "frame_count": 2700,
    "fps": 25,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	ab91b99c-e907-42e5-a42b-7e7b04fb8074 | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc_74_182.mp4 | 
	[
  74,
  182
] | 
	What type of suture is used to ligate side branches? | 
	Proline sutures. | 
	{
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    "duration": 108,
    "frame_count": 2700,
    "fps": 25,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	48e86ae1-085e-4889-9352-e4abc9dd393a | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc_74_182.mp4 | 
	[
  74,
  182
] | 
	What happens to the arteriovenous fistula during the procedure? | 
	It is clamped. | 
	{
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    "duration": 108,
    "frame_count": 2700,
    "fps": 25,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	20101415-ce73-40a8-97f3-72ec6f3bee01 | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wm8RHfzTrc | 
	-wm8RHfzTrc_74_182.mp4 | 
	[
  74,
  182
] | 
	What solution is used to flush the veins? | 
	Heparin and saline solution. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 2700,
    "fps": 25,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	64e9602b-fbc6-43c1-bae9-860c68f4cbda | 
	884CY5zcTr4 | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=884CY5zcTr4 | 
	884CY5zcTr4_218_340.mp4 | 
	[
  218,
  340
] | 
	What duct is being treated in the procedure? | 
	Wharton's duct. | 
	{
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    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	c7eb4e05-729b-4d05-93a8-25b66c915efd | 
	884CY5zcTr4 | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=884CY5zcTr4 | 
	884CY5zcTr4_218_340.mp4 | 
	[
  218,
  340
] | 
	What is being done to ensure the duct's patency? | 
	Melting Wharton's duct. | 
	{
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    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	8992ec9f-d847-4b58-9457-510be25f56c9 | 
	884CY5zcTr4 | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=884CY5zcTr4 | 
	884CY5zcTr4_218_340.mp4 | 
	[
  218,
  340
] | 
	What is observed with the duct blockage? | 
	Purulence. | 
	{
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      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	9e72754d-15e7-4449-9191-6b518097a968 | 
	884CY5zcTr4 | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=884CY5zcTr4 | 
	884CY5zcTr4_218_340.mp4 | 
	[
  218,
  340
] | 
	What is performed to improve salivary flow? | 
	Milking the gland. | 
	{
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  }
} | 
| 
	6733f954-280b-49cc-ae48-fa87149dd660 | 
	884CY5zcTr4 | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=884CY5zcTr4 | 
	884CY5zcTr4_218_340.mp4 | 
	[
  218,
  340
] | 
	What abnormal physical finding is associated with the gland during palpation? | 
	Hardened gland. | 
	{
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    "resolution": {
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    }
  }
} | 
| 
	5663a7e8-f8ae-4d92-b910-561d7a13d62d | 
	884CY5zcTr4 | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=884CY5zcTr4 | 
	884CY5zcTr4_218_340.mp4 | 
	[
  218,
  340
] | 
	What indicates previous stasis in the gland? | 
	Backed-up saliva. | 
	{
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    "resolution": {
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    }
  }
} | 
| 
	221207af-62b4-4b6d-93fa-cc56571d3092 | 
	884CY5zcTr4 | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=884CY5zcTr4 | 
	884CY5zcTr4_218_340.mp4 | 
	[
  218,
  340
] | 
	What is confirmed by the procedure under the inferior border? | 
	Patent salivary duct. | 
	{
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  }
} | 
| 
	bdf3964a-e5be-4b70-8d1a-58f4eabe2c97 | 
	884CY5zcTr4 | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=884CY5zcTr4 | 
	884CY5zcTr4_218_340.mp4 | 
	[
  218,
  340
] | 
	What other duct is assessed besides the primary focus of the procedure? | 
	Patient's right salivary duct. | 
	{
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    "resolution": {
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    }
  }
} | 
| 
	7987dc59-618d-4aa8-83b7-d2166372c45c | 
	25jDNJwQnhc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25jDNJwQnhc | 
	25jDNJwQnhc_197_359.mp4 | 
	[
  197,
  359
] | 
	What type of suture material is being used? | 
	Black silk. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 4856,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	e5d82691-b54c-4e7d-b4ca-baeeb5231cf9 | 
	25jDNJwQnhc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25jDNJwQnhc | 
	25jDNJwQnhc_197_359.mp4 | 
	[
  197,
  359
] | 
	What surgical technique is used to secure the final stitch? | 
	Mattress suture technique. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 4856,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	36aec414-c08d-4327-8b2e-d95432726139 | 
	25jDNJwQnhc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25jDNJwQnhc | 
	25jDNJwQnhc_197_359.mp4 | 
	[
  197,
  359
] | 
	What is the visual indication that the first suture is constricting the area? | 
	The area turns white. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 4856,
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    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	e91eb1d4-0941-4fed-9f6e-0d123b8662d7 | 
	25jDNJwQnhc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25jDNJwQnhc | 
	25jDNJwQnhc_197_359.mp4 | 
	[
  197,
  359
] | 
	What is the purpose of the first suture in this procedure? | 
	To elevate the lesion. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 4856,
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    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
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  }
} | 
| 
	1288d6cc-aca0-4d7f-908a-2dfb5862b375 | 
	25jDNJwQnhc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25jDNJwQnhc | 
	25jDNJwQnhc_197_359.mp4 | 
	[
  197,
  359
] | 
	Which anatomical structures are avoided due to the uplifted lesion? | 
	Sublingual gland, duct, and nerve. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 4856,
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    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	419ff3a8-74c5-4546-9fe8-ab10eb5271dd | 
	LVMCtRCJibI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVMCtRCJibI | 
	LVMCtRCJibI_570_722.mp4 | 
	[
  570,
  722
] | 
	What is being traced first in the procedure? | 
	Zygomatic branch. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 4556,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	5099e172-e017-4ea0-8a1e-17b9c97b9782 | 
	LVMCtRCJibI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVMCtRCJibI | 
	LVMCtRCJibI_570_722.mp4 | 
	[
  570,
  722
] | 
	Which branches are revealed one by one in the procedure? | 
	Marginal and cervical branches. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 4556,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	9805dee0-958b-4fd5-bd77-d99163bda908 | 
	LVMCtRCJibI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVMCtRCJibI | 
	LVMCtRCJibI_570_722.mp4 | 
	[
  570,
  722
] | 
	What is maintained well throughout the procedure? | 
	Hemostasis. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 4556,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	4fa91c86-a3b5-479c-a658-0c9a1740c4c8 | 
	LVMCtRCJibI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVMCtRCJibI | 
	LVMCtRCJibI_570_722.mp4 | 
	[
  570,
  722
] | 
	What type of suture is used for the subcutaneous fat layer closure? | 
	Vicryl. | 
	{
  "original": {
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    "frame_count": 4556,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	1bf8e654-82c2-49fc-8e63-a94815c220e6 | 
	LVMCtRCJibI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVMCtRCJibI | 
	LVMCtRCJibI_570_722.mp4 | 
	[
  570,
  722
] | 
	What outcome is expected in the immediate post-operative period? | 
	Temporary neuropraxia. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 4556,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	529f94ba-6f00-4b74-bf8e-f79bcb494b49 | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE_181_369.mp4 | 
	[
  181,
  369
] | 
	What muscle is retracted using Army-Navy retractors? | 
	Mylohyoid muscle. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 188,
    "frame_count": 5640,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	a76ebf6a-60c8-4cf3-b783-353ac8084d42 | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE_181_369.mp4 | 
	[
  181,
  369
] | 
	Which nerve is identified during the procedure? | 
	Lingual nerve. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 188,
    "frame_count": 5640,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	f7eaceca-24db-4da1-8753-87d89d1818d6 | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE_181_369.mp4 | 
	[
  181,
  369
] | 
	What is ligated in relation to the hypoglossal nerve? | 
	Sacromotor fibers or ganglion. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 188,
    "frame_count": 5640,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	c521fc54-afd5-4843-a6b2-a3c5522c6665 | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE_181_369.mp4 | 
	[
  181,
  369
] | 
	What glandular structure is divided from the lingual nerve? | 
	Mandibular gland. | 
	{
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    "duration": 188,
    "frame_count": 5640,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	4389f061-a8bc-491f-b35d-86ffa0c98685 | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE_181_369.mp4 | 
	[
  181,
  369
] | 
	How is the submandibular gland's duct typically positioned during the procedure? | 
	Surrounded by glandular tissue. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 188,
    "frame_count": 5640,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
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  }
} | 
| 
	bce1ab7c-b496-4f71-9bae-415d70360431 | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPX7B2r_IiE | 
	fPX7B2r_IiE_181_369.mp4 | 
	[
  181,
  369
] | 
	What is elevated to adjust the position as the patient's head is oriented downwards? | 
	Platysmal flap. | 
	{
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    "duration": 188,
    "frame_count": 5640,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	5d3bf857-dc7e-4236-acbb-b1f2604800b1 | 
	pbkOtT3Q2AM | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pbkOtT3Q2AM | 
	pbkOtT3Q2AM_284_562.mp4 | 
	[
  284,
  562
] | 
	What area is being de-epithelialized? | 
	Area surrounding the nose. | 
	{
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    "duration": 278,
    "frame_count": 8340,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	8777340d-a3bf-4fce-9b95-0d78599733ea | 
	pbkOtT3Q2AM | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pbkOtT3Q2AM | 
	pbkOtT3Q2AM_284_562.mp4 | 
	[
  284,
  562
] | 
	Which specific veins are being preserved? | 
	Veins of Holler. | 
	{
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    "duration": 278,
    "frame_count": 8340,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
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  }
} | 
| 
	3096a5d6-e560-46ca-a75f-b76ca10283d6 | 
	pbkOtT3Q2AM | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pbkOtT3Q2AM | 
	pbkOtT3Q2AM_284_562.mp4 | 
	[
  284,
  562
] | 
	What is requested to assist in the procedure? | 
	Tape. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 278,
    "frame_count": 8340,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	c4ebfff1-d9c9-4eb9-afdc-fceef215351b | 
	pbkOtT3Q2AM | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pbkOtT3Q2AM | 
	pbkOtT3Q2AM_284_562.mp4 | 
	[
  284,
  562
] | 
	What is done to the tape before use? | 
	Cutting. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 278,
    "frame_count": 8340,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	14509285-b0ac-4c60-8ccb-15e0ec03851c | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc_430_563.mp4 | 
	[
  430,
  563
] | 
	What instrument is used to make the incision in the aorta? | 
	Number 15 blade. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3987,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	be7d19fd-3229-46ff-b024-5cab5064d617 | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc_430_563.mp4 | 
	[
  430,
  563
] | 
	What type of sutures are used for the anastomosis? | 
	4-0 Prolene sutures. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3987,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	418fde87-16b6-49fc-995f-5f6ec8afcd3e | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc_430_563.mp4 | 
	[
  430,
  563
] | 
	What surgical procedure involves the side-biting clamp? | 
	Aorta dissection. | 
	{
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    "duration": 133.03303303303304,
    "frame_count": 3987,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	265746a7-ab5c-475b-a7c2-dfc2490c475f | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc_430_563.mp4 | 
	[
  430,
  563
] | 
	What anatomical site is being prepared for the outflow graft anastomosis? | 
	Aorta. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3987,
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    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
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    }
  }
} | 
| 
	2c38b8d2-25de-48d8-9e29-6b674297374e | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc_430_563.mp4 | 
	[
  430,
  563
] | 
	What motion is used to guide the inflow cannula? | 
	Back-and-forth motion. | 
	{
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    "duration": 133.03303303303304,
    "frame_count": 3987,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
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    }
  }
} | 
| 
	edc456be-5997-4358-b866-2685bedd2ca6 | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc_430_563.mp4 | 
	[
  430,
  563
] | 
	Which ventricle demonstrates strong contractions? | 
	Right ventricle. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3987,
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    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
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    }
  }
} | 
| 
	ba9f013c-4bed-41e7-b2db-732c228fc13e | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4r5_3uS0Nc | 
	I4r5_3uS0Nc_430_563.mp4 | 
	[
  430,
  563
] | 
	What additional material is used to fortify the anastomosis? | 
	Autologous pericardial strip. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3987,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	9d47a8a0-b981-45cf-b08d-c5defd94e7a3 | 
	FyITRX3i1-o | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyITRX3i1-o | 
	FyITRX3i1-o_300_422.mp4 | 
	[
  300,
  422
] | 
	What type of suture is used to secure the graft? | 
	2-0 absorbable suture. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 122.02202202202203,
    "frame_count": 3657,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	d65cbe8f-b603-4f8c-9731-bafa83299da5 | 
	FyITRX3i1-o | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyITRX3i1-o | 
	FyITRX3i1-o_300_422.mp4 | 
	[
  300,
  422
] | 
	What type of incision is closed during the procedure? | 
	Vertical paravaginal incision. | 
	{
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    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	2b50e445-1d90-4eba-9b93-2fee69001c74 | 
	FyITRX3i1-o | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyITRX3i1-o | 
	FyITRX3i1-o_300_422.mp4 | 
	[
  300,
  422
] | 
	What is left in place for pain relief after closing the incision? | 
	Pain-relief drain. | 
	{
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    "duration": 122.02202202202203,
    "frame_count": 3657,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1280,
      "height": 720
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	1e093eb6-cb7f-4c4b-a797-507b46c87548 | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y_24_244.mp4 | 
	[
  24,
  244
] | 
	What incision is used to approach the abdomen? | 
	Midline laparotomy. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 220.02002002002004,
    "frame_count": 6594,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 718,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	99bacd3c-1915-4406-9852-409630b4a447 | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y_24_244.mp4 | 
	[
  24,
  244
] | 
	What instrument is used to seal and divide the mesenteric vessels? | 
	Ligature. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 220.02002002002004,
    "frame_count": 6594,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 718,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	146b436d-d356-437e-b0bc-343330931621 | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y_24_244.mp4 | 
	[
  24,
  244
] | 
	How is the terminal ileum stapled and divided? | 
	Just proximal to the ileocecal valve. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 220.02002002002004,
    "frame_count": 6594,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 718,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	b58fc760-6f82-4da0-8f79-b49b25465ac1 | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y_24_244.mp4 | 
	[
  24,
  244
] | 
	What suture material is used to join the limbs of the small bowel? | 
	3-0 Vicryl. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 220.02002002002004,
    "frame_count": 6594,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 718,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	acd901ed-060a-40bf-a648-89fef330e781 | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y_24_244.mp4 | 
	[
  24,
  244
] | 
	What technique is used to mark the incision lines along each limb of the small bowel? | 
	Diathermy. | 
	{
  "original": {
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    "frame_count": 6594,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 718,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	5c2ff3e0-80eb-4ebb-8d25-8a72b203494c | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y_24_244.mp4 | 
	[
  24,
  244
] | 
	What is checked for discrepancies during pouch formation? | 
	Equal length of limbs. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 220.02002002002004,
    "frame_count": 6594,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 718,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	54e98462-c94e-4c8f-8a75-8e274e4d6f64 | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y_24_244.mp4 | 
	[
  24,
  244
] | 
	How are the anterior pouch walls formed? | 
	By suturing the lateral edges of the first and third limbs. | 
	{
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    "resolution": {
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      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	f206d9f7-abea-445d-bb22-7e1639b87e60 | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZDe6rhoV2Y | 
	TZDe6rhoV2Y_24_244.mp4 | 
	[
  24,
  244
] | 
	What is used to thin out mesenteric fat during the procedure? | 
	Diathermy. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 6594,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 718,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	4513058c-948e-470a-96d2-2091c7d203cc | 
	vhqRrJJWmmg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhqRrJJWmmg | 
	vhqRrJJWmmg_30_157.mp4 | 
	[
  30,
  157
] | 
	What type of surgery is being performed on the right breast? | 
	Breast preservation surgery. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3807,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 854,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	cd982ce4-a067-4eeb-8348-507ec3bcbc19 | 
	vhqRrJJWmmg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhqRrJJWmmg | 
	vhqRrJJWmmg_30_157.mp4 | 
	[
  30,
  157
] | 
	What technique is being used for the excision? | 
	Split reduction technique. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3807,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 854,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	212ac8d4-6836-4a37-bf5a-44d2eb460a74 | 
	vhqRrJJWmmg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhqRrJJWmmg | 
	vhqRrJJWmmg_30_157.mp4 | 
	[
  30,
  157
] | 
	What shape will the final scar have in the modified approach? | 
	Z-shaped. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3807,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 854,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	82a411b6-c2fd-4d24-905a-5a7370c28ebf | 
	vhqRrJJWmmg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhqRrJJWmmg | 
	vhqRrJJWmmg_30_157.mp4 | 
	[
  30,
  157
] | 
	What type of intraoperative therapy is planned? | 
	Intraoperative radiation therapy. | 
	{
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    "frame_count": 3807,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 854,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	6b8d9e31-493f-43a3-8985-f32508162eba | 
	vhqRrJJWmmg | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhqRrJJWmmg | 
	vhqRrJJWmmg_30_157.mp4 | 
	[
  30,
  157
] | 
	What is the shape of the pattern used in the marking process for the reconstruction? | 
	Keyhole marking for the areola. | 
	{
  "original": {
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    "frame_count": 3807,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 854,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	e1bbc114-37ab-4d26-8ebe-af0020ef7b0e | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_158_300.mp4 | 
	[
  158,
  300
] | 
	What direction is the initial dissection of the pedicle in relation to the chest wall? | 
	Perpendicular. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 142,
    "frame_count": 4260,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	e815ac54-9650-4f05-8212-dcc069e6e11d | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_158_300.mp4 | 
	[
  158,
  300
] | 
	What is the thickness of the lateral flap being developed? | 
	2 centimeters. | 
	{
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    "duration": 142,
    "frame_count": 4260,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	f129bb3f-e634-4c72-aae3-df1826b30508 | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_158_300.mp4 | 
	[
  158,
  300
] | 
	Which part of the breast is carved out initially during the parenchyma resection? | 
	Axillary tail. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 142,
    "frame_count": 4260,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	1ce6429f-711b-4380-a558-2afe439d69d1 | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_158_300.mp4 | 
	[
  158,
  300
] | 
	What surgical instrument is used to retract the dermis laterally? | 
	Coker. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 142,
    "frame_count": 4260,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	585dde01-729b-42df-a0b0-d34b0c942d3b | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_158_300.mp4 | 
	[
  158,
  300
] | 
	What is the purpose of achieving hemostasis during the procedure? | 
	Control bleeding. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 142,
    "frame_count": 4260,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	b8632eba-a36d-4bf1-b54a-53509cc7d76a | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_158_300.mp4 | 
	[
  158,
  300
] | 
	What part of the breast is resected after creating and undermining the medial flap? | 
	Inferior portion of the parenchyma. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 142,
    "frame_count": 4260,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	fde73e7a-f613-4380-9cac-fecda9f223b6 | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAd_n-qgRSI | 
	CAd_n-qgRSI_158_300.mp4 | 
	[
  158,
  300
] | 
	Which pedicles are preserved during the procedure? | 
	Central and superior pedicles. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 142,
    "frame_count": 4260,
    "fps": 30,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 640,
      "height": 480
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	5e7e50a1-8653-4910-8c3a-79f3b258fa00 | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU_312_456.mp4 | 
	[
  312,
  456
] | 
	What structure is preserved during the dissection of the posterior branch of the superior thyroid artery? | 
	External branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 144.01067734401067,
    "frame_count": 4316,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	39fd61a2-0f23-43eb-9923-3b9961dc9c52 | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU_312_456.mp4 | 
	[
  312,
  456
] | 
	What method is used to ligate the posterior branch of the superior thyroid artery? | 
	3-0 suture. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 144.01067734401067,
    "frame_count": 4316,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	06f4243b-4a5a-4759-875b-35347064fb72 | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU_312_456.mp4 | 
	[
  312,
  456
] | 
	What instrument is used to cut the ligament of the brain? | 
	Bipolar electrosurgery. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 144.01067734401067,
    "frame_count": 4316,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	07986189-b795-401d-aecb-298165aa4634 | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU_312_456.mp4 | 
	[
  312,
  456
] | 
	What anatomical structure is identified within the tracheoesophageal groove? | 
	Left recurrent laryngeal nerve. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 144.01067734401067,
    "frame_count": 4316,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	dae70172-7eb8-435a-aa16-3c76f85c5d72 | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU_312_456.mp4 | 
	[
  312,
  456
] | 
	Which artery is dissected and ligated close to the thyroid gland? | 
	Inferior thyroid artery. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 144.01067734401067,
    "frame_count": 4316,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
| 
	51188a94-0d2c-415f-a882-ba9cca2d44bf | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RJrDVlR1sU | 
	6RJrDVlR1sU_312_456.mp4 | 
	[
  312,
  456
] | 
	What instrument is used to incise the final attachment of the thyroid to the trachea? | 
	Monopolar cautery. | 
	{
  "original": {
    "duration": 144.01067734401067,
    "frame_count": 4316,
    "fps": 29.97,
    "resolution": {
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080
    }
  }
} | 
SurgeryVideoQA : A surgical video understanding benchmark
Introduction
Publicly available biomedical videos, such as those on YouTube, serve as valuable educational resources for medical students. Unlike standard machine learning datasets, these videos are designed for human learners, often mixing medical imagery with narration, explanatory diagrams, and contextual framing. In this work, we investigate whether such pedagogically rich, yet non-standardized and heterogeneous videos can effectively teach general-domain vision-language models biomedical knowledge. To this end, we introduce OpenBiomedVid, a biomedical video instruction tuning dataset comprising 1031 hours of video-caption and Q/A pairs, curated through a multi-step human-in-the-loop pipeline. Diverse biomedical video datasets are rare, and OpenBiomedVid fills an important gap by providing instruction-style supervision grounded in real-world educational content. Surprisingly, despite the informal and heterogeneous nature of these videos, the fine-tuned Qwen-2-VL models exhibit substantial performance improvements across most benchmarks. The 2B model achieves gains of 98.7% on video tasks, 71.2% on image tasks, and 0.2% on text tasks. The 7B model shows improvements of 37.09% on video and 11.2% on image tasks, with a slight degradation of 2.7% on text tasks compared to their respective base models. To address the lack of standardized biomedical video evaluation datasets, we also introduce two new expert curated benchmarks, MIMICEchoQA and SurgeryVideoQA. On these benchmarks, the 2B model achieves gains of 99.1% and 98.1%, while the 7B model shows gains of 22.5% and 52.1%, respectively, demonstrating the models' ability to generalize and perform biomedical video understanding on cleaner and more standardized datasets than those seen during training. These results suggest that educational videos created for human learning offer a surprisingly effective training signal for biomedical VLMs.
⚠️ Notes on Video Access
- We do not provide raw YouTube videos due to copyright.
- You must download them separately for SurgeryVideoQA
More details on processing the dataset is provided in our Github.
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